1/56. calcium oxalate crystals (Weddellite) within the secretions of ductal carcinoma in situ--a rare phenomenon.A case is described in which calcium oxalate (Weddellite) crystals were identified in an area of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast. Seventy other cases were examined but no evidence of Weddellite was detected. This is evidently a rare phenomenon in carcinoma in situ.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ductal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/56. Radial scar with microcalcification mammographic-pathologic correlation: case report.Radial scar, a descriptive term for a pathologic lesion, is composed of central area of fibroelastosis and distorted ducts, and peripheral zone of intraductal hyperplasia. This lesion often presents as a spiculated lesion, sometimes with microcalcifications, on mammography which may mimic malignancy such as tubular carcinoma. We report a case of radial scar with clustered microcalcifications incidentally found in the screened mammogram.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = ductal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/56. myiasis secondary to Sermatobia hominis (human botfly) presenting as a long-standing breast mass.A case of a 54-year-old woman who presented with a breast mass is reported. Histologically, a chronic granulomatous inflammatory response was observed. The response was associated with an organism diagnosed as a fly larva, Dermatobia hominis (human botfly). The incidence of myiasis, infestation by fly larvae, presenting as a long-standing breast mass and mimicking a neoplasm is extremely rare, especially in the united states.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0042453454236902keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/56. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the breast presenting as a breast abscess.Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the breast is a very rare neoplasm, with only 75 cases reported in the English literature. Herein, we report four new cases and discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of this unusual tumor in a retrospective review of all cases of SCC of the breast at our institution from 1990 to 1998. Four patients with breast SCC were identified, with a mean age of 70 years. Two patients with "pure" SCC (no features of ductal carcinoma) were initially treated for breast abscess. Two other patients with features of both SCC and ductal carcinoma had skin erythema associated with an underlying mass, and infectious etiology was considered in each case. Mean tumor size was 4.9 cm. Both patients with pure SCC underwent extensive evaluation for primary tumors at other sites. Two patients developed early systemic metastasis. SCC of the breast is often diagnosed at an advanced stage and may be confused with breast abscess. For this reason, breast biopsy should be considered in cases of breast abscess. Treatment of primary SCC of the breast is similar to that of more common types of breast cancer (i.e., breast conservation is possible and lymph node dissection is recommended). Because metastasis to the breast from other primary tumor sites has been reported (lung, cervix, skin, and esophagus), patients with pure SCC should undergo evaluation to exclude this possibility.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.40424534542369keywords = ductal, neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/56. Giant-sized condyloma of the breast with focal acantholytic changes.BACKGROUND: A healthy 26-year-old pregnant woman presented with a 6.0-cm exophytic mass in her left inframammary fold. The lesion was surgically excised. methods: Histopathologic sections of the skin lesion were reviewed in hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides. Additional sections were studied by an in situ hybridization method for human papillomavirus dna (HPV) types 6 and 11. RESULTS: The histopathologic examination demonstrated a benign exophytic, verrucous and papillary epidermal proliferation with features of condyloma acuminatum. Reactivity to HPV dna types 6 and 11 was demonstrated by in situ hybridization method. The epidermis adjacent to, and focally within, the neoplasm showed multiple areas of suprabasilar and intraepidermal acantholysis without dyskeratosis. CONCLUSIONS: Condylomas related to HPV 6 and 11 may be found in extragenital locations including conjunctiva, oral and nasal mucosa. To our knowledge, however, the extragenital condylomas described in the literature have not included the giant-sized variant. We describe an example of a benign, giant-sized condyloma acuminatum of the breast with nearby acantholytic alterations similar to Hailey-Hailey disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0042453454236902keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/56. Sudden hemorrhage of the breast caused by breast cancer: a case report and review of the literature.A rare case of sudden hemorrhage caused by breast cancer is reported. A 71-year-old woman noted bleeding from her left breast. physical examination of the left breast showed a localized open cavity accompanied by bleeding and coagulation. The patient had no history of breast trauma or anticoagulation therapy. Incisional biopsy followed by histological examination resulted in a diagnosis of granulation tissue with no cancer cells present. mammography and ultrasonography indicated probable breast cancer. As a result, a second incisional biopsy was performed, which suggested invasive ductal carcinoma without histological skin invasion. A modified radical mastectomy was performed under a diagnosis of stage II breast cancer. breast cancer with sudden hemorrhage is rare. We review the literature and discuss the cause of this unusual manifestation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = ductal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/56. gynecomastia-like changes of the female breast.OBJECTIVES: gynecomastia-like changes of the female breast are only sparsely reported and are not well defined in the literature to our knowledge. Our objectives were to determine the incidence, clinical presentation, mammographic findings, and the medical background of patients with these changes. DESIGN: Two thousand seven hundred nine female breast surgical cases from 1995 to 1999 were searched by SNOMED. Three observers further reviewed all cases with gynecomastia-like changes. Strict criteria were developed and cases that fulfilled the criteria were analyzed further. RESULTS: We found the incidence of female gynecomastia-like changes to be 0.15% (4/2709) of all female breast lesions, which represents an underestimation. patients were usually young and had an average age of 32 years. The usual clinical presentation was a palpable mass with a size ranging from about 3.5 x 2 x 2 cm to 5 x 4 x 2.5 cm. mammography showed either negative findings or a nonspecific density. Gross examination of these specimens revealed no distinct lesions. Histologically, the lesions consisted of ductal hyperplasia with periductal stromal fibrosis or edema. They were associated with fibrocystic changes in the adjacent breast. The patients had no significant medical history. CONCLUSION: We propose that the gynecomastia-like change is a specific benign entity within the spectrum of benign fibrocystic changes and that it usually occurs in young patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.4keywords = ductal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/56. milk of calcium in the breast: appearance on prone stereotactic imaging.Microcalcifications discovered by mammography require careful analysis, occasionally leading to core biopsy to exclude associated breast cancer. We report unrecognized milk of calcium layering on small field of view prone digital stereotactic images. We illustrate important features on prone digital images attributed to milk of calcium which can exclude breast neoplasm, suggest this diagnosis, and prevent unnecessary biopsy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0042453454236902keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/56. Mammary duct ectasia and periductal mastitis in males.Mammary duct ectasia/periductal mastitis is exceedingly rare in males. Ten cases have been reported in the literature, the last 2 cases were associated with Human immunodeficiency virus. The previously reported cases presented in females with blood stained discharge or subareolar inflammatory process. All cases required surgical treatment, 7 out of 10 cases underwent a form of mastectomy. To the best of our knowledge this disease entity was not reported in patients suffering from Behcets disease. This article described 2 new cases, one of them is a young man who had associated Behcets disease. An immune mechanism may be responsible for such association, which was not reported before. The clinical presentation, pathological findings and management of these 2 new cases were outlined followed by literature review.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ductal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/56. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (inflammatory pseudotumour) of the breast. Clinicopathological and genetic analysis of a case with evidence for clonality.Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours (IMTs) were initially considered to be benign reactive processes, but cases with an unfavourable outcome have been reported. Moreover, clonal genetic alterations have recently been published in some cases, suggesting that IMT may represent a malignant neoplastic entity. This paper reports a case of IMT that developed in the mammary gland, an unusual site. The histological picture was characterized by a proliferation of spindle cells with little cellular atypia and rare mitoses, associated with a polymorphous inflammatory infiltrate. Their immunophenotype, characterized by the expression of vimentin, smooth muscle actin, and cytokeratins, corresponded to that of myofibroblasts. cytogenetic analysis revealed the clonal nature of the lesion. The modal karyotype was 48, X, ins(2;X)(q34;p21.2p22.2), 7, del(9)(p23), 19. Including the present observation, a 9p deletion has now been found in three cases of IMT. These observations show that IMT may be a clonal neoplasm, even in sites different from deep soft tissues.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0042453454236902keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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