1/10. Ocular fundus images by scanning laser ophthalmoscopy in a patient with enhanced S-cone syndrome.PURPOSE: To present ocular fundus images in a patient with enhanced S-cone syndrome by scanning laser ophthalmoscopy. A 34-year-old Japanese woman whose parents were consanguineous showed mismatched electroretinographic responses to photopically balanced single-flash stimuli, with a larger signal to blue light than to red light. The central macula lacked a foveal reflex, and the surface was dull. Yellowish flecks and retinal pigment epithelium atrophy were evident in a ring at and around the vascular arcades. Faint black pigmentation was deposited in the mid peripheral retina. methods: The ocular fundus of the patient was observed by scanning laser ophthalmoscopy with the use of an argon blue laser (wavelength, 488 nm), a helium-neon laser (633 nm), and an infrared laser (780 nm). RESULTS: The argon blue laser showed numerous black spots of pigment, which were observed as faint pigmentation by conventional ophthalmoscopy. The spots were more enhanced with the argon blue laser than with the helium-neon laser. The white spots, which corresponded to the yellowish flecks in a ring at and around the vascular arcades, were more enhanced with the helium-neon laser than with the argon blue or infrared laser. hypopigmentation of the retinal pigment epithelium was best shown with the infrared laser. CONCLUSION: An abnormality of the retinal structure in enhanced S-cone syndrome may exist in the inner and outer retinal levels, in at least some patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = black (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/10. Exogenous ochronosis and striae atrophicae following the use of bleaching creams.Exogenous ochronosis is a paradoxical hyper-pigmentation of the skin caused by the long-term use of hydroquinone-containing bleaching creams. ochronosis is an uncommon condition characterized by yellow-brown pigmented deposits in the dermis. We report two cases of exogenous ochronosis in two female patients of the sub-Saharan African population. The lesions were characterized by an asymptomatic hyper-pigmentation of the face with gradually progressive blue-black macular patches, and in case no. 2, in addition to dyschromic lesions, striae atrophicae were present. This phenomenon is the outcome of the use of skin care products containing high concentrations of hydroquinone- and glucocorticoid-based products, and, in addition, certain modalities in the use of bleaching products are likely to facilitate complications.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = black (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/10. Blackening of a choroidal hemangioma after photodynamic therapy.BACKGROUND: Photodynamic therapy has recently advanced to a first line treatment of symptomatic circumscribed choroidal hemangiomas. history AND SIGNS: A sixty-year-old male patient was referred with progressive visual loss in his left eye. visual acuity measured 20/80 and fundus examination revealed a prominent red subretinal lesion superior to the fovea with adjacent pigment epithelial irregularities. Thickening of the central retina was seen on OCT imaging. Sonography revealed a dome-shaped lesion with a maximal thickness of 3.3 mm and high internal reflectivity. Combined fundus indocyanine green and fluorescein angiography showed early filling of large vessels within the tumor. THERAPY AND OUTCOME: The hemangioma was treated with verteporphin photodynamic therapy. Two days after treatment, with vision unchanged, fundus examination revealed blackening of the tumor. Two months later vision increased to 20/40 and the tumor area was atrophic and bright red with a slight hyperpigmented rim. Angiography revealed the disappearance of tumor vessels and choroidal hypoperfusion in the area of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Choroidal hemangiomas may darken initially after photodynamic therapy. This is most probably caused by large coaguli within the voluminous lacuna-like blood-filled vessel system of the hemangioma that are induced by photothrombosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = black (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/10. Primary hyperaldosteronism due to a functional black (pigmented) adenoma of the adrenal cortex.The clinical and pathologic findings are reported in a case of primary hyperaldosteronism due to a functional black (pigmented) adenoma of the adrenal cortex. Cortical atrophy of the involved gland was present, the mechanism of which was obscure.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.5keywords = black (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/10. Concomitant unilateral idiopathic atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini (IAPP) and morphea. Observations supporting IAPP as a variant of morphea.A 17-year-old black man suddenly developed an unilateral eruption of clinically apparent lesions of idiopathic atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini (IAPP) and concomitant lesions of morphea. Histologically the lesions are indistinguishable. IAPP appears to be a variant of morphea.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = black (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/10. Retinal microangiopathy in pigmented paravenous chorioretinal atrophy.This report describes an atypical case of pigmented paravenous chorioretinal atrophy, associated with focal progressive peripheral retinal microangiopathy, in a 51-year-old black female. The eyes were asymmetrically involved. Although several cases have been reported with typical features of this uncommon entity, none of them have been known to be associated with retinal microangiopathy. The occurrence of such microangiopathy supports the hypothesis that damage to the retinal photoreceptors may induce retinal microangiopathy, as suggested in other clinical and experimental studies.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = black (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/10. Macular lesions in blacks with the presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome.Six black patients had fundus lesions diagnostic of the presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome. All patients had peripapillary changes or peripheral punched-out chorioretinal lesions, or both. Five of the six had macular subretinal neovascularization, disciform scarring, or an atrophic macular lesion, and one patient had a macular hole; four of five patients tested had a positive histoplasmin skin test. The macular involvement was bilateral in three of the six cases. HLA B-7 was present in one of four patients who had HLA typing. Macular involvement can occur in blacks with the presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = black (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/10. Cerebrovascular disease in sickle cell anemia: a clinical, pathological and radiological correlation.An opportunity to study cerebrovascular changes in sickle cell anemia (SCA) presented itself when a black child with this disorder died of bihemispheric strokes. Angiography demonstrated severe occlusive vascular disease involving primarily the circle of willis and major bifurcations of both internal carotid arteries. collateral circulation to the distal branches of the internal carotid arteries occurred through transdural anastomoses from the external carotid system and via the leptomeningeal route. perfusion of the basal ganglia was accomplished by vessels arising from the proximal internal carotid arteries. These changes resembled those of moyamoya disease. autopsy showed old and recent cerebral infarcts. Two vascular processes were responsible for the arterial occlusions: (1) exuberant intimal hyperplasia, and (2) old and recent thrombi with partial recanalization. The former has been described only once before in SCA. Small vessels in the basal ganglia were exceptionally numerous and dilated. We conclude that intimal hyperplasia within large cerebral arteries may be responsible for infarction and small vessel prliferation in basal ganglia in patients with SCA.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = black (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/10. Bilateral primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease--a case of report describing a rare cause of Cushing's syndrome.A case of Cushing's syndrome due to bilateral pigmented nodular adrenal disease in a 35-year-old male is presented. The adrenals showed multiple, black, variable sized nodules. Histologically the cells contained lipofuscin and either had a clear cytoplasm or an eosinophilic cytoplasm with a prominent nucleus. Lymphocytic infiltration and fatty metaplasia within the nodules are two of the prominent histological features. There is extreme internodular atrophy which suggests that primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease is a non-adrenocorticotropic hormone dependent condition. Since the disorder appears to involve primarily the cortex of both adrenals, the treatment of choice is bilateral adrenalectomy followed by steroid replacement. The characteristic clinicopathological manifestations that separate this diagnosis from other types of adrenal disease are also discussed. This is the first reported case in korea to be documented with the pertinent clinicopathological findings.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = black (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/10. Pigmented paravenous retinochoroidal atrophy (PPRCA) with optic disc drusen.Pigmented paravenous retinochoroidal atrophy (PPRCA) is a rare retinal disorder which is diagnosed primarily on its typical funduscopic appearance of retinal pigment epithelial atrophy and clumping in a paravenous distribution. Pigmented paravenous retinochoroidal atrophy is usually asymptomatic and seldom causes marked decrease in visual acuity or significant impairment of electrophysiologic functions. optic nerve head drusen, which are thought to be inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, rare in blacks, and known to be associated with retinitis pigmentosa, have not been previously reported with PPRCA. The authors present a case of PPRCA which is classic except for an additional finding of optic nerve head drusen. The heritability of PPRCA remains controversial but the authors' reported association of PPRCA and disc drusen seems to suggest some genetic influence.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = black (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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