1/2646. Axillary metastases of an occult primary carcinoma of the breast-discovered only by 99mTc-tetrofosmin scintigraphy.Recent reports consider 99mTc-tetrofosmin scintigraphy to be a powerful new diagnostic tool for discriminating malignant from benign breast disease. We report on a woman suffering from histologically confirmed axillary metastases of a primary unknown, occult carcinoma, whose origin was suspected within the breast. All the diagnostic procedures performed to discover any lesion failed or were inconclusive. The primary cancer was clearly visualized, however, in the right breast by means of 99mTc-tetrofosmin scintigraphy. Conclusion. We suggest that 99mTc-tetrofosmin scintigraphy is a powerful method to detect breast cancer, especially when other diagnostic imaging procedures are inconclusive.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cancer (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/2646. Angiosarcoma. A rare secondary malignancy after breast cancer treatment.life-saving mastectomy and radiation therapy are established in the treatment of early stage breast cancer. Angiosarcoma, i.e. malignant angioendothelioma, is a rare tumor which can develop after several years of such treatment. The number of post-operative and post-irradiation angiosarcomas has increased in recent years. We report four cases of angiosarcoma which occurred after treatment of breast cancer and review the literature. In two of these cases the angiosarcoma developed on the irradiated breast skin after partial mastectomy and radiation therapy, in the other two cases the angiosarcoma appeared on a chronically edematous arm after radical mastectomy and radiation therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = cancer (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/2646. Isolation and characterization of a new human breast cancer cell line, KPL-4, expressing the Erb B family receptors and interleukin-6.A new human breast cancer cell line, KPL-4, was recently isolated from the malignant pleural effusion of a breast cancer patient with an inflammatory skin metastasis. This cell line can be cultured under serum-free conditions and is tumorigenic in female athymic nude mice. Flow cytometric analysis revealed the expression of Erb B-1, -2 and -3. Dot blot hybridization showed a 15-fold amplification of the erb B-2. reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed a detectable level of mRNA expression of all the Erb B family receptors. In addition, all the receptors were autophosphorylated under a serum-supplemented condition. Unexpectedly, transplanted KPL-4 tumours induced cachexia of recipient mice. A high concentration of interleukin-6 (IL-6) was detected in both the culture medium and the serum of mice. The weight of tumours significantly correlated with the serum IL-6 level. The antiproliferative effect of a humanized anti-Erb B-2 monoclonal antibody, rhuMAbHER2, was investigated. This antibody significantly inhibited the growth of KPL-4 cells in vitro but modestly in vivo. Loss of mouse body weight was partly reversed by rhuMAbHER2. These findings suggest that KPL-4 cells may be useful in the development of new strategies against breast cancer overexpressing the Erb B family receptors and against IL-6-induced cachexia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.5keywords = cancer (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/2646. breast cancer and hiv: what do we know?The present acquired human immunodeficiency syndrome-defining neoplasms are Kaposi's sarcoma, non-Hodgkins lymphoma, and cervical cancer. However, other malignancies have recently been associated with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. Is there also a link between breast cancer and hiv infection? breast cancer seems to be more aggressive in the setting of immunocompromise by hiv infection, as demonstrated by the clinical course of two patients recently treated at this institution and review of the available literature. As the acquired human immunodeficiency syndrome epidemic affects increasing numbers of women and survival improves, surgeons will be frequently called on to diagnose and treat breast cancer in the hiv patient.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4.0076151615149keywords = cancer, neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/2646. coronavirus pneumonia following autologous bone marrow transplantation for breast cancer.infectious bronchitis virus, otherwise known as coronavirus, can cause mild upper respiratory tract illnesses in children and adults. Rarely has coronavirus been linked, either by serology or nasal wash, to pneumonia. We report a case of a young woman who, following treatment for stage IIIA breast cancer using a high-dose chemotherapy regimen followed by autologous bone marrow and stem cell transplantation, developed respiratory failure and was found to have coronavirus pneumonia as diagnosed by electron microscopy from BAL fluid. We propose that coronavirus should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute respiratory failure in cancer patients who have undergone high-dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic support.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = cancer (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/2646. Double-phase 99mTc-sestamibi scintimammography and trans-scan in diagnosing breast cancer.The goal of our study was to assess the value of both scintimammography with 99mTc-sestamibi (SMM) and trans-scan (T-scan) in detecting breast cancer. methods: A total of 121 women were evaluated by palpation, mammography, SMM and T-scan. SMM was performed in the prone, breast dependent position. Immediate and delayed views (double-phase) were obtained. T-scan is a new breast imaging method that maps noninvasively the distribution of tissue electrical impedance and capacitance. RESULTS: SMM had 88.9% sensitivity, 88.4% specificity and 88.4% accuracy in detecting breast cancer. SMM had 100% sensitivity in detecting breast tumors >1 cm and only 66% sensitivity in detecting tumors <1 cm. T-scan had 72.2% sensitivity and 67% specificity in detecting breast cancer. It detected one more breast cancer than SMM, at the expense of 27 additional false-positive results. CONCLUSION: Double-phase SMM was sensitive and specific in detecting breast cancer. This method may reduce the rate of negative breast biopsies in tumors >1 cm. T-scan was only moderately accurate in detecting breast cancer. Its addition to SMM did not improve significantly the rate of breast cancer detection. However, because of its complete noninvasiveness, large-scale applicability and low cost, T-scan deserves further refining.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5.5keywords = cancer (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/2646. Characterization of human MMTV-like (HML) elements similar to a sequence that was highly expressed in a human breast cancer: further definition of the HML-6 group.Previously, we found a retroviral sequence, HML-6.2BC1, to be expressed at high levels in a multifocal ductal breast cancer from a 41-year-old woman who also developed ovarian carcinoma. The sequence of a human genomic clone (HML-6.28) selected by high-stringency hybridization with HML-6.2BC1 is reported here. It was 99% identical to HML-6.2BC1 and gave the same restriction fragments as total dna. HML-6.28 is a 4.7-kb provirus with a 5'LTR, truncated in RT. Data from two similar genomic clones and sequences found in GenBank are also reported. Overlaps between them gave a rather complete picture of the HML-6.2BC1-like human endogenous retroviral elements. work with somatic cell hybrids and FISH localized HML-6.28 to chromosome 6, band p21, close to the MHC region. The causal role of HML-6.28 in breast cancer remains unclear. Nevertheless, the ca. 20 Myr old HML-6 sequences enabled the definition of common and unique features of type A, B, and D (ABD) retroviruses. In Gag, HML-6 has no intervening sequences between matrix and capsid proteins, unlike extant exogenous ABD viruses, possibly an ancestral feature. Alignment of the dUTPase showed it to be present in all ABD viruses, but gave a phylogenetic tree different from trees made from other ABD genes, indicating a distinct phylogeny of dUTPase. A conserved 24-mer sequence in the amino terminus of some ABD envelope genes suggested a conserved function.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = cancer (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/2646. Radicular pain can be a symptom of elevated intracranial pressure.We report two patients with leptomeningeal metastatic disease, one from breast cancer and the other from a spinal cord glioma, who developed episodic elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), each episode accompanied by the gradual onset of severe spine and radicular pain. Symptoms of pain promptly and completely resolved with opening of the on-off valve of each patient's ventriculoperitoneal shunt. It is theorized that the patients' radicular pain was caused by nerve root ischemia secondary to elevated ICP.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = cancer (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/2646. Papillary transitional cell carcinoma of the breast: a report of five cases with distinction from eccrine acrospiroma.Papillary carcinomas of the female breast exhibit a spectrum of morphologic appearances and might be mistaken for benign intraductal papillary lesions or papillary adnexal neoplasms. We report herein five cases of papillary carcinoma in which the epithelium closely resembled transitional cells of the urinary bladder. Grossly, the tumors had a nodular or papillary appearance, white, tan, or red in color. The microscopic features were those of an intraductal papillary proliferation of solid layers of epithelial cells overlying fibrovascular cores. The proliferating cells assumed a whorled or streaming growth pattern, with flattening of superficial cells. One case showed microinvasion. Comparison with a similar number of cases of the solid variant of papillary carcinoma of the breast showed a greater range of nuclear pleomorphism, mitotic counts, and a more varied immunohistochemical profile in the papillary carcinomas with transitional cell features. Eight cases of eccrine acrospiroma occurring in the female breast also displayed a solid or solid papillary pattern, with flattened superficial cells. These occurred in a younger age group, were located in the dermis or subcutis, and usually had zones of clear cells visible at low magnification. No evidence of recurrent or metastatic disease was found in the four patients for whom follow-up was available; the length of follow-up ranged from 18 months to 11 years. The stimulus for the development of this unusual phenotype is unclear, but the transitional-like variant seems to behave in a fashion similar to that of other types of papillary carcinoma of the breast. Distinction of this malignant lesion from various benign lesions that occur in the same region is mandatory.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0076151615148712keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/2646. carcinosarcoma, endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma and endometriosis after tamoxifen therapy in breast cancer.The fourth case of heterologous mesodermal tumour of the uterine corpus, that developed, years following tamoxifen therapy for breast cancer in a postmenopausal woman with no previous pelvic irradiation, is presented with coincidental endometriosis and endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma. This coincidence after tamoxifen treatment appears to be an indication for the possible carcinogenic potency of tamoxifen.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.5keywords = cancer (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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