1/37. Alopecia universalis in a patient with common variable immunodeficiency.A 12-year-old boy with common variable immunodeficiency (CVI) who developed severe alopecia is presented. His sister also had alopecia and recurrent infections and died of lung infection at the age of 7 years. The loss of hair in both children was total; the pathology of a scalp skin biopsy specimen was typical for alopecia areata. The boy was subjected to clinical and immunologic evaluation and the results were compatible with common variable immunodeficiency.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = scalp (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/37. alopecia areata with features of loose anagen hair.A child with alopecia areata (AA) presented initially with clinical features of loose anagen hair (LAH) and had features consistent with LAH on microscopic hair analysis. However, a scalp biopsy specimen demonstrated peribulbar inflammatory infiltrates characteristic of AA. We suggest that AA may mimic LAH clinically and a scalp biopsy may help in making the correct diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = scalp (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/37. Lupus panniculitis clinically simulating alopecia areata.A 27-year-old woman with a known history of lupus erythematosus presented with two circumscribed patches of non-scarring alopecia closely resembling alopecia areata. scalp biopsy showed a predominantly subcutaneous and deep dermal lymphocytic infiltrate that surrounded the deep follicular segments and hair bulbs, as well as the eccrine glands. There was associated hyaline fat sclerosis. The epidermis, infundibular and isthmus segments of follicles were relatively spared and lacked the lichenoid inflammation and fibrosis seen with lupus erythematosus. The biopsy findings illustrate that the deep variant of lupus panniculitis may be concentrated around the hair bulbs and deep temporary segments of hair follicles and spare the permanent stem cell-rich follicular segments. This pattern is capable of producing a temporary hair-loss, clinically simulating alopecia areata. The clinical history, presence of subtle erythema and scalp tenderness on physical examination, as well as the biopsy findings, were important clues in distinguishing our case from a true combination of alopecia areata and lupus erythematosus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = scalp (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/37. panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma clinically manifested as alopecia.A 45-year-old women presented with multifocal scalp lesions with the clinical impression of alopecia areata. Histological findings first suggested cytophagic histiocytic panniculitis, although a 'burned-out' panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma could not be excluded. After a 20-month follow-up period, assessment of the T-cell receptor gamma-chain gene rearrangement verified the diagnosis of subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma. This case is interesting because of its isolated scalp manifestation as well as its indolent course.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = scalp (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/37. Acute diffuse and total alopecia of the female scalp. A new subtype of diffuse alopecia areata that has a favorable prognosis.BACKGROUND: Although alopecia areata (AA) usually starts with focal lesions of hair loss and then presents several different clinical forms, AA may begin as diffuse hair loss. We examined 9 female patients who presented with acute, diffuse and total hair loss of the scalp and took a similar clinical course with a favorable prognosis. OBJECTIVE: To categorize such cases as a new subgroup of diffuse alopecia. methods: We studied 9 patients who showed acute, diffuse and total hair loss of the scalp within 1 month after their first visit to our hospital by comparing their clinical course, laboratory tests and histopathological findings with those of common, patchy AA, alopecia totalis or alopecia universalis. RESULTS: None of the patients had a background of systemic diseases or telogen effluvium. All the patients were female, and 8 of the 9 cases recovered cosmetically acceptable hair growth within 6 months regardless of steroid administration. The histology of he lesions was indistinguishable from that of AA except for a remarkable eosinophilic infiltrate. CONCLUSIONS: These cases can be categorized as a new subtype of inflammatory noncicatricial alopecia that is characterized by a marked female predominance, tissue eosinophilia and uniquely short clinical course. We suggest to name it 'acute diffuse and total alopecia of the female scalp (ADTAFS)'.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7keywords = scalp (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/37. Turner's syndrome associated with psoriasis and alopecia areata.Turner's syndrome is a sex chromosomal abnormality characterized by gonadal failure, short stature, skeletal and medical anomalies due to structural defects or monosomy of the x chromosome. The association between this syndrome and autoimmune diseases has been reported in the literature. This case report highlights the finding of two immunological skin diseases, alopecia areata and psoriasis, in an 18-year-old girl with Turner's syndrome. By the time of her referral to the Department of dermatology, Verona University (italy) the girl had suffered from psoriasis on the scalp for 5 years and alopecia for 6 months; the diagnoses were confirmed by histological evaluation. Topical therapy was useful for the treatment of the psoriatic lesions but not for the alopecia areata. alopecia areata and psoriasis occurring together in Turner's syndrome may indicate some genetic relationship and could support the concept that these patients have the tendency to develop autoimmune or immunological diseases. anxiety, depression and unsatisfactory relationships could have been important trigger factors in our patient. Multidisciplinary management, including psychological, educational and behavioural techniques, in addition to other therapies, could be useful in treating these conditions.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = scalp (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/37. Localized scalp hair shedding caused by Pheidole ants and overwiew of similar case reports.Localized hair shedding caused by Pheidole ants is reported as a newly recognized type of hair loss, mimicking alopecia areata. We report two cases from Kerman, iran. This sudden hair loss demonstrates that ants such as the Pheidole dimorphic species can cause hair shedding. Fairly clean cutting of the scalp hair takes place just a few micrometers above the skin surface and simulates alopecia areata or mechanical shaving of scalp hair. This infestation has not been reported from other countries, and this report is the second from iran.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = scalp (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/37. Simultaneously occurring alopecia areata and Hodgkin's lymphoma: complete remission of both diseases with MOPP/ABV chemotherapy.A 43-year-old man presented with simultaneously occurring alopecia areata and stage IIIB nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's disease. Systemic symptoms of Hodgkin's disease were present for 6 months, and rapidly developing patchy hair loss of the scalp was present for 2 weeks prior to presentation. The patient was treated with eight cycles of MOPP-ABV chemotherapy that resulted in complete remission of Hodgkin's-disease. Four months after the completion of chemotherapy, the patient had normal hair regrowth with no evidence of alopecia areata. alopecia areata may be an autoimmune disease and may respond to chemotherapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = scalp (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/37. Cutaneous angiosarcoma of the face and scalp presenting as alopecia.An 83-year-old woman presented with a 6-month history of hair loss and painless bruising involving her forehead and scalp. She was otherwise well. Skin biopsy of her scalp confirmed angiosarcoma with a significant increase in miniaturized and telogen hair follicles and some tumour-associated scarring hair loss. She was commenced on the chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel and then subsequently the semi-synthetic taxane docetaxol. Treatment was terminated because of lack of response and adverse effects. Alopecia is an uncommon presentation in angiosarcoma and in this case there was a mixed pattern of focal scarring and follicular miniaturization. The latter was present only in areas of tumour involvement and not in a typical pattern distribution for androgenetic alopecia. The direct role of tumour in follicular miniaturization and alopecia is speculated and the implications of this for novel future treatment strategies is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = scalp (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/37. Alopecia neoplastica caused by desmoplastic melanoma.A 50-year-old man presented with a 6-month history of localized alopecia on the left frontal area of the scalp. biopsy revealed desmoplastic melanoma with associated neurotropism. Wide excision was performed and showed desmoplastic melanoma extending to excision margins. hair follicles were focally reduced in number and were infiltrated by melanoma cells. He has subsequently required multiple wide excisions, exenteration of the left eye and radiotherapy. He has had multiple recurrences and has developed involvement of the first division of the trigeminal nerve intracranially. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of desmoplastic melanoma presenting as alopecia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = scalp (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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