1/8. Bilateral extensive vascular calcification of the breast associated with coagulative necrosis: a calciphylaxis-like syndrome.A case of asynchronous bilateral breast necrosis in a 40-year-old woman with untreated chronic hypercholesteraemia is described. Mastectomies were performed, and histological examination revealed bilateral breast calciphylaxis characterized by extensive vascular calcification with coagulative necrosis. breast calciphylaxis is a rare disease clinically characterized by progressive tissular necrosis with secondary cutaneous ulceration and by vascular calcification and thrombosis. However, the nature of the vascular calcification has remained poorly understood up to now, owing to the absence of any precise mineralogical examination. In this case the mineral deposits were analysed for the first time: only hydroxyapatite was found. The etiology is discussed, and the high cholesterol rate of the patient is implicated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = rare disease (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/8. Primary tuberculosis of the breast.Primary tuberculosis of the breast is a rare disease. Mammographic, sonographic, and computed tomographic features of a case of primary tuberculosis in the breast are presented. Differential diagnosis with other benign and malign diseases of the breast can be difficult with imaging methods. In endemic areas, tuberculosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of breast tumors.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = rare disease (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/8. Diffuse dermal angiomatosis: A previously undescribed pattern of immunoglobulin and complement deposits in two cases.Two cases of diffuse dermal angiomatosis are reported in middle-aged women. This rare disease of unknown origin is characterized by increased dermal angiomatosis and ulceration. The clinical and histologic presentations of the presently reported lesions were typical for this disorder. endothelial cells exhibited a normal immunophenotype. The perivascular basement membranes showed a distribution of collagen alpha chains typical for blood vessels, but not for lymphatics. immunohistochemistry revealed other undescribed features. At the site of the clinical lesions, linear and granular deposits of immunoglobulins A and M, and complement were found around the vessels and at the dermal-epidermal junction. The same deposits were also found restricted to the dermal-epidermal junction in the peripheral clinically intact skin. No serological signs of auto-immune disorder were detected in one patient. A monoclonal gammopathy was disclosed in the other patient. A pattern of immunoreactant deposits similar to that disclosed in the two patients was not found in the control specimens, and has not been described so far in other types of vascular hyperplasia and neoplasia. A pathogenic role of these deposits is unsettled and should be further explored.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = rare disease (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/8. Wegener's granulomatosis of the breast.Wegener's granulomatosis is a multisystem disorder characterized by necrotizing granulomatous inflammation and vasculitis of small vessels and can affect any organ system. The most common sites of involvement are upper and lower respiratory tracts, and kidneys. breast involvement is unusual and very rare. We report a case of breast Wegener's granulomatosis in a 32-year-old woman who presented with pulmonary lesions and palpable masses in the left breast. mammography showed multiple, sharply delineated nodules without microcalcifications. ultrasonography revealed multiple hypoechoic solid lesions, some of them with anechoic areas of necrosis. Computed tomography showed multiple nodules. Histopathology of excision biopsy specimens of breast lesions revealed necrotizing granulomatous material consistent with Wegener's granulomatosis. Twenty reports of breast involvement in this rare disease were found in the literature; however, the respective ultrasonographic and computed tomography findings have not hitherto been described.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = rare disease (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/8. wegener granulomatosis of the breast.Two cases of wegener granulomatosis of the breast are reported. In both cases, this rare disease was detected on mammographic examination and was diagnosed for the first time by a fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the breast. The mammographic findings can lead to misinterpretations and can be confused with advanced mammary carcinoma or the alterations caused by lymphoblastoma, leukemia, or hodgkin disease. The total regression of the tumorlike lesions in the breast, evidence of involvement of the lung with only slight clinical symptoms, and a very protracted course of the disease were remarkable in both cases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = rare disease (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/8. Mammary tuberculosis: a rare modern disease.tuberculosis of the breast has become a rare disease since the advent of antituberculous chemotherapy. The incidence of tuberculous mastitis at Vanderbilt Hospital for the last two decades was 0.025% of surgically treated breast disease. This probably reflects its prevalence in economically developed parts of the world. The pathologic diagnosis of mammary tuberculosis may be difficult. The only diagnostic proof is the demonstration of tubercle bacilli by microscopic smear of culture. Numerous cases have been incorrectly reported as mammary tuberculosis because of nonadherence to this criterion. Definite guidelines for treating breast tuberculosis are not available and may never become so because of its rarity. drug therapy has been successful and should be tried in all cases. Adequate surgical removal is inevitably corrective of the local disease. Surgically treated patients should receive antituberculous drugs before and after their operations.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = rare disease (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/8. Mammary hamartoma: is clinical diagnosis possible?Mammary hamartoma is a rare benign lesion of the female breast. diagnosis is usually made by either radiological and or histological means. Clinical diagnosis has been reported to be difficult. Between December 1994 and June 1995, three patients were found to have mammary hamartomas. All of them presented with breast lump greater than 6 cm in size. All hamartomas were well-delineated, soft and lobulated. Mammogram in these patients showed typical radiological 'breast in the breast' appearance of mammary hamartoma. A correct clinical diagnosis of mammary hamartoma was made in the third patient after the experience of management gained through the first two patients with mammary hamartoma. We believe that clinical diagnosis of mammary hamartoma is possible with both awareness of and experience of examining patients with this rare disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = rare disease (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/8. Chest wall tuberculosis simulating breast carcinoma: imaging appearance.tuberculosis of the breast is a rare disease. Tubercular abscesses predominantly affecting the soft tissues are also very infrequent. A case of chest wall tuberculosis secondarily involving the breast presenting as a hard, fixed lump simulating mammary carcinoma is presented here. There was no evidence of pleural or pulmonary tuberculosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = rare disease (Clic here for more details about this article) |