1/12. prenatal diagnosis of fetal cerebellar lesions: a case report and review of the literature.The fetal cerebellar structure, size and consistency are looked at in every system survey. Among the acquired cerebellar events that might change the cerebellar consistency are haemorrhage, infections in utero and neoplasia. Additional fetal malformations, if present, assist in making the final diagnosis. We present a case of an isolated echogenic mass in one of the cerebellar hemispheres along with the differential diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/12. Spinal subdural haematoma mimicking tethered cord after posterior fossa open surgery.We report the MRI findings in a girl aged 3 years and 10 months who developed a spinal subdural haematoma after posterior fossa open surgery for cerebellar malignant rhabdoid tumour. Emergency surgery was performed immediately because of increased intracranial pressure. Control MRI 48 h after surgery showed a spinal subdural haematoma without clinical signs of paresis or bladder dysfunction. Spinal subdural haematoma is rare, and only few cases have been reported, especially in children. This report suggests that "silent" (without clinical symptoms) postoperative spinal acute subdural haemorrhage can occur after posterior fossa surgery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/12. Acquired cerebellar cavernous angioma following childhood radiotherapy in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1.We report the unusual case of a patient with neurofibromatosis type I, who was irradiated 16 years previously for a mesencephalic glioma causing hydrocephalus, and who developed a cerebellar haemorrhage caused by a histologically confirmed cavernous angioma, that was invisible on several earlier MRI scans. The different hypotheses concerning the de novo formation of cavernous angiomas (venous obstructive disease and genetic abnormalities) are succinctly reviewed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/12. Primary choroid plexus papilloma of the cerebellopontine angle: magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomographic and angiographic appearances.The computed tomographic, angiographic and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearances of a benign primary choroid plexus papilloma of the cerebellopontine angle are reported. Although benign, this tumour showed local invasion of the petrous temporal bone and mastoid air cells. The differential diagnosis of cerebellopontine angle lesions is discussed. papilloma is suggested by the presence of a vascular, calcified, enhancing extra-axial mass in or around the cerebellopontine angle. MRI may show evidence of high vascularity and internal haemorrhage. Differentiation from other cerebellopontine tumours, most particularly meningioma, may not be possible on radiological features.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/12. Recurrent dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytoma (Lhermitte-Duclos disease) presenting with subarachnoid haemorrhage.A case of dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytoma recurring after 20 years and representing with subarachnoid haemorrhage is described. Evidence in favour of a neoplastic pathogenesis is presented.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/12. Fatal haemorrhage in medulloblastoma following ventricular drainage. Case report and review of the literature.Haemorrhage in medulloblastoma is reported to be very rare. The authors report a case of a 13-year-old boy who presented with headache, unsteadiness, diplopia and papilloedema due to posterior fossa medulloblastoma causing obstructive hydrocephalus. Six hours following placement of an external ventricular drain, he suddenly became comatose with respiratory arrest. The cause was marked upward herniation of the anterior vermis and downward herniation of the cerebellar tonsils due to massive spontaneous intratumoural haemorrhage extended into the ventricular system. This atypical clinical course of fatal haemorrhage in medulloblastoma after insertion of external ventricular drainage is reported and the literature discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/12. Papillary endothelial hyperplasia associated with repeated bleeding.We report a case of intracranial papillary endothelial hyperplasia (PEH) with subsequent haemorrhage and the possible pathogenesis of bleeding. PEH is a slow growing tumour and for rapid enlargement the process of haemorrhage may be necessary.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/12. Familial cerebral cavernous haemangioma diagnosed in an infant with a rapidly growing cerebral lesion.Cavernous haemangiomas of the central nervous system are vascular malformations best imaged by MRI. They may present at any age, but to our knowledge only 39 cases in the first year of life have previously been reported. A familial form has been described and some of the underlying genetic mutations have recently been discovered. We present the clinical features and serial MRI findings of an 8-week-old boy who presented with subacute intracranial haemorrhage followed by rapid growth of a surgically proven cavernous haemangioma, mimicking a tumour. He also developed new lesions. A strong family history of neurological disease was elucidated. A familial form of cavernous haemangioma was confirmed by identification of a KRIT 1 gene mutation and cavernous haemangiomas in the patient and other family members. We stress the importance of considering cavernous haemangiomas in the context of intracerebral haemorrhage and in the differential diagnosis of rapidly growing lesions in this age group. The family history is also important in screening for familial disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/12. Congenital brain tumours: diagnostic and therapeutic approach. With a report of 3 cases.Three cases of congenital brain tumours are reported, which presented with signs of increased intracranial pressure soon after birth, giving rise to the suspicion of a cerebral haemorrhage or of hydrocephalus. Correct diagnosis of tumour was established by computerised tomography, which additionally demonstrated a concomitant haematoma in each case. Two of the newborns had a primarily fatal course, with no specific treatment of the tumours being feasible. The remaining child underwent two operations, experiencing an unhindered neurologic and mental development thereafter. The histologic diagnoses were spongioblastoma and medulloblastoma in the first two cases, and ganglioneuroblastoma in the last. A conspicuous clinicopathologic feature of this neuroblastoma was the marked change in its growth pattern, revealing a higher degree of histologic differentiation and less malignant biological behaviour when tumour regrowth occurred. The diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic implications for this special clinicopathologic condition are discussed, with a review of the relevant literature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/12. Radiological features of subependymoma with emphasis on computed tomography.The features of 17 symptomatic subependymomas on X-ray computed tomography are described. Thirteen were reviewed from isolated case reports and 4 were original material. Over half were entirely intraventricular, 6 extended into brain substance and 2 into subarachnoidal cisterns. Twelve were isodense, 15 showed diffuse but irregular enhancement, and 5 contained nodular calcification. Large low density cysts, intratumoural haemorrhage and brain oedema were found almost exclusively in lesions extending into brain substance. It is concluded that subependymomas resemble ependymomas too closely on CT to be distinguished radiographically from them as a separate group. However subependymomas contain calcification slightly less frequently, and usually appear as mainly intraventricular lesions even when they occur above the tentorium.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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