1/110. Staphylococcal coronary arteritis as a complication of septicemia.We describe a case of staphylococcal coronary arteritis in the setting of sepsis due to arteriovenous fistula and dialysis catheter infection. The left circumflex coronary artery was the only vessel involved. The patient was a 77-year-old, insulin-dependent diabetic man with chronic renal failure. The immunosuppressed state in diabetes with subsequent septicemia may have facilitated a large number of bacteria to lodge in the atheromatous plaque of the coronary artery. We briefly review previously reported cases and suggest that bacterial arteritis may be an underrecognized cause of acute coronary occlusion.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = artery (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/110. Subclavian arteritis and pseudoaneurysm formation secondary to stent infection.Technically uncomplicated percutaneous angioplasty and stent placement of a left subclavian artery stenosis was performed in a 56-year-old man for treatment of subclavian steal syndrome and vertebrobasilar insufficiency. Six days later the patient was readmitted with staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and stigmata of septic emboli isolated to the ipsilateral hand. Nine days later he had computed tomography (CT) evidence of a contrast-enhancing phlegmon surrounding the stent. Despite clinical improvement and resolution of bacteremia on intravenous antibiotic therapy, the phlegmon progressed, and at day 21 a pseudoaneurysm was angiographically confirmed. The patient underwent surgical removal of the stented arterial segment and successful autogenous arterial reconstruction. The possible contributory factors leading to stent infection were prolonged right femoral artery access and an infected left arm venous access. Although the role of prophylactic antibiotics remains to be defined, it may be important in cases where the vascular access sheath remains in place for a prolonged period of time.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = artery (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/110. Spontaneous arteriovenous fistula resulting from hiv arteritis.Arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are uncommon and usually follow trauma or preceding arterial catheterization or puncture. Spontaneous AVFs are rare. A case of spontaneous AVF of the superficial femoral artery and vein in an hiv-infected patient is presented. Histologic examination of the artery showed features similar to those seen in hiv-related large-vessel aneurysms. It would appear that spontaneous AVF are part of the spectrum of macrovascular arteritis related to hiv infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = artery (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/110. Perinuclear-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies are associated with vasculitis.We describe a 62-year-old man with perinuclear-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-associated vasculitis, which involved the heart, lung, and kidneys. The patient's care was complicated by total occlusions of the brachiocephalic and right renal arteries and a stenosis of the left renal artery. Involvement of large-sized vessels has not been reported in patients with perinuclear-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-associated vasculitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = artery (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/110. Arteritis and brachial plexus neuropathy as delayed complications of radiation therapy.radiation-induced arteritis of large vessels and brachial plexus neuropathy are uncommon delayed complications of local radiation therapy. We describe a 66-year-old woman with right arm discomfort, weakness, and acrocyanosis that developed 21 years after local radiation for breast adenocarcinoma. Arteriography revealed arteritis, with ulcerated plaque formation at the subclavian-axillary artery junction, consistent with radiation-induced disease, and diffuse irregularity of the axillary artery. electromyography showed a chronic brachial plexopathy. The patient's acrocyanosis, thought to be due to digital embolization from her vascular disease, improved with antiplatelet therapy. The concurrent combination of radiation-induced arteritis and brachial plexopathy is uncommon but should be considered in patients presenting with upper extremity pain or weakness after radiation therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = artery (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/110. Large vessel arteritis in relapsing polychondritis.A healthy 58-year-old woman presented with recurrent swelling and pain of the nose and both auricules. Bruits were heard over both carotid arteries. magnetic resonance angiography revealed stenosis of both internal carotid arteries. Relapsing polychondritis was diagnosed. These symptoms improved after treatment with prednisolone and azathioprine. Although relapsing polychondritis is sometimes associated with systemic vasculitis, large vessel arteritis is rare and can negatively affect prognosis. We conclude that the detection of systemic vascular lesions, including those involving the central nervous system, can play an important role in the diagnosis of relapsing polychondritis and that early treatment is essential for a good outcome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.3918234453856keywords = carotid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/110. Multiple occlusive retinal arteritis in both eyes of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.PURPOSE: To report multiple occlusive retinal arteritis as a complication of rheumatoid arthritis. CASE: A 67-year-old woman developed superotemporal branch retinal artery occlusion in both eyes, together with arterial sheathing and large cotton wool patches around the optic disc, in the course of rheumatoid arthritis with moderate activity. OBSERVATIONS: fluorescein angiography disclosed delayed filling of the superotemporal retinal artery in the right eye and no filling of the superotemporal artery in the left eye. In addition, segmental absence of filling was found in peripheral branches of the other major retinal arteries in both eyes. After hyperbaric oxygen therapy and intravenous administration of prostaglandin E1 and urokinase for 2 weeks, there was improvement in her vision. CONCLUSION: Multiple occlusive retinal arteritis in rheumatoid arthritis can manifest as retinal artery occlusion. Rheumatoid arthritis should be included in the differential diagnosis of bilateral retinal artery occlusion.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.5keywords = artery (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/110. Fatal subarachnoid hemorrhage, with brainstem and cerebellar infarction, caused by aspergillus infection after cerebral aneurysm surgery: case report.OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Intracranial aspergillosis has been reported to cause subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) attributable to ruptured mycotic aneurysms. We describe a case of aspergillus arteritis that caused SAH without aneurysm formation, followed by successive brainstem and cerebellar infarction. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 50-year-old woman experienced a sudden onset of headache. Computed tomography demonstrated SAH. After angiography revealed an aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery, a complete neck-clipping operation was performed, without neurological deterioration. However, the patient experienced another episode of SAH on the 26th postoperative day. INTERVENTION: We repeated the craniotomy and confirmed that the clip was still intact. A second angiographic evaluation did not reveal an aneurysm or any other cause of hemorrhage. On the 30th postoperative day, magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated cerebellar infarction in the territory of the anteroinferior cerebellar artery. The patient died on the 40th postoperative day, after another episode of SAH and progressive cerebellar and brainstem infarction. The postmortem examination revealed destruction of the basilar artery and occlusion of the basilar and vertebral arteries attributable to aspergillus arteritis. CONCLUSION: When a patient presents with SAH of unknown origin followed by cerebral infarction, aspergillus arteritis should be included in the differential diagnosis. Earlier recognition of this fungal infection improves the prognosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.5keywords = artery (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/110. Large artery involvement in giant cell (temporal) arteritis.Of 248 patients with giant cell arteritis, 34 had evidence that the disease affected the aorta or its major branches. Symptoms suggestive of large artery involvement were intermittent claudication of an extremity, paresthesias, and Raynaud's phenomenon. Physical findings included absent or decreased large artery pulses and bruits over large arteries. Four patients presented with decreased upper extremity pulses as the initial manifestation of their arteritis. Nine other patients under treatment for temporal arteritis or polymyalgia rheumatica first developed evidence of large artery involvement as corticosteroid therapy was tapered or discontinued. Angiography, performed in 10 patients, was helpful in indicating arteritis rather than atherosclerosis as the cause of large artery disease. Three patients died with aortic rupture, and, at autopsy, widespread giant cell arteritis was found. However, when corticosteroids were given in adequate doses, the response was favorable in most patients; intermittent claudication decreased and the pulses improved.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5.7805929182159keywords = atherosclerosis, artery (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/110. radiation arteritis following treatment for Wilms' tumor: an unusual case of weight loss.Wilms' tumor is the most common pediatric primary renal cancer and is highly responsive to surgery and chemotherapy. The role of radiotherapy has evolved in the last three decades from the use of stepwise incremental doses in all patients to the current concept of added radiotherapy in advanced cases or in those with unfavorable pathology. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of a young woman with prior history of Wilms' tumor and significant weight loss due to radiation arteritis involving the abdominal vasculature. A 31-year-old woman presented with a history of weight loss and severe malnutrition. An angiogram revealed that the aorta was occluded below the renal artery. The celiac artery and the superior mesenteric artery were occluded at the origin, and large intercostal collaterals reconstituted the pelvic circulation. She was initially treated with total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and underwent an infrarenal aortic bypass surgery. Histopathology of the aorta revealed intimal fibrocalcific thickening and changes consistent with radiation-induced arteritis. Later, she was readmitted with progressive hepatic insufficiency. Despite intensive medical therapy, she died of multi-organ failure.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.5keywords = artery (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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