1/31. Spermolithiasis.Spermolithiasis has been a neglected subject of discussions and of published observations. This may be due to the fact that the process is fairly uncommon and does not seem to involve serious clinical consequences. It presents, on the other hand, important differential diagnostic aspects in connection with the pathology of the true pelvis and may give rise to misinterpretations unless its possibility is kept in mind. The importance of this rare syndrome is pointed out. Its etiology, pathology, symptomatology, differential diagnosis and therapy are discussed. Five observations are reported.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = process (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/31. Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis--report of three cases with pulmonary function and exercise studies.Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis is a rare disease involving accumulation of calcific concretions in the alveoli of the lungs. Three cases of this disease are reported with their varying and unusual clinical features. Radiologic studies demonstrated presence of diffuse calcific densities in the lungs with varying degrees of emphysematous changes. Bone scans showed diffuse uptake of the tracer in the lungs. Pulmonary functions showed hyperinflation and small airways dysfunction in one case besides the presence of restrictive ventilatory defect. Exercise studies demonstrated arterial oxygen desaturation on exercise.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 23558.546612491keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/31. Treatment of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis with a diphosphonate--preliminary results of a case.A diphosphonate, disodium etidronate, a compound known to inhibit microcrystal growth of hydroxyapatite was given to a 3.5-year-old girl with pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) that was symptomatic. The drug was used for approximately 36 months in a single daily dose of 15 mg/kg. No significant side effects were encountered with somewhat clearing of lung bases in chest radiograms and subjective improvement in general condition. These findings suggest a role of diphosphonates in the treatment of PAM.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 23558.546612491keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/31. Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis in a ten year old girl.Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) is a rare lung disease, characterized by progressive formation of intra-alveolar calculi in response to an unknown stimulus. We report an unusual presentation of PAM in a 10 year old girl with clinically significant interstitial lung disease and histological evidence of both PAM and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis. A rapid improvement of pulmonary function and exercise tolerance was seen in response to glucosteroid therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 28270.255934989keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/31. Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis presenting with crazy-paving pattern on high resolution CT.Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) is an uncommon chronic disease characterized by calcifications within the alveoli and a paucity of symptoms in contrast to the imaging findings. We present a 59-year-old woman with a 4-year history of shortness of breath on exertion. Lung auscultation revealed random wheezes and fine and coarse crackles. Pulmonary function tests showed a restrictive pattern. The chest radiograph demonstrated a bilateral symmetric micronodular pattern. High resolution CT scan revealed diffuse ground-glass attenuation with superimposed septal thickening ("crazy-paving" pattern). The patient underwent a lung biopsy, which confirmed the diagnosis of PAM. Our case demonstrates that PAM needs to be considerate in the differential diagnosis of lung lesions that present with crazy-paving pattern on the high resolution CT.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 23558.546612491keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/31. Improvement in gas exchange with nasal continuous positive airway pressure in pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis.A 37-yr-old man with pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) presented with respiratory failure and cor pulmonale. The FEV1/FVC was 1.4/1.8 L with total lung capacity of 3.2 L using the helium dilution method (54% predicted) and 6.1 L using body plethysmography (102% predicted), indicating large noncommunicating regions. The KCO (transfer factor per liter lung volume) was 3.05 ml/min/mm Hg/L (47% predicted). Despite home oxygen (3 L/min) and diuretic therapy, the patient remained hypoxic (PaO2, 55 mm Hg) and incapacitated with dyspnea. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) at 12 cm H2O and oxygen at 1 L/min improved his oxygenation (PaO2, 93 mm Hg), and introduction of this regimen at night resulted in subjective improvement in daytime function. A Grandjean right heart catheter was introduced at the bedside, and the multiple inert gas elimination technique (MIGET) was used to measure ventilation and blood flow distributions at ambient pressure and with the addition of 10 cm H2O nCPAP. The patient had severe pulmonary hypertension (mean Ppa, 57 mm Hg) and severe hypoxemia (PaO2 37 mm Hg), which was mainly due to shunt (16% of cardiac output) and a broadening of the main mode of the ventilation-perfusion (VA/Q) distribution (log SD Q, 0.94). There was a significant reduction in shunt during nCPAP to 6% of cardiac output without increasing Ppa, and this effect appeared to extend past the period of application. We conclude that nCPAP reduces intrapulmonary shunt in this rare condition and allows for correction of hypoxemia with a smaller oxygen flow rate.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 23558.546612491keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/31. Endoscopic treatment of an impacted pancreatic duct stone using a balloon catheter for electrohydraulic lithotripsy without pancreatoscopy.Obstructing main pancreatic duct (PD) stones represent a challenge for endoscopic removal because they are frequently impacted within the duct, are hard, and process sharp edges. Multiple series have been published demonstrating that removal of obstructing stones in the main PD can improve symptoms in the majority of patients with chronic pancreatitis. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) has become an accepted technique to facilitate stone clearance when standard endoscopic methods fail. More recently, direct contact lithotripsy with the use of smaller caliber endoscopes has been described as an alternative to ESWL. Limited experience suggests that intraductal electrohydraulic lithotripsy under direct endoscopic visualization with a small caliber pancreatoscope results in successful fragmentation of PD stones that have been refractory to standard endoscopic methods or ESWL. Herein, we report the use of intraductal electrohydraulic lithotripsy to fragment a large obstructing PD stone guided only by fluoroscopy without the utilization of a pancreatoscope.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = process (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/31. Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis: a report on four cases.The accidental discovery of a diffuse but sharply defined micro-nodular pattern on routine chest x-ray of an asymptomatic patient makes the diagnosis of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis more likely whereas the finding of different sized microliths that are located in alveolar spaces, in a lung biopsy specimen, confirm the diagnosis. Four cases are reported in this context.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 28270.255934989keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/31. Is the desert lung syndrome (nonoccupational dust pneumoconiosis) a variant of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis? Report of 4 cases with review of the literature.Four cases of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis are presented. These patients had heavy exposure to sand particles for long periods. This is to hypothesize that those sand particles are responsible for triggering a hyperimmune response resulting in the formation of microlithiasis. Previously expressed theories had linked microlithiasis to external irritants and the condition has similarities with desert lung syndrome, a disease definitely caused by the deposition of sand silica in the lungs.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 23558.546612491keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/31. Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis: case report.Alveolar microlithiasis is a rare disease with only about 150 cases reported in the literature. Although some patients present with progressive respiratory symptoms, the discovery is in most cases an incidental finding on a chest radiograph. The management of the condition has essentially supportive in all reported cases. We describe a case first discovered in 1976 and finally diagnosed in 1985.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 18846.837289993keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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