1/449. Characterization of human MMTV-like (HML) elements similar to a sequence that was highly expressed in a human breast cancer: further definition of the HML-6 group.Previously, we found a retroviral sequence, HML-6.2BC1, to be expressed at high levels in a multifocal ductal breast cancer from a 41-year-old woman who also developed ovarian carcinoma. The sequence of a human genomic clone (HML-6.28) selected by high-stringency hybridization with HML-6.2BC1 is reported here. It was 99% identical to HML-6.2BC1 and gave the same restriction fragments as total dna. HML-6.28 is a 4.7-kb provirus with a 5'LTR, truncated in RT. Data from two similar genomic clones and sequences found in GenBank are also reported. Overlaps between them gave a rather complete picture of the HML-6.2BC1-like human endogenous retroviral elements. work with somatic cell hybrids and FISH localized HML-6.28 to chromosome 6, band p21, close to the MHC region. The causal role of HML-6.28 in breast cancer remains unclear. Nevertheless, the ca. 20 Myr old HML-6 sequences enabled the definition of common and unique features of type A, B, and D (ABD) retroviruses. In Gag, HML-6 has no intervening sequences between matrix and capsid proteins, unlike extant exogenous ABD viruses, possibly an ancestral feature. Alignment of the dUTPase showed it to be present in all ABD viruses, but gave a phylogenetic tree different from trees made from other ABD genes, indicating a distinct phylogeny of dUTPase. A conserved 24-mer sequence in the amino terminus of some ABD envelope genes suggested a conserved function.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cancer (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/449. male breast cancer in the hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome.A male member of a large HNPCC kindred, affected by primary malignancies of the breast and colon, was identified. This individual was found to harbor a germline mutation of the MLH1 mismatch repair gene previously shown to segregate with disease in this kindred. The breast tumor exhibited somatic reduction to homozygosity for the MLH1 mutation, and microsatellite instability was evident in the breast tumor. We conclude that hereditary male breast cancer can occur as an integral tumor in the HNPCC syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.5keywords = cancer (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/449. Metastatic breast cancer diagnosed during a work-up for urinary incontinence: a case report.breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women in the USA and the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women. breast cancer metastases to the bladder are unusual but have been reported occasionally in the literature. The majority of the reports describe bladder metastases presenting with symptomatology or occurring in the context of disseminated disease. We present the case of an 87-year-old woman with a history of breast cancer and negative routine work-up for metastatic disease. She was referred to the urogynecology division in our institution because of complaints of urinary incontinence and urinary urgency. A urethrocystoscopy revealed suspicious bladder mucosal lesions that were biopsied. The pathology findings, when compared to the original cancer specimens, were consistent with metastatic disease. This case suggests that in patients with a history of breast cancer, even subtle urinary symptoms should be thoroughly evaluated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.8333333333333keywords = cancer (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/449. Paget's disease of the male breast associated with intraductal carcinoma.Paget's disease of the breast is a rare condition with an incidence of 3% to 5% of all mammary malignancies. Of all malignant breast cancer, 1% occurs in male patients, and thus, Paget's disease of the male breast is extremely rare. We present a case of intraductal carcinoma of the male breast presenting as Paget's disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = cancer (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/449. cytomegalovirus pneumonia in a patient with breast cancer on chemotherapy: case report and review of the literature.cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia in the setting of non-transplantation patients is a rarity. We present a case of CMV pneumonitis in a woman with stage IV breast cancer, with brain metastases, receiving both chemotherapy and systemic corticosteroids. A review of the literature reveals this as a unique case. Potential viral etiologies should therefore be considered in cancer patients with pneumonia receiving non-transplantation chemotherapy-regimens, particularly if steroids are a component of their therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cancer (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/449. Cytological and immunocytochemical evaluation of thyroid and breast masses in patients with a previous neoplasm: case reports.The diagnosis of secondary tumours represents one of the most important fields in the application of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). We studied two patients, one with a history of breast cancer and one with a previous tumour of the thyroid, who showed a second mass, in the thyroid and in the breast, respectively, during follow up. The aim of our study was to evaluate if cytology, performed on FNAC smears, may distinguish a metastatic lesion from a second primary tumour, or if further immunocytochemistry should be performed. Our data demonstrate that, while cytology may be indicative of a second primary tumour, the histotype should be confirmed by immunocytochemical staining.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16758992667277keywords = cancer, neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/449. Selective delivery of doxorubicin to patients with breast carcinoma metastases by stealth liposomes.BACKGROUND: Stealth liposomes hold promise as a mode of delivering cytotoxic agents selectively to tumors in cancer patients. The objective of this study was to determine whether stealth liposomal doxorubicin accumulates selectively in bone metastases based on clinical material obtained from two patients with breast carcinoma. methods: Tumor tissue was obtained from two women (ages 33 years and 41 years, respectively) with metastatic breast carcinoma who responded to treatment with stealth liposomal doxorubicin and later underwent a surgical fixation procedure to treat a pathologic fracture of the femur. Drug levels in the tumor and adjacent muscle were examined by high performance liquid chromatography analysis in both patients and by fluorescence microscopy in one of the patients. RESULTS: Bone tumor fragments obtained during surgery performed 6 days after the administration of the 12th course of stealth liposomal doxorubicin in 1 patient and 12 days after the administration of the 16th course of stealth liposomal doxorubicin in the second patient had a 10-fold greater concentration of liposomal doxorubicin than tumor free muscle. doxorubicin fluorescence and specific nuclear staining showed good colocalization, thus confirming the presence of the liposome-delivered drug in the nuclei of tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS: Using skeletal muscle as a comparator, stealth liposomal doxorubicin accumulates selectively in metastatic breast carcinoma cells within bone.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = cancer (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/449. Carcinoma of the axillary breast.Axillary breast is one of the varieties of polymastia which is characterized by the presence of more than 2 breasts. It may cause symptoms during pregnancy, lactation, or in the premenopausal period. Unless there are obvious symptoms of lactation or the assistance of further imaging studies such as mammography and breast ultrasound, the diagnosis is often confused with subcutaneous lipoma. The incidence of axillary breast cancer is low but it should be investigated and treated properly in view of another breast cancer in the embryonic milk-line. In this paper we reviewed 4 cases of axillary breast cancer and documented some articles regarding aberrant breast and carcinoma arising from it. It is suggested that subcutaneous nodules of uncertain origin around the periphery of the breast should be viewed with suspicion and treated properly.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = cancer (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/449. Chest wall resection for local recurrence of breast cancer. Presented at the 99th Meeting of the Royal belgium Society of obstetrics and gynecology, Brussels May 9th 1998, belgium.We present three cases of chest wall resection for locally recurrent breast cancer and a medline review of the current literature. In selected cases full thickness resection of the chest wall may be used as a salvage procedure to improve the quality of life and prolong the survival at low morbidity and mortality.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83333333333333keywords = cancer (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/449. calciphylaxis associated with metastatic breast carcinoma.calciphylaxis is a rare disorder associated with calcification of small- and medium-sized blood vessels, and progressive skin necrosis usually seen in the setting of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and secondary hyperparathyroidism. It has also been observed in primary hyperparathyroidism, hypercalcemia of malignancy (extensive bony metastasis of breast cancer), and an isolated case reported with end-stage liver disease. We report an unusual case of calciphylaxis associated with metastatic breast carcinoma in the absence of renal or parathyroid disease. calciphylaxis has generally been associated with end-stage renal disease and hyperparathyroidism. One previous case report described calciphylaxis occurring in a patient with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the breast and hypercalcemia. Our case represents the second reported case of calciphylaxis associated with osteolytic, metastatic breast cancer. Although ESRD with secondary hyperparathyroidism is the most common presentation of calciphylaxis, this case demonstrates that other conditions that alter normal calcium metabolism must be considered in the differential diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = cancer (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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