1/60. Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis associated with small cell carcinoma of the prostate.A 76-year-old man with primary small cell carcinoma of the prostate died after a subacute illness marked by memory loss and truncal ataxia Post-mortem examination of the central nervous system was consistent with limbic encephalitis and cerebellar degeneration. Although limbic encephalitis is a known complication of small cell carcinoma of the lung, this seems to be the first reported case of limbic encephalitis associated with small cell carcinoma of the prostate. Implications with respect to diagnosis and therapy are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/60. choroid plexus metastasis from carcinoma of the bladder: case report and review of the literature.We present here a case report of a 40-year old male with adenocarcinoma of the bladder and solitary metastasis to the choroid plexus of the right lateral ventricle. This is the first such report of such a metastasis in association with bladder carcinoma. Systemic metastases frequently occur in patients with carcinoma of the bladder but involvement of central nervous system is relatively uncommon: less than 1% of patients with carcinoma of the bladder present an intracerebral metastasis. In the majority of cases there are either multiple CNS metastases or other distant metastases. A few cases present with solitary metastases to the CNS without evidence of recurrent or disseminated disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/60. cisplatin ototoxicity, increased DPOAE amplitudes, and magnesium deficiency. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions.Outer hair cell (OHC) metabolism is blocked by cisplatin. Concurrent changes in the renal handling of magnesium occur because of the damage cisplatin causes to the renal proximal tubule cells within the thick ascending loop of henle. Although there is no evidence of cisplatin within the OHCs, there are significant levels of intracellular calcium, the antagonist to magnesium at the cell membrane. The OHC motile response is dependent on intracellular calcium. When the calcium current is suppressed by an antagonist, the extracellular OHC microphonic potential decreases. magnesium deficiency is known to produce hyperexcitability within the central nervous system, including fatal audiogenic seizures. In addition, increases in the amplitude of the auditory brainstem response wave V occur with aminoglycoside therapy and magnesium deficiency. This paper illustrates the amplitude growth of distortion product otoacoustic emissions in two patients treated with cisplatin and explores the possible underlying reasons why this may be related to magnesium metabolism.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/60. Contemporaneous bilateral forearm triceps metastases from adenocarcinoma of the lung.Haematogenous skeletal muscle metastases from non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are rare, and are even more uncommonly observed bilaterally. Usually, NSCLC metastasizes to the liver, adrenal glands, lung, bone, central nervous system and kidney. We report a case of a long-surviving patient with contemporaneous histologically proven bilateral muscle metastases in the right and left forearm triceps, from adenocarcinoma of the lung.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/60. Brain metastasis: first sign of colorectal carcinoma.The purpose of this study was to describe the detection of a brain metastasis as the first sign of colorectal carcinoma, without any liver and/or lung involvement. This finding demonstrates primarily the need for regular central nervous system investigation in diagnosing colorectal cancer and secondly that further, more thorough research into the biomolecular events involved in metastases from colorectal cancer is warranted.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/60. Transdural metastasis from adenocarcinoma of the prostate mimicking subdural hematoma: case report.BACKGROUND: Metastasis of prostatic adenocarcinoma to the nervous system is extremely rare and has been infrequently reported over the last several years. We describe the presentation, evaluation, and surgical intervention of a case of metastatic prostate carcinoma to the dura. CASE DESCRIPTION: This patient presented with symptoms and physical findings consistent with a subacute subdural hematoma in the setting of recently diagnosed adenocarcinoma of the prostate. He underwent a craniotomy for presumed subdural hematoma. The pathologic diagnosis was consistent with metastatic prostatic carcinoma. CONCLUSION: This case report demonstrates the need for broad differential diagnosis in the evaluation and treatment of patients presenting with seemingly straightforward subacute subdural hematomas.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.27898485538444keywords = nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/60. Spectrum of clinical manifestations of familial adenomatous polyposis.Familial adenomatous polyposis is an autosomal dominant disease that primarily involves the colon, but may involve other organs such as the central nervous system, ampulla of vater, liver, soft tissue and the remainder of the gastrointestinal tract. In this report we present the adenocarcinoma of the uterus and adenocarcinoma of the ovary as a new addition to the clinical spectrum of familial adenomatous polyposis. Due to the tendency for development of multiple primary carcinomas in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis, these patients need to be followed very closely for detection of new malignancies. If diagnosed early and treated accordingly, they could have a long-term postoperative survival.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/60. Metastatic carcinoma: an unusual cause of focal brain lesions in hiv infection.The most common causes of focal brain lesions (FBLs) in patients with hiv infection are cerebral toxoplasmosis, primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. neoplasms other than PCNSL are uncommon. We report a rare case of metastatic carcinoma causing an FBL in a patient with hiv infection. The diagnostic workup and further management of FBLs in hiv are outlined in this review. The standard approach includes a lumbar puncture and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis for cytology and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) dna testing by polymerase chain reaction. Empiric therapy for PCNSL is justifiable for patients with positive CSF EBV-dna test results and a positive single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scan, especially if there has been no response to antitoxoplasmosis therapy. Brain biopsy may be indicated, however, in select cases that do not meet these criteria in order to identify potentially treatable infections and PCNSL.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/60. Intrahepatic extramedullary hematopoietic tumor mimicking metastatic carcinoma from a colonic primary.BACKGROUND: Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is associated with a number of diseases in which the normal function of the bone marrow is disturbed. While organs with hemopoietic capacity like the liver and spleen are most commonly involved, EMH has also occasionally been found in other organs like the adrenal gland, lymph nodes, breast, thymus, small bowel and central nervous system. However, presentation of a myeloproliferative disorder, such as EMH in these organs is a rare event. CASE REPORT: We report clinical and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) findings in a patient who presented with intrahepatic EMH which mimicked metastatic carcinoma from a colonic primary. RESULTS: Ultrasound-guided FNA of the intrahepatic mass revealed megakaryocytes and myelocytes thus establishing the diagnosis of EMH. CONCLUSIONS: EMH is an unusual condition that can mimic other solid masses of the liver. Because radiologic findings are not specific, EMH should be considered in the differential diagnosis, especially in patients with a myeloproliferative disorder. FNA and subsequent cytopathological interpretation of the aspirates enables avoidance of unnecessary potentially hazardous surgery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/60. Anti-Hu associated paraneoplastic sensory neuronopathy with upper motor neurone involvement.Paraneoplastic neurological syndrome is characterised by neuronal degeneration with lymphocytic infiltration in various regions of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Motor neurone symptoms may occur as a remote effect of malignancy, and have been considered because of the involvement of lower motor neurones. A case is reported of an 80 year old woman suffering from paraneoplastic sensory neuronopathy with anti-Hu antibody. Postmortem examination showed adenocarcinoma of the gall bladder and small cell carcinoma of the duodenum. Neuronal loss with lymphocytic infiltration was found in the dorsal root ganglia, brain stem, and cerebellum. Despite the absence of upper motor neurone signs, there was severe loss of Betz cells and degeneration of the bilateral pyramidal tracts. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of upper motor neurone involvement in anti-Hu associated paraneoplatic syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.27898485538444keywords = nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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