1/32. Constrictive bronchiolitis and ulcerative colitis.Pulmonary complications occur in an estimated 0.21% of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The most common presentation of pulmonary manifestations is large airway disease, such as tracheobronchitis, chronic bronchitis or bronchiectasis. Small airway disease, such as constrictive bronchiolitis or bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia, is less frequently reported, and is described as occurring in isolation from large airway disease. A case of a postcolectomy ulcerative colitis in a patient who has both large airway involvement, tracheobronchitis and bronchiectasis, and constrictive bronchiolitis is presented.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bronchiolitis, bronchiolitis obliterans, obliterans (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/32. Pseudomembranous tracheobronchitis caused by Aspergillus in a patient after peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.INTRODUCTION: We report a case of pseudomembranous tracheobronchitis caused by aspergillus fumigatus 2 years after matched unrelated stem cell transplant. CLINICAL PICTURE: The patient presented with dyspnoea and obstructive airway disease coinciding with the onset of chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Following treatment with higher immunosuppressive therapy for presumptive diagnosis of bronchiolitis obliterans, he subsequently developed recurrent spontaneous pneumomediastinum and progressive respiratory failure. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME: Tracheobronchial biopsy and culture of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid revealed Aspergillus tracheobronchitis. Despite mechanical ventilation and antifungal therapy, he succumbed to progressive respiratory failure. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Aspergillus tracheobronchitis should be suspected in heavily immunosuppressed stem cell transplant recipients presenting with recurrent pneumomediastinum and progressive respiratory failure.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.15526391620939keywords = bronchiolitis, bronchiolitis obliterans, obliterans (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/32. Clinical and histopathological findings in two Turkish children with follicular bronchiolitis.We report on two Turkish children who presented with progressive airway obstruction. Open lung biopsy revealed follicular bronchiolitis. The children were treated with systemic steroids and various topical medications. Whereas the respiratory situation of patient 1 required immunosuppressive therapy, the condition of patient 2 stabilised without systemic medication. CONCLUSION: diagnosis of follicular bronchiolitis should be considered when children present with recurrent respiratory tract infections, progressive dyspnoea, and chronic bronchial obstruction. Children in whom follicular bronchiolitis is suspected should undergo open lung biopsy for confirmation of diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.98552543108904keywords = bronchiolitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/32. Acute graft-versus-host disease of the lung after liver transplantation.We describe the first case of a man who developed acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), isolated to the lung, after an orthotopic liver transplant from a female donor. Our patient experienced dyspnea, worsening hypoxemia, and a progressive obstructive ventilatory defect 12 days after liver transplantation. Open-lung biopsy revealed grade 2 lymphocytic bronchiolitis, the pathologic and immunologic correlate of acute pulmonary GVHD. Fluorescent in situ hybridization confirmed donor cells at sites of peribronchiolar inflammation. High-dose corticosteroids were given with a return to baseline pulmonary function. The current case should alert clinicians to investigate pulmonary GVHD as a potential cause of postoperative dyspnea in liver transplant recipients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.14078934729843keywords = bronchiolitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/32. Importance of chronic aspiration in recipients of heart-lung transplants.In a series of eleven recipients of heart-lung transplants (HLT), five have obliterative bronchiolitis. Five of the eleven patients have chronic cough as well as slower than normal gastric emptying and/or oesophageal dysmotility; all five have evidence of bronchiectasis and three have obliterative bronchiolitis. Three of the patients improved after the introduction of treatment to prevent reflux, and another, who had a large phytobezoar, improved after pyloroplasty. In patients with chronic cough after HLT, with or without dyspeptic symptoms or recurring pulmonary sepsis, investigation of oesophageal motility and gastric emptying should be undertaken.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.28157869459687keywords = bronchiolitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/32. Steroid-responsive bronchiolitis after human heart-lung transplantation.This report describes the clinical course of a patient who developed obliterative bronchiolitis after viral infection on three separate occasions. Long-term follow-up is given. It is suggested that the syndrome of late pulmonary deterioration after transplantation may be steroid responsive if treatment is initiated early in the natural history of the syndrome. In addition, it is suggested that increased emphasis should be placed on the documentation of viral infection in transplant recipients to define a possible interaction between infection and rejection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.70394673649217keywords = bronchiolitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/32. Bronchiolitis in a rheumatoid arthritis patient receiving auranofin.A patient with severe rheumatoid arthritis and sicca symptoms was treated with auranofin. During auranofin therapy, she developed irreversible airways obstruction due to bronchiolitis. Whereas this complication could have been due to her underlying disease, we discuss here the possibility of its being related to the auranofin therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.14078934729843keywords = bronchiolitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/32. Human heart-lung transplantation: physiologic aspects of the denervated lung and post-transplant obliterative bronchiolitis.Eighteen sequential follow-up measurements of pulmonary function were obtained over a period of 21 months after heart-lung transplantation in a patient who had undergone surgery for end-stage pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis. In the early postoperative period, there was a moderate decrease in VC and TLC but gas exchange was maintained at essentially normal levels. The most conspicuous features of postoperative lung function were a very low airway resistance and an increase in FEV1/VC ratio above 95%. These alterations were associated with an unusual shape of the maximal expiratory flow-volume (MEFV) curve. Instead of showing a uniform decrease in expiratory flow as expiration proceeds to residual volume, the post-transplant MEFV curve showed a peak followed by a gently sloping plateau ending at a knee where flow suddenly fell. The knee occurred after exhalation of 80% VC. From the sixth postoperative month, the patient developed rapidly increasing air-flow obstruction, which proved to be due to obliterative bronchiolitis. As air-flow obstruction worsened, the knee on the MEFV curve progressively occurred at a higher lung volume, the flow plateau shortened, and flow after the knee became smaller at a given volume. From the ninth postoperative month, it was no longer possible to identify a plateau-knee configuration on the MEFV curve, which resembled that seen in severe obstructive airway disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.70394673649217keywords = bronchiolitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/32. Diffuse bacterial bronchiolitis with bronchiolar pneumonia in adults.Three patients had diffuse reticulonodular shadowing on chest roentgenogram, dyspnea, cough, purulent sputum, airways obstruction, variable fever, and leukocytosis. Lung tissue from two showed inflammatory exudate in bronchioles and peribronchiolar alveoli; all had multiple isolates of either haemophilus influenzae or streptococcus pneumoniae from sputum or lung tissue. When examined in the context of similar syndromes reported by others under different labels in the past, these observations suggest that this is a specific clinical entity, which is both uncommon and serious. Despite initial misdiagnosis in all three cases, the two patients in whom the true nature of the disease was promptly recognized had complete recovery after the institution of appropriate antibacterial therapy. The most accurate and appropriate term for this entity is diffuse bacterial bronchiolitis with bronchiolar pneumonia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.70394673649217keywords = bronchiolitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/32. Obliterative bronchiolitis due to mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in a child.A 6-year-old girl presented with mycoplasma pneumoniae involving the right upper and lower lobes. She made a slow but complete recovery with resolution of the radiological changes. She re-presented 5 years later with a productive cough, recurrent wheezing and physical and radiological signs suggestive of obliterative bronchiolitis. This diagnosis was confirmed by ventilation - perfusion (V/Q) lung scan, and bronchography. The case highlights the value of V/Q scanning in the diagnosis of obliterative bronchiolitis and confirms the previous reports that mycoplasma infections are not always benign.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.84473608379061keywords = bronchiolitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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