1/32. A case of classical carcinoid tumor of the gallbladder: review of the Japanese published works.A 58 year-old man was admitted to Kimitsu Chuo Hospital complaining of epigastralgia. Abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography revealed a polypoid lesion at the neck of the gallbladder. Given the pre-operative diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma, we resected the gallbladder along with the extrahepatic bile duct. There was a papillary tumor (25 x 16 mm) at the neck of the gallbladder. Histopathological examinations showed a subserosal nodular proliferation of uniform small tumor cells. Grimelius staining was slightly positive and Fontana-Masson staining was negative. Most of the tumor cells stained positively for chromogranin a and neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and some of the tumor cells were positive for pancreatic polypeptide. The presence of neurosecretory intracytoplasmic granules was proven ultrastructurally. It was diagnosed as a classical carcinoid tumor of the gallbladder. We reviewed the Japanese reported cases and discussed the difference in clinicopathological findings between classical and atypical carcinoid tumors of the gallbladder. Classical carcinoids of the gallbladder have neither a metastatic nor invasive character, and an extremely favorable prognosis compared with atypical carcinoids. The difference in character between classical and atypical carcinoids of the gallbladder is thought to be derived from their histogenetic origin.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gallbladder (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/32. carcinoid tumor of the cystic duct.A 69-year-old male was admitted to an outside institution for severe right abdominal pain radiating to the flank. An extensive work-up, including lower GI series, IVP, and ultrasound of the kidneys were normal. Ultrasound of the liver demonstrated a thickened gallbladder as well as cholelithiasis. Despite some improvement, his symptoms returned intermittently and cholecystectomy was performed. Pathologic examination of the gallbladder showed a carcinoid tumor, 5.4 mm in maximum diameter, in the cystic duct. A small metastatic focus was also found in the cystic duct lymph node. In this paper we compare the clinical presentation, pathological findings and outcome of this case to the previously reported six cases of cystic duct carcinoid. A comparison is also made between the general features of carcinoid at this rare location and the more common gastrointestinal carcinoid.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = gallbladder (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/32. Carcinoid tumours of the biliary tract.Data on 13 patients, including two not previously reported, with carcinoid tumours of the biliary tract are reported. In ten of them the primary tumour was located in the gallbladder and in three in the biliary duct. No specific symptoms were recorded, and the carcinoid syndrome has not been reported in carcinoid tumours of the biliary tract. In five patients the tumour was first found at autopsy. Metastases were found in three patients at operation or autopsy. cholecystography can show either a functioning or a non-functioning gallbladder. Some patients had concretions in the gallbladder. The prognosis appears to be good, and one of the patients reported survived 20 years with metastases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = gallbladder (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/32. Primary carcinoid tumor of the gallbladder: resection of a case metastasizing to the liver and analysis of outcomes.Gallbladder carcinoid tumor is a rare and aggressive neoplasm, usually lacking specific symptoms, as they typically are unassociated with the carcinoid syndrome, despite frequent hepatic spread. The patient was an 81-year-old man with right upper quadrant pain who underwent radical surgery for carcinoid tumor of the gallbladder with liver metastasis (preoperative diagnosis, carcinoma). We analyzed the outcome of previously reported cases of gallbladder carcinoid. Increasing tumor size and depth of invasion progressively compromised the 2-year survival. These findings underscore the importance of early detection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = gallbladder (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/32. Clear cell carcinoid tumor of the gallbladder: another distinctive manifestation of von hippel-lindau disease.We describe a morphologically distinctive carcinoid tumor of the gallbladder that occurred in a 38-year-old man with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease. The carcinoid tumor was composed predominantly of lipid-containing clear cells arranged in nests and tubules with pagetoid spread into the biliary epithelium and was interpreted as metastatic renal cell carcinoma. The neoplastic cells showed diffuse immunoreactivity for chromogranin, synaptophysin, cytokeratins (cytokeratin 7 and AE1/AE3) and, unexpectedly, for inhibin, but were negative for monoclonal carcinoembryonic antigen, serotonin and a variety of peptide hormones. This clear cell carcinoid tumor of the gallbladder was histologically similar to the recently described clear cell endocrine pancreatic tumor associated with VHL. Four cases of the latter tumor, which were also inhibin positive showed, in addition, focal and variable reactivity for the pancreatic hormones. Two classical carcinoid tumors of the gallbladder, two renal cell carcinomas associated with VHL and 11 of 13 sporadic endocrine pancreatic tumors (not associated with VHL) did not show immunoreactivity for inhibin. Inhibin appears to be an immunohistochemical marker for gallbladder clear cell carcinoid and clear cell endocrine pancreatic tumors associated with VHL and is a useful tool to distinguish these tumors from metastatic renal cell carcinoma. However, the basis for the inhibin positivity in these endocrine tumors is unknown.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.66666666666667keywords = gallbladder (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/32. Clear cell carcinoid tumor of the gallbladder. A case without von hippel-lindau disease.A golden yellow polyp was detected in the gallbladder of a 64-year-old man who presented with epigastric pain. The lesion was composed of clear polygonal cells arranged in a trabecular and glandular pattern. The tumor invaded through the wall into the perimuscular subserosal layer. Immunohistochemical stains showed that neoplastic cells were positive for chromogranin a, synaptophysin, somatostatin, gastrin, and pancreatic polypeptide and negative for glucagon, serotonin, insulin, S100 protein, and inhibin. This tumor resembles the recently described clear cell endocrine tumors of the gallbladder and pancreas that are associated with von hippel-lindau disease. Our patient, however, had neither personal nor family history indicative of von hippel-lindau disease. Furthermore, published accounts of clear cell endocrine tumors in von hippel-lindau disease describe immunoreactivity for inhibin; the current case was negative for the disease. There may be a subtype of clear cell carcinoid tumor not associated with von hippel-lindau disease, which is characterized by its lack of immunoreactivity against inhibin.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = gallbladder (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/32. Gallbladder carcinoid: a case report.Carcinoids are neuroendocrine tumours that rarely originate in the biliary tract. We report a case of gallbladder carcinoid associated with cholelithiasis extending to hepatic segments IV and V. The mass was detected by ultrasound in a 71-year-old-man investigated for recurrent right upper quadrant pain irradiating to the back and associated with dyspepsia. cholecystectomy, locoregional lymphadenectomy and 4th and 5th hepatic segment resection were performed. The patient underwent chemotherapy and was also treated with somatostatin analogues. Despite this, he died after 12 months. We stress the rarity and aggressive behaviour of gallbladder carcinoid.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = gallbladder (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/32. Malignant carcinoid tumor of the gallbladder: a case report and review of literature.Carcinoid of the gallbladder and bile ducts is a rare tumor. Till date 20 cases have been reported. Here we report one more case and review all 21 cases collectively. The tumor affects elderly patients of either sex equally. Surgical obstructive jaundice (SOJ), followed by abdominal symptoms were the commonest presenting complaints. None of the patients presented with carcinoid syndrome. Bile duct carcinoids presented significantly earlier than gallbladder carcinoids because of strategic location causing SOJ. gallstones were present only in 3 cases. Fifty per cent of these tumors were malignant, with liver followed by bone as the commonest site of metastasis. Surgery has been the mainstay of the treatment of these lesions. Old age, jaundice and metastasis at presentation and location of carcinoid in bile duct were found to be bad prognostic factors. In the absence of these features overall survival after surgical procedures like radical cholecystectomy was encouraging enough to undertake the surgical challenge.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = gallbladder (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/32. Phytobezoars as a cause of small bowel obstruction associated with a carcinoid tumor of the ileocecal area.Carcinoid tumors are slowly growing malignant neoplasms associated with an indolent clinical course. About 60% of such tumors are located within the gastrointestinal tract. We describe an unusual case of small bowel obstruction associated with a carcinoid tumor of the ileum. A 70-year-old woman was presented with abdominal pain, vomiting, and clinical signs of mechanical bowel obstruction. X-ray and CT-scan of the abdomen showed hydroaeric levels and the presence of intraluminal hyperdense "stones", presumably of gallbladder origin. A diagnostic laparotomy revealed that a large part of the terminal ileus was edematous, with prominent evidence of intestinal loop adhesions. The edematous part of the ileum was resected. Incision of the intestinal wall revealed a 2-cm soft mass at 8 cm from the ileocecal valve, where the presence of ten fruit pits obstructed the intestinal cavity. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a carcinoid tumor. An interesting case of small-bowel obstruction with a double cause is presented: an ileal carcinoid and fruit pit bezoars. The pathophysiology of the obstruction is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.083333333333333keywords = gallbladder (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/32. carcinoid tumor of the gallbladder: laparoscopic resection and review of the literature.A 75-year-old woman with mild elevation of liver function test results was found to have an asymptomatic mass localized to the gallbladder by computed tomographic scan and ultrasonography. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography revealed a fixed 2 x 4 cm filling defect in the gallbladder wall, consistent with a gallbladder neoplasm. The gallbladder and intramural neoplasm were excised successfully by use of uncomplicated laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Pathologic analysis revealed a carcinoid tumor of the gallbladder. All previously reported gallbladder carcinoid tumors in the Western literature are reviewed. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has potential for application for the treatment of selected gallbladder neoplasms, with special preoperative assessment and intraoperative considerations being important.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.91666666666667keywords = gallbladder (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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