1/30. Fusion of contrast-enhanced breast MR and mammographic imaging data.Increasing use is being made of Gd-DTPA contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for breast cancer assessment since it provides 3D functional information via pharmacokinetic interaction between contrast agent and tumour vascularity, and because it is applicable to women of all ages as well as patients with post-operative scarring. Contrast-enhanced MRI (CE-MRI) is complementary to conventional X-ray mammography, since it is a relatively low-resolution functional counterpart of a comparatively high-resolution 2D structural representation. However, despite the additional information provided by MRI, mammography is still an extremely important diagnostic imaging modality, particularly for several common conditions such as ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) where it has been shown that there is a strong correlation between microcalcification clusters and malignancy. Pathological indicators such as calcifications and fine spiculations are not visible in CE-MRI and therefore there is clinical and diagnostic value in fusing the high-resolution structural information available from mammography with the functional data acquired from MRI imaging. This paper presents a novel data fusion technique whereby medial-lateral oblique (MLO) and cranial-caudal (CC) mammograms (2D data) are registered to 3D contrast-enhanced MRI volumes. We utilise a combination of pharmacokinetic modelling, projection geometry, wavelet-based landmark detection and thin-plate spline non-rigid 'warping' to transform the coordinates of regions of interest (ROIs) from the 2D mammograms to the spatial reference frame of the contrast-enhanced MRI volume. Of key importance is the use of a flexible wavelet-based feature extraction technique that enables feature correspondences to be robustly determined between the very different image characteristics of X-ray mammography and MRI. An evaluation of the fusion framework is demonstrated with a series of clinical cases and a total of 14 patient examples.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ductal, duct (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/30. Salivary duct carcinoma in the submandibular region.A case of salivary duct carcinoma arising in the submandibular region of an 83-year-old man is presented. Histologically, the tumour consisted of solid cell nests with ductal structures. Tumour cell nests showed central comedonecrosis. Immunohistochemically, the tumour cells were positive for keratin and epithelial membrane antigen but negative for S-100 protein and calponin. Clinical features as well as pathological examinations based on haematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical stainings were important in the diagnosis of this case.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 46.969299720798keywords = salivary duct, ductal, duct (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/30. Scirrhous colonic metastasis from ductal carcinoma of the breast: report of a case.Metastasis of breast cancer to the colon is rare. We report a case of a 49-year-old female who presented with a stenotic tumor of the descending colon five years after treatment of breast cancer with mastectomy and pedicled transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap. laparotomy showed a diffusely infiltrated tumor over the descending colon. Anterior resection with loop ileostomy was performed, and the pathology showed that the colonic wall and the mesentery were diffusely infiltrated with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, which stained strongly for cytokeratin 7. The histologic diagnosis is consistent with colonic metastasis from ductal carcinoma of breast origin. In a patient with a history of breast cancer, colonic metastasis from the breast primary cancer should be considered, especially if the colonic lesion is scirrhous in nature. The incision for laparotomy and the probable stoma site should be planned carefully in females after breast reconstructive surgery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = ductal, duct (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/30. Salivary duct carcinoma of submandibular gland with trigeminal nerve invasion to intracranium.Salivary duct carcinoma is a rare and invasive malignant tumour with rapid distant metastasis and dismal prognosis. Clinically, perineural invasion of the salivary duct carcinoma is commonly noted. Here, we present a case of salivary duct carcinoma of submandibular gland origin with perineural invasion of the trigeminal nerve proximal to the intracranium, that was well demonstrated by a magnetic resonance image (MRI) and was consistent with the clinical presentation. This case received radical resection and radiotherapy with inclusion of the skull base within the field. There was no tumour recurrence and distant metastasis 24 months post-operatively.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 91.905110078969keywords = salivary duct, duct (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/30. Ductal carcinoma arising from a syringocystadenoma papilliferum in a nevus sebaceus of Jadassohn.We present an example of ductal carcinoma connected to a syringocystadenoma papilliferum situated in a nevus sebaceus of Jadassohn on the scalp of a 22-year-old woman. The ductal carcinoma involved the entire thickness of the dermis and extended to the subcutaneous fat. Because syringocystadenoma papilliferum is considered a hamartoma with apocrine differentiation, the ductal carcinoma here described was interpreted as an apocrine ductal carcinoma. Syringocystadenocarcinoma papilliferum is an exceedingly rare neoplasm, most examples of which seem to have arisen in its benign counterpart, syringocystadenoma papilliferum. From a histopathologic point of view, syringocystadenocarcinoma papilliferum usually shows a papillary configuration similar to that of syringocystadenoma papilliferum. In contrast, the case here described a ductal carcinoma superficially connected to a syringocystadenoma papilliferum, but mostly composed of small ductal structures embedded in a desmoplastic stroma and involving the full thickness of the dermis. We review the literature about the malignant neoplasms arising in the nevus sebaceus of Jadassohn.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = ductal, duct (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/30. A case of chest wall recurrence of breast cancer treated with paclitaxel weekly, 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine, arterial embolization and chest wall resection.Chest wall resection and reconstruction has proved to be a safe surgical procedure for local recurrence of breast cancer. Recently, as second- or third-line chemotherapy for the patients with recurrent breast cancer or ovarian cancer, weekly paclitaxel has provided a significant response rate in those patients, and generated much clinical interest. We report here a case of chest wall recurrence of breast cancer successfully treated by a combination of weekly paclitaxel, 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine, arterial embolization, and chest wall resection. A 56-year-old woman presented with a large mass in the left anterior chest. A recurrent tumor developed and enlarged one-and-half years after undergoing modified radical mastectomy for advanced breast cancer (T4N2M0, stage III B) at another hospital. The mass had enlarged while the patient underwent chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil, and anastozole, followed by low-dose cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and goserelin. To reduce the mass and inflammatory changes of the skin, weekly paclitaxel and 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine was given. Furthermore, to obtain hemostasis and promote the mass reduction, arterial embolization of the supply arteries was performed. Chest wall resection, reconstruction of the bony chest wall with polypropylene mesh folded 8 times, and soft tissue reconstruction with a contralateral myocutaneous flap were carried out successfully. The patient was discharged from the hospital ten weeks after the operation without any major morbidity, and remained well for ten months. A multimodal approach with chemotherapy and arterial embolization was effective in this case in treating chest wall recurrence of breast cancer. Reconstruction of the chest wall bone with polypropylene mesh folded 8 times and soft tissue reconstruction with a contralateral myocutaneous flap was a useful procedure after chest wall resection, even after chemotherapy and arterial embolization.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.011163120875787keywords = duct (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/30. Renal tumor causing haematuria and sepsis.A 28 year old female patient developed hematuria in the 32th week of her pregnancy. She was given antibiotic treatment, since a urinary tract infection was suspected. After delivery symptoms of acute pyelonephritis, then sepsis developed, and conservative therapy had no effect. Ultrasound examination showed unusual renal destruction, so nephrectomy was performed. Surgical intervention revealed the presence of an advanced tumor of the kidney, while histological examination confirmed a Bellini duct carcinoma of the kidney.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.011163120875787keywords = duct (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/30. loss of heterozygosity in normal breast epithelial tissue and benign breast lesions in BRCA1/2 carriers with breast cancer.loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of the wild-type BRCA1/2 allele is a reproducible event in breast tumors of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers, but it is unknown if this allelic loss occurs only in association with recognizable histopathologic abnormalities. We evaluated the early genomic changes that occur in the mammary glands of patients with increased predisposition to breast cancer due to germline mutations in the BRCA1/2 genes. We tested the hypothesis that these genomic changes may be detected, not only in histologically abnormal and malignant breast tissues, but also in morphologically normal tissues and in areas with pathologically benign changes. Samples were obtained from five breast cancer patients: four BRCA1 carriers and one BRCA2 carrier. In each case, nontumor tissue areas surrounding the tumor or from other locations of the breast were isolated using laser capture microdissection. We evaluated 29 areas showing normal terminal ductal lobular units (TDLUs) or histopathologically benign changes (in particular, sclerosing adenosis), using a panel of polymorphic dinucleotide microsatellite markers for the BRCA1 gene and other chromosome 17 loci, for the BRCA2 gene and other chromosome 13 loci, and for the FHIT gene on 3p14.2. overall, we analyzed a total of 105 samples of nontumor tissues; LOH was detected in 59 of the 105 (56%). In the normal TDLUs, 15 of 30 samples (50%) showed LOH; in the tissues with benign proliferative changes, such as sclerosing adenosis, 44 of 75 samples showed LOH (59%). Our results suggest that there is a field effect of early genetic events preceding morphologic changes in the mammary glands of BRCA mutation carriers.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ductal, duct (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/30. Invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast with a microglandular adenosis pattern.Invasive breast carcinomas of special type are composed of up to 35% of all cases, such as tubular carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, invasive cribriform carcinoma, lobular carcinoma, metaplastic carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, and other rare variants. They are recognized by their specific growth and morphologic patterns, glandular differentiation, and cytologic and nuclear features. These features are also present as a focal or minor component in many carcinomas of no special type. In addition, there are a number of lesions that are mimickers of invasive carcinoma, which can sometimes create diagnostic difficulties. It is important for pathologists to recognize these histologic variants and mimickers of breast carcinoma, particularly in evaluating needle or core biopsies. We report a case of a 64-year-old woman with breast carcinoma of no special type with areas having features with resemblance to microglandular adenosis. Differential diagnosis and their histologic features are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = ductal, duct (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/30. Bilateral collecting duct carcinoma presenting with tumour associated nephritis and end-stage renal failure. A case report and review of the literature.We present a 55 year old male who was investigated for painless macroscopic haematuria and had essentially normal radiological and cystoscopic findings. He progressed rapidly and was eventually diagnosed with a Collecting Duct Carcinoma. This case is of interest as it is the first reported case of Collecting Duct Carcinoma occurring bilaterally. It is also the first case to cause end stage renal failure requiring dialysis due to extensive tubular involvement. Finally, it is the first time this malignancy has been found to cause a tumour associated nephritis. We describe the clinical course and present the various histological findings followed by a review of the literature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.044652483503149keywords = duct (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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