1/490. Congenital laryngotracheosophageal cleft.Two infants with complete laryngotracheoesophageal cleft are presented. One infant had hypoplasia of the left bronchus and lung and the other had a cystic dysplastic right kidney. The literature is reviewed and a scheme for managing infants with this severe and as yet lethal anomaly is presented.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = kidney (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/490. Diprosopus (partially duplicated head) associated with anencephaly: a case report.Craniofacial duplication (diprosopus) is a rare form of conjoined twin. A 16 year old mother with a twin pregnancy delivered one normally formed baby boy and one diprosopus male. The malformed baby was 33 weeks of gestation with a single trunk, normal limbs and various degrees of facial duplication. Of the following structures there were two of each: noses, eyes, ears (and one dimple), mouths, tongues and, with bilateral central cleft lips and cleft palates. This was associated with holoprosencephaly and craniorachischisis. Internal organs showed no duplication. There were multiple congenital anomalies including diaphragmatic hernia, small lungs, two lobes of the right lung, ventricular septal defect, small adrenal gland and small left kidney with short ureter. The body also had a short neck, small chest cavities and kyphosis. X-ray revealed duplication of the vertebral column. The case presented here represents a type II of diprosopia of Rating (1933) and is the least common type reported. We also reviewed 22 recently reported cases of diprosopus. In addition to facial duplication, anencephaly, neural tube defect and cardiac malformations represent the more common congenital abnormalities associated with diprosopus. The pathogenesis of diprosopus is not well understood. Factors that play a role in diprosopus are probably similar to those factors (genetic, environmental and abnormal placental circulation) which affect monozoygotic twins as observed in this case report. Early ultrasonography diagnosis of diprosopus permits one to consider a vaginal therapeutic abortion.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = kidney (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/490. Intrachromosomal triplication of 2q11.2-q21 in a severely malformed infant: case report and review of triplications and their possible mechanism.A female fetus with brain malformations, multicystic kidneys, absence of the right thumb, and a posterior cleft of palate was delivered at 32 weeks of gestation. Cytogenetic studies including FISH showed a novel intrachromosomal triplication of the proximal long arm of chromosome 2 (q11.2-q21), resulting in tetrasomy for this segment. The middle repeat was inverted. At least 11 patients with intrachromosomal triplications have been reported, mostly involving chromosome 15q. The mechanism involved in formation of these rearrangements is compatible with U-type exchange events among three chromatids.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = kidney (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/490. Two new cases of Cumming syndrome confirming autosomal recessive inheritance.We report on two stillborn sisters with generalized hydrops, campomelia, cervical lymphocele, and polycystic dysplasia of kidney, liver, and pancreas. This syndrome conforms to that first described by Cumming et al. [Am. J. Med. Genet. 25:783-790, 1986]. This observation provides additional support for the notion that this syndrome has an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = kidney (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/490. Polycystic kidney disease in tuberous sclerosis complex: case report.tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an inherited neurocutaneous disorder characterised by seizures, mental retardation, cutaneous lesions and visceral harmatoma. We describe a 4 1/2-year old boy in whom in addition to the commonly described features of TSC, adult-type polycystic kidneys, a scantily reported occurrence, was an associated feature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 21.416740757891keywords = polycystic kidney, kidney disease, kidney (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/490. Crossed ectopia of solitary kidney. A report of two cases and a review of the literature.Two cases of crossed ectopia of solitary kidney found in two boys are present. This rare anomaly has been accompanied by imperforate anus and inguinal hernia in one boy and by imperforate anus, urethrorectal fistula, cryptorchism, and penoscrotal and vertebral anomalies in the other. 21 cases have been collected and the present two patients appear to be the 22nd and 23rd cases reported in the world literature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = kidney (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/490. An unusual case of the complete Currarino triad: case report, discussion of the literature and the embryogenic implications.OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: We present and illustrate an unusual case of the complete familial Currarino triad (an association between a bony sacral defect, a presacral mass, and an anorectal malformation) in which the teratoma arose from the conus medullaris and contained mature neurons, glia, and branching ependymal canals that were in communication with a terminal syrinx. The embryogenic implications are discussed. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: The patient was a term neonate when discovered to have imperforate anus. Further workup revealed lumbosacral dysraphism with a presacral mass, a rectovaginal fistula, and a single pelvic kidney. The family pedigree revealed a familial transmission pattern; the patient had a second cousin with anal atresia and a first cousin with similar sacral anomalies. The motor level was L4 with trace L5, and there was absent sensation in the sacral dermatomes. INTERVENTION: A diverting colostomy was performed on Day 14, and the infant returned at 3 months of age to undergo near-total resection through the previous abdominal approach. Only a subtotal resection was possible because the mass arose from the low-lying conus and was firmly adherent to the sacral nerve roots and iliac vessel. Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging performed 18 months after surgery revealed that the residual tumor had not progressed. CONCLUSION: Complete Currarino triad is rare and is familial in half of the cases. The special features of the tumor in our case were the presence of mature neurons with ependymal canals and its origin from the conus. The possible embryogenesis may provide evidence that the caudal notochord is important for organized secondary neurulation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = kidney (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/490. Complete duplication of bladder and urethra in the coronal plane in a girl: case report and review of the literature.An unusual case of complete duplication of the bladder and urethra in the coronal plane associated with left ectopic kidney, duplication of the clitoris and a chondrolipomatous malformation in the pelvic region in a girl is reported. The accessory bladder was located posterolateral to the normal bladder and a ureteric opening into the accessory bladder was found. The malformation was initially identified by US and cystography and confirmed by cystoscopy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = kidney (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/490. Does the tuberous sclerosis complex include intracranial aneurysms? A case report with a review of the literature.BACKGROUND: tuberous sclerosis is a protean, genetically determined disease that may involve any organ or tissue and lead to a great number of symptoms and clinical features. OBJECTIVE: diagnosis can be very difficult in cases with incomplete manifestations (formes fruste) lacking the classic signs of the disease. MATERIALS AND methods: We report a case fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for tuberous sclerosis (shagreen patches, hypomelanotic macules, renal cysts and angiomyolipomas, and "migration tracts" in the cerebral white matter) in association with a giant intracranial aneurysm, but lacking mental retardation, epilepsy and facial angiofibroma. RESULTS: Fourteen other cases of tuberous sclerosis and intracranial aneurysms, all but one without any clear sign of polycystic kidney disease, were found in the literature. CONCLUSION: We suggest that vascular dysplasias in general and aneurysms (mainly intracranial) in particular can be added to the other non-primary diagnostic features for the clinical diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 19.319025462354keywords = polycystic kidney, polycystic kidney disease, kidney disease, kidney (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/490. Successful therapy in a child with a congenital peripheral medulloepithelioma and disruption of hindquarter development.PURPOSE: Medulloepithelioma is an embryonal multipotential neuroepithelial tumor with a striking potential for divergent differentiation. It is usually intraocular or intracerebral and associated with a good prognosis only if completely surgically excised. Data regarding therapy in children with incompletely resected tumors are limited. PATIENT AND methods: A girl was born with a large, peripheral, congenital medulloepithelioma associated with complete absence of the left hindquarter and anus. Plain film, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated complete absence of the left kidney and hemipelvis. A subtotal resection of the mass and reconstruction of the tumor-related anatomical defects were performed. RESULTS: Pathologic examination showed neuroglia and pseudostratified neuroectoderm diagnostic of medulloepithelioma. She was treated with multiagent chemotherapy including vincristine, cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, carboplatin, and etoposide. She is now 50 months of age and developing normally without recurrent disease. CONCLUSIONS: A child with an incompletely resected congenital peripheral medulloepithelioma who has experienced long-term disease-free survival after treatment with chemotherapy is described. This report supports a role for adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of children with peripheral medulloepithelioma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = kidney (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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