1/12. Postoperative stroke in a child with cerebral palsy heterozygous for factor v Leiden.A 5-year-old with spastic quadraparetic cerebral palsy suffered multiple strokes after extensive orthopedic surgery. Coagulation testing was undertaken to determine whether a familial thrombophilia was present. The patient was found to be heterozygous for factor v Leiden. factor v Leiden may be a risk factor for central nervous system events in special-needs children, particularly when common medical conditions create additional procoagulant risks.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/12. Transient erectile dysfunction associated with intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin type A.autonomic nervous system dysfunction occurs rarely after botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) intramuscular injections. We report a case of a 23-year-old man with spastic diplegia who had transient erectile dysfunction after intramuscular injection of BTX-A (total dosage, 300 IU, body weight 95 kg) in both hamstring muscles. Some investigators believe that the local spread of the toxin is responsible for autonomic dysfunction, while others believe that the transportation of the toxin to the spinal cord via retrograde flow or via the blood flow after entering the circulation are possible mechanisms of neurologic side effects. On the basis of our case, a retrograde axoplasmic flow to the spinal cord could probably occur because the spinal cord level of hamstring muscles is close to spinal cord levels responsible for erection control.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25853476131654keywords = nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/12. incontinentia pigmenti associated with cerebral palsy and cerebral leukomalacia: a case report and literature review.incontinentia pigmenti (IP) is a multisystem disorder with characteristic cutaneous signs. After the skin, the central nervous system is the next most affected system. We report a child with IP and left-sided hemiparesis and cerebral periventricular leukomalacia on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The MRI findings would support ischemia sustained perinatally.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/12. Orthopaedic aspects of children with infectious (central nervous system) postnatal cerebral palsy.Twenty-two children (15 girls, 7 boys) with postnatal infectious cerebral palsy were reviewed at an average age of 8 years. Orthopaedic deformities were noted in 82% of all children and involved the upper extremity (41%), spine (45%), hips (68%), knees (32%), and feet and ankles (55%). Both typical and atypical cerebral palsy deformities were noted, often severe. Surgical correction of deformities achieved 77% satisfactory results. Bony procedures did better than soft tissue procedures, especially around the hip.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/12. Congenital corectopia (eccentric pupils): a marker for chromosomal and central nervous system abnormality.We present a case series of five children with congenital corectopia without any associated ocular cause: three had chromosomal abnormalities; one a probable prenatal diplegia, and one bilateral perisylvian dysplasia with vermian and midbrain hypoplasia. Bilateral congenital corectopia is an ophthalmic sign that merits chromosomal analysis and neuro-developmental assessment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/12. Sequelae of perinatal central nervous system damage after long-term survival.We presented the case of a 78-year-old man with mental retardation and spastic paraparesis diagnosed early in life as cerebral palsy. Six years prior to demise he had post-traumatic subdural hematoma, which was removed surgically. The neuropathological examination revealed the sequelae of the recent trauma, superimposed on the extensive old lesions. Cavitary changes in the periventricular white matter and cortical ulegyria in the border zones of the major cerebral arteries vascularization were characteristic of perinatal hypoxic-ischemic lesions. Peculiar in the ulegyria were extensive areas with numerous corpora amylacea adjacent to the areas of fibrillar and cellular gliosis. Another sequelae of involution processes was the atrophy of brain hemispheres (secondary microcephaly). The case appears to be an example of the late degenerative involution changes developing on the background of lesions originated from the perinatal period.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/12. Pseudohemiparesis and tourette syndrome.Three patients with tourette syndrome and transient recurrent hemiparetic posturing (pseudohemiparesis) are presented. The transient nature of this posturing is not consistent with a static central nervous system deficit. It is felt that the tourette syndrome symptomatology and pseudohemiparesis share a common pathophysiology. The inclusion of pseudohemiparesis in the differential diagnosis for cerebral palsy is suggested.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/12. serotonin levels in the blood and central nervous system of a patient with sudanophilic leukodystrophy.A case report is presented of a boy with the infantile spasm syndrome beginning at eight months of age. He had a clinical course marked by increasingly severe seizures and neurological regression. After death at twenty-one months of age, autopsy of the central nervous system revealed demyelination of white matter with sparing of arcuate fibers. An earlier born male sibling had had a similar clinical pattern but died without an autopsy. During his lifetime, the patient had markedly elevated levels of 5-hydroxyindoles (a measure of serotonin) in his blood. At autopsy, the level of 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) in four grey matter areas of the brain was lower than those of a control who died on the same day. This is the first case reporting a comparison of blood and central nervous system levels of 5-hydroxytrypamine in a child.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/12. A new form of sea-blue histiocytosis associated with progressive anterior horn cell and axonal degeneration.A 15-year-old girl evidenced a slowly progressive central nervous system degenerative disorder. The illness had begun and progressed between ages 1 and 12 years, with ataxia, spasticity, choreoathetosis, early-onset seizures (which later ceased), and mild retardation. At age 13 she had developed rapidly progressive generalized weakness and atrophy, indicating peripheral nervous system involvement. Laboratory investigation revealed the presence of sea-blue histiocytes in the bone marrow without evidence of a disorder of sphingolipid metabolism or neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. Muscle biopsy showed large- and small-group atrophy, and sural nerve biopsy demonstrated axonal degeneration. This patient's illness appears to be a hitherto undescribed form of "sea-blue histiocytosis" associated with neurological dysfunction in children.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.2585347613165keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/12. The many faces of methylmercury poisoning.Methylmercury (MM) is a very potent neurotoxic agent. Its role in polluting the environment is well documented. A vast amount of study over the past several decades has finally provided insight into many aspects of its effect. Exposure to MM may be through ingestion of poisoned fish or inadvertent misuse of grain treated with the poison as a fungicide. Major epidemics have occurred in japan (Fetal Minamata disease), iraq, pakistan, guatemala, and ghana. Sporadic incidences have occurred in the united states and canada. There is no effective antidote to counteract the effect of MM on the central nervous system, although the information documented should provide hope for more effective therapy in acute cases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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