1/442. twins with different temporal lobe malformations: schizencephaly and arachnoid cyst.The etiology and relationships between different forms of malformations of cortical development are poorly understood. Schizencephaly is generally regarded as unrelated to arachnoid cysts. As part of a systematic study of epilepsy in twins we observed a monozygotic twin pair discordant for temporal lobe epilepsy where the twin with epilepsy had unilateral temporal schizencephaly and periventricular heterotopia. The twin without epilepsy had an arachnoid cyst in the same temporal lobe. Although an incidental association is possible, this observation, together with occasional reports of schizencephaly and arachnoid cysts within one individual, suggests a shared pathogenic mechanism. Schizencephaly can be caused by both genetic and acquired factors. We propose that our observations in this twin pair are best explained by a genetic factor present in both twins, with an additional environmental insult resulting in schizencephaly in only one of the pair.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cyst (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/442. Spinal arachnoid cyst with weakness in the limbs and abdominal pain.A 7-year-old male admitted with neck rigidity, severe pain in the abdomen, and progressive weakness in the lower limbs was diagnosed as having a spinal intramedullary arachnoid cyst. There was a dramatic and immediate recovery after fenestration of the cyst.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.85714285714286keywords = cyst (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/442. Delayed postoperative CSF rhinorrhea of intrasellar arachnoid cyst.CSF rhinorrhea due to a transsphenoidal approach usually follows accidental or intentional arachnoid opening. We report a patient with an intrasellar arachnoid cyst, who developed delayed onset of CSF rhinorrhea. A sixty-two-year-old man presented with bitemporal type visual field defect for the last 3 years. With the diagnosis of arachnoid cyst or Rathke's cleft cyst, based on MRI findings of intra-and supra-sellar cyst with CSF intensity, he successfully underwent transsphenoidal surgery without evidence of intra-operative CSF leakage. He developed CSF rhinorrhea one week later. This needed another operation for sellar floor repair. The pathomechanism of this delayed onset is explained as follows. Incomplete or oneway communication of subarachnoid space to cyst cavity, unrecognized during surgery, might cause delayed onset of CSF rhinorrhea. By using MRI, identification of the residual gland, which was compressed posteriorly, is useful for differentiating an arachnoid cyst from other cystic lesions. In highly suspect cases, even without evidence of intra-operative CSF leakage, peri-operative measures to prevent occurrence of postoperative CSF rhinorrhea are required.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.5714285714286keywords = cyst (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/442. Paroxysmal kinesigenic choreoathetosis associated with frontotemporal arachnoid cyst--case report.A 17-year-old male presented with paroxysmal kinesigenic choreoathetosis (PKC) associated with frontotemporal arachnoid cyst. xenon-133 single photon emission computed tomography detected a slight but equivocal decrease in regional cerebral blood flow in the vicinity of basal ganglia associated with the PKC episodes. PKC continued after surgical removal of the cyst but was well controlled by oral administration of carbamazepine. Whether the pathogenesis of symptomatic PKC was associated with the cortical lesion could not be determined in the present case.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.85714285714286keywords = cyst (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/442. Intradiploic arachnoid cyst with extensive deformation of craniofacial osseous structures: case report.OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: A unique case of a large intradiploic arachnoid cyst involving craniofacial osseous structures is reported. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: The patient presented with a hard mass in the right frontal region, proptosis, and inferior globe displacement. Computed tomography revealed an intraosseous cyst of cerebrospinal fluid intensity with extension from the anterior cranial fossa to the infratemporal fossa. INTERVENTION: After resection of the cyst wall and closure of two small round dural defects, the involved craniofacial region was reconstructed. CONCLUSION: The medical history of the patient and the intraoperative observations support the contention that the cyst in the reported case was congenital in origin. The features concerned with diagnosis and pathogenesis of this rare entity are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.1428571428571keywords = cyst (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/442. Development of a middle fossa arachnoid cyst. A theory on its pathogenesis.The progression of congenital arachnoid cysts has seldom been documented. We report the case of a child who was diagnosed with arrested hydrocephalus at the age of 13 months. neuroimaging studies performed when the girl was 22 months old showed the appearance of an arachnoid cyst in the right middle fossa, while the previously enlarged ventricles seemed to have decreased in size. To the best of our knowledge, the paradoxical expansion of an arachnoid pouch following a reduction in the size of the ventricular system has not previously been documented. We advance the hypothesis that the development of some cases of arachnoid cyst might be pathogenically related to impaired CSF dynamics associated with pre-existing hydrocephalus. We also briefly review the pertinent literature on the formation and evolution of congenital cerebral arachnoid cysts.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.1428571428571keywords = cyst (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/442. The Chiari II malformation: lesions discovered within the fourth ventricle.Structural lesions associated with the Chiari II malformation have been identified within the fourth ventricle in 8 patients. During the 42-month period encompassing the operations of the 7 patients treated surgically, only 9 other patients were explored without the discovery of some associated structural lesion. The patients ranged in age from 2 to 26 years. The following lesions were identified: glial or arachnoidal cysts (3 patients), glial or choroidal nodules (3 patients) and subependymoma (2 patients). These lesions were all situated in the roof of the fourth ventricle adjacent to or interspersed with the choroid plexus. Only the cystic lesions were identified by preoperative imaging. In only 1 case did the associated lesion, a 2-cm cyst, seem to contribute to the patient's clinical presentation. Structural lesions of the fourth ventricle associated with the Chiari II malformation are common in patients who are submitted to decompression. These lesions may be dysplasias of developmental origin, or they may be reactive lesions related to chronic compression and ischemia. They do not necessarily required biopsy or excision.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.42857142857143keywords = cyst (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/442. Heading injury precipitating subdural hematoma associated with arachnoid cysts--two case reports.A 14-year-old boy and a 11-year-old boy presented with subdural hematomas as complications of preexisting arachnoid cysts in the middle cranial fossa, manifesting as symptoms of raised intracranial pressure. Both had a history of heading the ball in a soccer game about 7 weeks and 2 days before the symptom occurred. There was no other head trauma, so these cases could be described as "heading injury." arachnoid cysts in the middle cranial fossa are often associated with subdural hematomas. We emphasize that mild trauma such as heading of the ball in a soccer game may cause subdural hematomas in patients with arachnoid cysts.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cyst (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/442. Endoscopic ventriculocystocisternostomy of a quadrigeminal cistern arachnoid cyst. Case report.The authors present the case of an elderly patient with a quadrigeminal arachnoid cyst who was successfully treated with endoscopic fenestration through the posterior wall of the third ventricle via the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle. This 71-year-old man suffered from progressive gait instability and disorientation. Radiological examination revealed hydrocephalus caused by a quadrigeminal arachnoid cyst. The patient underwent endoscopic fenestration of the quadrigeminal cistern arachnoid cyst and third ventriculostomy via one burr hole placed at the coronal suture. This method is less invasive and is effective for quadrigeminal cistern arachnoid cyst and accompanying hydrocephalus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.7142857142857keywords = cyst (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/442. "Growing fontanelle": a serious complication of difficult vacuum extraction.Growing skull fractures in combination with leptomeningeal cysts are well known in childhood. A rare case of a growing fontanelle due to a leptomeningeal cyst is presented. The cyst occurred due to a traumatic delivery with vacuum extraction. Operative repair of the cyst revealed a dural tear at the border of the fontanelle. The imaging findings are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.57142857142857keywords = cyst (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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