1/29. Acute follicular conjunctivitis caused by adenovirus type 34.PURPOSE: Adenovirus type 34 belongs to adenovirus subgenus B. The prototype virus of adenovirus 34 was isolated from a renal transplant recipient. However, no case of acute conjunctivitis caused by adenovirus 34 has been reported. Recently, we encountered two cases of acute follicular conjunctivitis in which adenovirus 34 was isolated. methods: The clinical isolates were identified by the standard neutralization test. The sequences of seven hypervariable regions in the hexon protein of these cases were compared with those of several prototype strains of adenovirus subgenus B. RESULTS: The cases were middle-aged, 34 and 41 years old, and male, and they exhibited moderate conjunctivitis with upper respiratory tract symptoms. Isolates from cell culture were identified as adenovirus 34 by NT. The mean homology rate (percentage of total number of coincident amino acids in the total length of amino acids in seven hypervariable regions) between clinical isolates and the adenovirus 34 prototype was 96.5%; in contrast, those between clinical isolates and the prototypes of adenovirus 11, adenovirus 14, and adenovirus 35 were 55.6%, 66.7%, and 57.9%, respectively. The results of conventional serotyping by neutralization test were confirmed by these values. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that adenovirus 34 may induce acute conjunctivitis in immunocompetent subjects and that special attention should be paid to adenovirus 34 as a causative agent for adenoviral conjunctivitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = conjunctivitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/29. Coexistent adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis and acanthamoeba keratitis.A 17-year-old youth presented with bilateral follicular conjunctivitis and nummular subepithelial corneal infiltrates. Failure of this to settle in an outpatient setting led to corneal scraping with microscopy and culturing for bacteria, fungi, herpes simplex, adenovirus and Acanthamoeba as an inpatient. polymerase chain reaction analysis of corneal cells was positive for adenovirus, and culture on live escherichia coli-coated agar plates was positive for Acanthamoeba by phase contrast microscopy on day two. We conclude that Acanthomoeba infection can complicate adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis. This observation is in keeping with previously reported modes of infection by Acanthamoeba, whereby any epithelial breach seems to allow inoculation of the eye by this opportunistic organism.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.66666666666667keywords = conjunctivitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/29. Two fatal cases of adenovirus-related illness in previously healthy young adults--illinois, 2000.Adenoviruses are common pathogens that often are associated with respiratory and gastrointestinal illness and/or conjunctivitis in young persons. Adenovirus serotypes 4 and 7 have caused outbreaks of self-limited febrile respiratory illness in young adults in basic military training. During the 1950s and 1960s, up to 10% of recruits were infected with adenovirus, and these pathogens were responsible for approximately 90% of pneumonia hospitalizations. Beginning in 1971, all military recruits received oral, live, enteric-coated vaccines that were licensed by the food and Drug Administration as safe and effective in preventing illness from adenovirus serotypes 4 and 7. In 1996, the sole manufacturer ceased production of adenoviral vaccines and, as supplies dwindled during the next few years, outbreaks of adenoviral respiratory illness reemerged in military settings. Since 1999, approximately 10%-12% of all recruits have become ill with adenovirus infection in basic training, similar to the prevaccine era. This report describes the first two deaths probably associated with adenovirus infection identified in military recruits since the vaccines became unavailable. The military has requested proposals for a new adenovirus vaccine manufacturer; however, these deaths suggest that efforts by policymakers and pharmaceutical companies to reestablish adenoviral vaccine production should be intensified.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.11111111111111keywords = conjunctivitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/29. genome typing of adenovirus type 34 isolated in two cases of conjunctivitis in Sapporo, japan.Two cases of conjunctivitis caused by adenovirus type 34 (Ad34) are reported. The isolates were identified as Ad34 by the neutralization test and the PCR-sequence method of the hexon gene but as Ad14 by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The genome types of these two isolates were identical to that of Ad34a.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.55555555555556keywords = conjunctivitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/29. Reactivation of presumed adenoviral keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis.We report a patient with reactivation of presumed adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) to correct high myopia. The preoperative refraction was -13.00 diopters (D) in the right eye and -14.00 D in the left eye, and the best corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes. On the first postoperative day, mild conjunctival hyperemia and multiple subepithelial infiltrations localized in the flap zone consistent with adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis were seen. After prompt treatment, the lesions resolved. As a consequence, LASIK successfully corrected the high myopia. Adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis can be reactivated after LASIK, unlike after photorefractive keratectomy, despite the absence of symptomatic and clinical findings before the procedure.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = conjunctivitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/29. Acute adenoviral infection of a graft by serotype 35 following renal transplantation.Adenoviral infections of immunocompetent patients usually present as self-limiting pharyngitis, gastroenteritis, urocystitis, or conjunctivitis. In immunosuppressed patients, development of the illness can be severe, even life-threatening or fatal, and therapeutical intervention is difficult. Previous case reports of adenoviral infections after kidney transplantation have described a symptomatology of hemorrhagic cystitis, fever, renal dysfunction, and rarely fatal systemic dissemination. Here we report on a 46-year-old female renal transplant recipient suffering from adenoviral serotype 35 nephritis of the donor organ 29 days after transplantation. In this case, the main symptoms of the adenoviral infection were high fever and progressive renal failure of the transplanted organ. At the peak of the clinical symptoms, owing to histological and immunohistochemical evaluations of a kidney biopsy, we were able to establish the diagnosis in time so that adequate therapy could be employed. immunosuppression was reduced and modified, and a self-limiting course of the infection was observed, followed by significant improvement of graft function. Subsequent to histological diagnosis, adenoviral particles were isolated from urine and identified as adenovirus serotype 35. Adenoviral nephritis of the transplanted organ should be considered in the differential diagnosis of persistent anuria after kidney transplantation. Our case highlights the importance of applying all possible diagnostic techniques, including histological evaluation of renal biopsies.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.11111111111111keywords = conjunctivitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/29. Characterisation of hexon and fibre genes of a novel strain of adenovirus involved in epidemic keratoconjunctivitis.AIMS: To characterise a novel strain (M86) of adenovirus (Ad) involved in epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC). methods/RESULTS: The virus strain was neutralised by antisera to both Ad35 and Ad11. Restriction endonuclease analysis of genomic dna showed 98% and 88% homology with Ad11 and Ad35, respectively. The deduced amino acid sequence of the hypervariable regions of (HVRs) of the hexon gene showed a higher homology with Ad35 (94.4%) than with Ad11 (83.7%). However, it was 100% homologous to Ad35 in HVRs 1, 2, 3, and 6 and to Ad11 in HVRs 4 and 6. In the fibre knob, the isolate was more homologous to Ad11 (99.4%) than to Ad35 (29.1%). CONCLUSION: This novel strain of adenovirus showed similarities with both Ad11 and Ad35. The isolation of a novel strain like Ad35 11 is important because of its association with EKC.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.55555555555556keywords = conjunctivitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/29. Subepithelial infiltrates associated to viral keratoconjunctivitis following photorefractive keratectomy.PURPOSE: To report three cases of adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis in patients who have undergone photorefractive keratectomy and that just developed subepithelial infiltrates. methods: Description of patients that developed postoperative adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis after photorefractive keratectomy without influence in the final visual outcome. RESULTS: All patients presented adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis 2-3 months after refractive surgery. They developed multiple pinpoint subepithelial infiltrates in six eyes, without haze development. The final uncorrected visual acuity was better or equal to 20/30. CONCLUSION: Although patients undergoing photorefractive keratectomy might develop severe corneal scarring following ocular infections, such events may follow their natural evolution.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.77777777777778keywords = conjunctivitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/29. Diffuse lamellar keratitis and corneal edema associated with viral keratoconjunctivitis 2 years after laser in situ keratomileusis.A 47-year-old woman with a history of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) 2 years previously for myopia and astigmatism, presented with bilateral loss of vision due to diffuse lamellar keratitis (DLK) with corneal edema in the context of a pseudomembranous viral keratoconjunctivitis. After intense and early treatment with topical corticosteroids, the corneal edema and DLK resolved and corneal transparency was achieved with complete restoration of visual acuity. This case shows that DLK may occur associated with a viral pseudomembranous keratoconjunctivitis in patients who have had LASIK. Diffuse lamellar keratitis may present up to 2 years after lamellar surgery, which would indicate that the plane created by the microkeratome at the interface may remain unhealed for at least this period of time. early diagnosis and treatment with topical corticosteroids can achieve complete resolution without visual loss.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.66666666666667keywords = conjunctivitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/29. Quantitation of adenovirus genome during acute infection in normal children.BACKGROUND: Adenovirus infection causes a wide range of clinical illness in normal children. New molecular techniques allow quantitation of viral genome to study the natural history of adenovirus infection and viral load in normal children. methods: Clinical samples were collected from 38 previously healthy, febrile children, and viral cultures were performed. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect adenovirus genome and to determine viral load. Adenovirus isolates were genotyped with a PCR-based assay. RESULTS: Adenovirus culture was positive in 6 children who were diagnosed with acute adenovirus infection. Throat swabs contained high copy numbers of adenovirus genome (1.6 x 10(6)-6 x 10(7) copies/swab) from 4 of 4 adenovirus culture-positive children. Only 2 of 32 adenovirus culture-negative children had detectable adenovirus genome from throat swabs, but with a lower copy number (8 x 10(2) copies/swab). Adenovirus genome was not detected in blood samples from 5 of 6 adenovirus culture-positive children with uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection and from all adenovirus culture-negative children. High level viremia (1.8 x 10(8)/ml) was detected in an adenovirus culture-positive 6-month-old infant with fever, pneumonia, conjunctivitis and hepatitis. Subsequent reduction in viral load paralleled her clinical recovery. Adenovirus viruria (1 x 10(9) copies/ml) with normal urinanalysis was detected in another adenovirus culture-positive child. All 6 adenovirus isolates were genotyped as adenovirus type 7h. CONCLUSION: viral load assessment in clinical samples determined by quantitative PCR can be useful in the diagnosis of adenovirus infection in immunocompetent, febrile children.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.11111111111111keywords = conjunctivitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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