1/548. Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the salivary gland--a low grade malignant neoplasm? Report of two cases and review of the literature.Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinomas (EMC) are rare neoplasms of the salivary gland with an incidence of less than 1% arising predominantly in the parotid gland. Although they are thought to be of low grade malignancy, fatal courses are described. We report a case of EMC of the parotid gland in a 58-year-old woman with an unfavorable course of this disease in long term follow-up. The malignant potential of this tumor is discussed. In addition, we include another case of EMC of the submandibular gland.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/548. Erosive adenomatosis of the nipple in an eight-year-old girl.Erosive adenomatosis of the nipple (EAN) is a rare, benign neoplasm of breast lactiferous ducts. Peak incidence is in the fifth decade in women. Clinically, it may be mistaken for Paget's disease and, histologically, for adenocarcinoma. Some authors have proposed an association with breast carcinoma and fibrocystic breast changes. Erosive adenomatosis of the nipple is extremely rare in children. Treatment is usually local excision of the nipple. This is the first formal English language case report of EAN in the pediatric age group. It is important for dermatologists to be familiar with this entity to prevent unwarranted breast removal.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/548. High-grade carcinoma component in epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of salivary glands clinicopathological, immunohistochemical and flow-cytometric study of three cases.Three cases of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) with coexisting areas of high grade carcinoma are reported. In two of the cases there was a previous recurrence, and in all three patients there had been a sudden increase in size before final surgery. The typical ductal and myoepithelial components of EMC showed the usual biphasic pattern and the expected immunophenotypes, with expression of wide spectrum cytokeratins, Cam 5.2 and EMA in the ductal part, and muscle-specific actin, smooth muscle actin, S-100 protein, vimentin and cytokeratins in the myoepithelial component. These areas also had a low mitotic count and low proliferation rate as measured by immunohistochemistry and by flow cytometry. Conversely, areas of high-grade tumour had the features of a large cell carcinoma, with focal mucin secretion in two cases. This high-grade component showed an epithelial immunophenotype in two cases, and was negative for all tested markers in the third one. The mitotic counts and the proliferation rates were much higher in these anaplastic areas. One of the patients died 3 months after treatment; another developed lymph node metastases 1 year later and was alive after 6 years of follow-up. The third patient was alive without evidence of disease 7 months after wide surgical resection of the tumour. The possibility of anaplastic transformation in EMC makes thorough sampling mandatory in this type of neoplasm.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/548. Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma arising in the nasal cavity: a case report and review of literature.Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma is an uncommon, low-grade, malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of variable proportions of ductular cells and large, clear staining, myoepithelial cells arranged around the periphery of the ducts. About 120 cases have been reported in the world literature, most of which were located in salivary glands, except for a few cases occurring in unusual locations such as breast, lacrimal gland, nose, paranasal sinus, trachea, bronchus, and lung. We here reported the second case of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the nasal cavity with extension to the nasopharynx. The patient was a 61 year old Chinese female with two month's history of progressive nasal obstruction. Histopathologically, the tumor showed typical myoepithelial and ductal cells biphasic differentiation, duct-like structure and infiltrating growth pattern. Some ductal cells showed the characteristics of oxyphilic cell, which had never been reported before. recurrence and metastasis rates of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma varied from 35% to 50% and 8.1% to 25% respectively in different reports. The present case had neither recurrence nor metastasis twenty months after operation. When epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma is mainly composed of spindle myoepithelial cells, the differential diagnosis should include myoepithelioma, neurofibroma, leiomyoma and hemangiopericytoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/548. Hybrid carcinomas of salivary glands. Report of 4 cases and review of the literature.OBJECTIVE: To report 4 cases of hybrid carcinoma and to review the literature on these rare neoplasms of the salivary gland. methods: hematoxylin-eosin-stained, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 3 parotid tumors and 1 palate tumor were examined. RESULTS: The cases were classified as adenoid cystic and mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenoid cystic and epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma, epithelial-myoepithelial and salivary duct carcinoma, and adenoid cystic and salivary duct carcinoma. All patients were men, 28 to 71 years old; 3 patients presented with parotid mass, and 1 patient presented with palatal mass. One patient presented with facial nerve paralysis and pain. The soft palatal tumor was a slowly growing mass with maxillary sinus involvement at the time of the diagnosis. All patients were treated with surgery and radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Correct identification of 2 or more neoplastic entities will help assess the aggressiveness and metastatic potential of the tumor and influence the clinical course and treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/548. A patient with preclinical Cushing's syndrome and excessive DHEA-S secretion having unilateral adrenal carcinoma and contralateral adenoma.We report a case of preclinical Cushing's syndrome in a 54-year-old male associated with bilateral adrenocortical tumours. Physical findings and general laboratory data were unremarkable except for mild hypertension (158/90 mmHg) and impaired glucose tolerance. Endocrinological evaluation revealed the presence of autonomous cortisol secretion including unsuppressible serum cortisol by 8 mg dexamethasone test (11 microg/dl), high serum DHEA-S (3580 ng/ml, normal: 400-3500) and increased urinary 17-KS excretion (31.0-35.8 mg/day, normal: 5.8-21.3). CT scan demonstrated the presence of tumours in both adrenals and bilateral adrenalectomy was subsequently performed. Histological examination of the resected specimens revealed an adrenocortical carcinoma on the right side and an adenoma on the left side with noticeable cortical atrophy in non-neoplastic adrenals. Immunohistochemical study of steroidogenic enzymes demonstrated that all the steroidogenic enzymes involved in cortisol biosynthesis were expressed in both right and left adrenal tumours. Enzymatic activities of 21, 17alpha, 18, 11beta-hydroxylases were detected in both right and left adrenals except for the absence of 11beta-hydroxylase activity in the left adrenal adenoma. Results of in vitro tissue steroidogenesis examined in short-term tissue culture of the specimens revealed no significant differences between carcinoma and adenoma in cortisol production, but the production of adrenal androgens in carcinoma was significantly higher than that in adenoma, which may indicate the importance of evaluating adrenal androgen levels in patients with adrenocortical neoplasms.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/548. Solitary fibrous tumour of the forearm. A rare tumour in an atypical site.Solitary fibrous tumour (SFT) is a rare spindle cell neoplasm that usually arises from serosal surfaces. Although it is now increasingly recognized in extra-serosal locations, only two previous cases of SFT arising in an extremity have been reported. We describe another such case and review the literature regarding extra-serosal SFT.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/548. temporal bone tumours in patients irradiated for nasopharyngeal neoplasm.radiation-associated tumours are rare complications of radiotherapy. This study seeks to highlight and discuss the clinically challenging problem of radiation-associated tumours (rats) in the temporal bones of seven patients previously irradiated for nasopharyngeal neoplasm. Seven patients (six males and one female) with radiation-associated temporal bone tumours are presented (five squamous cell carcinomas, one osteogenic sarcoma and one chondrosarcoma). The initial nasopharyngeal disease for which radiotherapy was indicated was nasopharyngeal carcinoma (six patients) and nasopharyngeal lymphoma (one patient). The latency period between radiotherapy and presentation of temporal bone tumours ranged from five years to 30 years with a mean of 12.9 years. All the patients underwent surgical tumour resection. Three patients had post-operative radiotherapy and one patient underwent pre- and post-operative chemotherapy. Two patients died from the disease within three months of treatment with one patient surviving 36 months at the time of writing. One patient died from an unrelated medical condition three months after surgery. With refinement in radiotherapy techniques and the resultant increase in patient survival, there may be more patients with radiation-associated tumours in the future. It remains imperative for clinicians to be vigilant when patients previously irradiated for nasopharyngeal carcinoma present with otological symptoms as the key to the successful management of this condition lies in the early detection and expedient treatment of this difficult disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/548. Plexiform leiomyoma of the uterus in a patient with breast carcinoma: case report and review of the literature.Plexiform leiomyomas of the uterus are incidental findings in hysterectomy specimens. Histogenetically, these rare tumors are classified as a variant of epithelioid leiomyomas. Most of the plexiform leiomyomas reported range in size from microscopically small lesions to less than 1 cm in largest diameter, and they macroscopically present as a nodular white-yellowish cut surface. Microscopically, the "Indian-file" pattern of epithelial-like tumor cells of plexiform leiomyomas may be confused with metastatic breast carcinoma, in particular lobular breast carcinoma, i.e.; one of the most frequent extragenital neoplasms metastasizing to the uterus. This report describes the occurrence of a large plexiform leiomyoma in a patient with a history of breast carcinoma, and draws attention to the histological differential diagnosis between these lesions. The results of immunohistochemical stainings for cytokeratin and smooth muscle actin confirmed the final diagnosis of plexiform leiomyoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/548. Endometrial carcinoma in tamoxifen-treated breast cancer patient: clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and genetic analysis.Endometrial polyps and endometrial neoplasms are a recognized complication of chronic tamoxifen treatment. This study describes an endometrial carcinoma that developed in a woman receiving low-dose tamoxifen treatment for breast cancer. Little is known about steroid receptor status, somatic alterations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, and inherited susceptibility in endometrial carcinomas associated with tamoxifen use. In the present case, the endometrial carcinoma was negative for estrogen receptors and weakly positive for progesterone receptors. In addition, analysis of K-ras, c-erbB2/neu, cyclin d1, and p53 status revealed a codon 12 point mutation in the K-ras oncogene. The patient was determined not to be a carrier of germ-line mutations in cytochrome P-450 1A1 (CYP1A1), an estrogen-metabolizing gene previously associated with enhanced endometrial cancer risk, but she was a carrier of a methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene variant related with putative alterations in dna methylation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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