1/60. IgG2 immunodeficiency: association to pediatric patients with bacterial meningoencephalitis.An IgG subclass deficiency is often associated with bacterial infections. We studied four pediatric patients suffering from meningoencephalitis, two of them due to streptococcus pneumoniae and two due to haemophilus influenzae type b. Simultaneous diagnostic serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples were taken during income. The four subclasses of IgG and albumin were quantified in both biologic fluids by radial immunodiffusion. Very low levels of seric IgG2 with non detectable cerebrospinal fluid IgG2 were found in the patients. No intrathecal IgG subclass synthesis was found in two patients. One patient with S. pneumoniae had IgG3 intrathecal synthesis. Intrathecal IgG1, IgG3 and IgG4 synthesis was found in one patient suffering from H. influenzae according with reibergrams. Substitutive therapy with intravenous gammaglobulin was given to the patients as part of the treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/60. A case of recurrent pneumonias.A description is given of the case of a young boy who presented with repeated episodes of pneumonias since childhood. In addition, he had episodes of intermittent diarrhoeas. His investigative work-up revealed a deficiency of serum immunoglobulins, that is, hypogammaglobulinaemia. The profile was suggestive of common variable immunodeficiency. Because of the relative rarity of this disease, it is often missed leading to significant morbidity. Treatment consists of immunoglobulin replacement therapy and management of recurrent infections with appropriate drugs.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/60. rubinstein-taybi syndrome with humoral and cellular defects: a case report.The first association of rubinstein-taybi syndrome with immunodeficiency and the successful prevention of infection with intravenous IgG is reported in a 4 year old boy. This case suggests that immunodeficiency maybe a prominent feature of this syndrome and may predispose these patients to recurrent infections.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/60. Mucoraceae infections of antibiotic-loaded cement spacers in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by knee arthroplasty.Two clinical cases of mycotic infections secondary to knee spacers medicated with antibiotics against bacterial infections are presented. Care must be taken between the first and second stage (when the spacer is in place), and attention must be paid to the management of the surgical wound to avoid secondary contamination.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0031893915115717keywords = aid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/60. Acute focal bacterial nephritis: report of four cases.Focal acute bacterial nephritis is a localized bacterial infection of the kidney presenting as an inflammatory mass not containing drainable pus. The further distinction between acute focal bacterial nephritis and other renal masses is aided by the appropriate use of renal sonography and computed tomography. We report 4 cases with this entity.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0031893915115717keywords = aid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/60. Thyroid abscess due to acinetobacter calcoaceticus: case report and review of the causes of and current management strategies for thyroid abscesses.Thyroid abscess was a common condition in the era before antibiotics. In the current medical environment, however, it is a clinical entity that is seldom encountered. We report the case of a unique cause of thyroid abscess, the environmental Gram-negative bacterium acinetobacter calcoaceticus. review of the published causes of thyroid abscess since 1980 demonstrated that although gram-positive bacteria (staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) remain the most common causes, there has been a marked decrease in the number of cases caused by mycobacteria, salmonella species, and anaerobes when compared with the early part of the 20th century. patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus, however, still develop mycobacterial and fungal thyroid infections with some regularity. Reported modes of management of thyroid abscess vary, but drainage remains an integral component of therapy for resolution of the infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/60. Early manifestation and recognition of C2 complement deficiency in the form of pyogenic infection in infancy.OBJECTIVE: Although frequently asymptomatic, C2 complement component deficiency may lead to severe pyogenic infections or lupus-like illness. In the present report, we describe infectious manifestations in infancy and childhood in our C2-deficient patients. METHOD: A retrospective study of clinical manifestation in three patients was carried out. C2 deficiency was proved both by undetectable serum C2 level and typical homozygous 28 bp deletion of the C2 gene. RESULTS: All patients were hospitalized at least once by the age of 12 months, each had one episode of meningitis in infancy, one also had arthritis with septicaemia. Infections of the respiratory tract were the causes of other hospitalizations. Two patients also suffered from frequent mild respiratory tract infections; in both patients, decreased immunoglobulin IgA and immunoglobulin IgG2 or immunoglobulin IgG3 levels were recorded. CONCLUSION: Our observations point to an early manifestation of C2 deficiency within the first year of life, with meningitis as the most severe complication. The severity of immunodeficiency may be influenced by concomitant deficiencies of immunoglobulin isotypes.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/60. granulocyte colony-stimulating factor treatment in AIDS patients.Frequent complications of human immunodeficiency virus infection are hematopoietic failure and poor tolerance of myelosuppressive drugs. Reasons for neutropenia resulting from hematopoietic failure are infection of the bone marrow and hematotoxicity of treatment with zidovudine, ganciclovir, sulfonamides, and interferons. Moreover, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, transforming growth factor-beta and interferon-gamma have been shown to suppress proliferation of bone marrow cells. Both granulocyte (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) increase neutrophil counts and ameliorate phagocytic and bactericidic function of neutrophils. We report eight cases of AIDS patients with serious infections and neutropenia (< 750 cells/microliters), who were treated concomitantly with recombinant human G-CSF (3-4 micrograms subcutaneously per kilogram body weight daily). G-CSF treatment was well tolerated in all patients and showed no side effects or disturbances of other lineages than neutrophils. life-threatening bacterial infections were treated successfully by stimulating the neutrophil immune system. This therapy shortened the duration of subsequent treatment with antibiotics. Since human immunodeficiency virus infects CD4-positive monocytes and macrophages, which are stimulated by GM-CSF, G-CSF seems to be the cytokine of choice, if stimulation of the neutrophil lineage is warranted.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/60. Immunodeficiency secondary to juvenile paracoccidioidomycosis: associated infections.Four patients with acute paracoccidioidomycosis, hypoalbuminemia, ascites and associated infections are reported. They have been admitted to hospital 35 times, 4 of them due to active paracoccidioidomycosis, 14 to associated infections, 14 to ascites, edema and diarrhoea and 3 to herniorrhaphy. Two of them recovered after sepsis and central nervous system, muscular and subcutaneous cryptococcosis. The remaining two died. One had infectious diarrhoea (S. flexneri), peritoneal tuberculosis and sepsis (S. epidermidis); the other had bacterial meningitis, erysipelas, beta-hemolytic Streptococcus sepsis and miliary tuberculosis. Their immunodeficiency was attributed to enteric protein loss and/or malabsorption and malnutrition and was recognized by reduced response to delayed hypersensitivity skin tests in four patients and hypogammaglobulinemia in three of them. The authors discuss the need for prospective studies to be carried out, aiming at the mechanisms involved in secondary infections. Alternatives for maintaining the patients' adequate nutritional state should be investigated, to guarantee proper immune response and thus the ability to control intervening infections in patients with juvenile paracoccidioidomycosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/60. common variable immunodeficiency and breast cancer.We describe two women with early onset breast cancer (at ages 31 and 38) who were found to have common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). Both women had a history of frequent and unusual bacterial infections. The incidence of breast cancer in young women and of CVID are both low, and the coincident diagnosis in two patients from a relatively small population base suggests the possibility of a pathophysiologic or causal relationship.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.25keywords = immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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