1/63. Endobronchial stenting for extrinsic compression caused by pulsatile pulmonary artery in a 4-week-old infant.Respiratory compromise secondary to external vascular compression may complicate the course of infants and neonates undergoing repair of congeni tal heart disease. Management of such complications usually involves prolonged ventilatory support and even additional high-risk surgical procedures. In recent years, endobronchial placement of self-expanding stents became a realistic treatment option, although there is controversy as to which of the many stents available today give the best results. We report the first successful endobronchial placement of a self-expanding stent in a 4-week-old infant. This conservative treatment for extrinsic airway compression led to the rapid extubation and recovery of the patient.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/63. Right aortic arch, right ligamentum, absent left pulmonary artery: a rare vascular ring.A 5-month-old infant presented with respiratory failure secondary to severe right bronchial compression. diagnostic imaging revealed a right aortic arch and absent left pulmonary artery. Surgical relief was obtained via median sternotomy by dividing a right ligamentum and pexing the enlarged right pulmonary artery to the ascending aorta.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/63. Aorto-bronchial fistula after implantation of a self-expanding bronchial stent in a patient with aortic dissection.We report a case of aorto-bronchial fistula after implantation of a self-expanding stent into the left main bronchus compressed by a dissected descending aorta. A 66-year-old female, who underwent Stanford type-B aortic dissection two years previously, was admitted to our hospital for the treatment of a newly developed false lumen that originated from the ascending aorta and extended to the aortic bifurcation. She was unable to be weaned from the respirator after the graft replacement of the ascending aorta. Fiberoptic bronchoscopic examination revealed complete obstruction of the left main bronchus by extrinsic compression. A self-expanding nitinol stent was implanted in the left main bronchus five days after the operation. Her respiratory condition improved remarkably, allowing her to be successfully weaned from the respirator. Her clinical course was uneventful until she suddenly died from massive hemoptysis 20 days after stent implantation. A communication of 5 mm in diameter between the dissected descending aorta and the left main bronchus was seen at autopsy. Permanent application of a self-expanding nitinol stent to relieve extrinsic compression of a left main bronchus by a dissected descending aorta is not recommended because pressure necrosis might lead to fatal aorto-bronchial fistula.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/63. Uncommon complication of arterial switch operation: tracheobronchial compression.We describe 2 patients in whom symptoms of airway compression developed after arterial switch operation for correction of the transposition of the great arteries. The clinical features, diagnosis, management, and proposed mechanisms of this complication are described.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83333333333333keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/63. Right middle lobe atelectasis associated with endobronchial silicotic lesions.BACKGROUND: In a period of 18 months, we have encountered 4 cases of right middle lobe atelectasis associated with endobronchial silicotic lesions of right middle lobe bronchi. All patients had occupational exposure to mineral dusts (3 coal miners and 1 sand blaster) for months to decades. methods: The nature of the endobronchial silicotic lesions that caused the bronchial obstruction has been confirmed by endobronchial biopsies and energy-dispersive spectrometry of the lesions. Extrinsic compression has been excluded by careful radiographic and computed tomographic image analysis. RESULTS: The endobronchial silicosis does not appear to correlate with the degree of pneumoconiosis of the lung parenchyma. The endobronchial silicosis may cause bronchial obstruction in the absence of radiographic evidence of pulmonary silicosis. CONCLUSION: The endobronchial silicosis and consequent lung atelectasis may be associated with silica exposure.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/63. Postpneumonectomy syndrome after left pneumonectomy.Postpneumonectomy syndrome, a late complication of pneumonectomy, is secondary to shift of the mediastinum and remaining lung toward the pneumonectomy side, leading to tracheobronchial compression between the vertebral body and the aorta or pulmonary artery. Obstructive airway symptoms are usually due to tracheobronchial tree compression, however, secondary airway malacia may develop. We report herein a case of postpneumonectomy syndrome with secondary bronchomalacia after left pneumonectomy in a patient with normal mediastinal vascular anatomy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/63. Mechanical tracheal obstruction due to an intramural esophageal hematoma following endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy.Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy is widely used as treatment for bleeding esophageal varices. Esophageal intramural hematoma is a rare complication following endoscopic injection sclerotherapy. patients present with pain and dysphagia due to esophageal obstruction. We present the first reported case of respiratory failure resulting from an intramural hematoma causing posterior tracheobronchial compression. Although patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and bleeding varices requiring respiratory support generally have a poor prognosis this may be an occasion when ventilatory support may be expected to be easily withdrawn after hematoma resolution.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/63. Autograft aortic arch extension and sleeve resection for bronchial compression after interrupted aortic arch repair.Successful correction of bronchial compression and severe bronchomalacia complicating repair of interrupted aortic arch was achieved using transverse aortic arch extension with a pulmonary artery autograft and left bronchial sleeve resection. This procedure increased space within the aortic arch and eliminated bronchial narrowing with excellent results.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83333333333333keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/63. Y-nitinol airway stent for management of central airway compression due to metastatic colon cancer.Tumor masses in the area between the esophagus and the tracheobronchial tree can lead to complications involving both systems, mainly strictures and compressions. Malignant esophageal strictures are nowadays often treated by insertion of a metal stent which, however, can cause airway compression especially in the proximal area. We present here a new method of creating a Y-stent out of two self-expandable tracheal nitinol stents, utilizing fiber bronchoscopy, in a 55-year-old woman with advanced colon cancer metastastic to the mediastinum. The endo-Y-stent technique can be performed with the patient under sedation and having topical anesthesia. The opening through which the second tracheal stent must be placed for the Y construction is created by laser. In this case, the patient suffered from airway compression which was efficiently relieved by this method. Within a short time the endo-Y-stent provides effective restoration and maintenance of airway patency in patients with tumor compression in the region of the esophagus and airway, and in those with airway compression following esophageal stenting. Expertise in both stent implantation and laser application is, however, mandatory.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.5keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/63. asthma-like attacks resulting from the isolated congenital left pulmonary artery agenesis with right main bronchus stenosis.A 5-year-old girl with isolated congenital left pulmonary artery agenesis suffered from recurrent attacks of dyspnea and right-sided pneumonia due to the stenosis of the right main bronchus. The division of ligamentum of the ductus arteriosus and suspension of the right pulmonary artery resulted in the disappearance of symptoms. It is notable that the compression of contralateral bronchus by the remaining pulmonary artery can cause respiratory symptoms in patients with isolated unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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