1/6. Severe malnutrition due to subtle neurologic deficits and epilepsy: report of three cases.In southern and eastern africa, where approximately eight per cent of households lack access to adequate food, children suffering from chronic infections such as tuberculosis, gastrointestinal parasites and human immunodeficiency virus, often present with severe protein energy malnutrition. Three cases are described of children presenting to Chikankata Salvation Army Hospital who required hospitalization and urgent feeding due to PEM. No underlying aetiology for their life-threatening PEM could initially be identified and they were all observed to gain weight while in the intensive feeding unit. After discharge, each re-presented with recurrent failure-to-thrive and were found to have subtle neurologic deficits and underlying epilepsy. epilepsy and developmental disabilities should be considered in patients with PEM for whom other aetiologies cannot be identified.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = deficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/6. acrodermatitis acidemica secondary to malnutrition in glutaric aciduria type I.We encountered a patient with glutaric aciduria type I (GA-I) associated with skin lesions resembling acrodermatitis enteropathica (AE). This child was being fed with a low-protein diet when the skin disorder developed. A deficiency in plasma levels of essential amino acids, particularly isoleucine, and zinc was confirmed. Supplementation of a high-caloric, protein-rich diet together with zinc, selenium and vitamins led to a prompt improvement of the skin lesions. We assume that in our patient the skin lesions were the result of malnutrition, rather than being primarily associated with the underlying metabolic disease. To our knowledge, no other report is so far available concerning GA-I complicated by skin eruptions.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.9558887666083keywords = deficiency, vitamin (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/6. vitamin d deficiency in breast-fed toddlers.SUMMARY: The evaluation of genu varum and intoeing in young toddlers is a frequent problem seen by the primary care physician and the orthopaedic surgeon. This report describes six nonwhite breast-fed toddlers with extreme genu varum. Clinical and radiographic findings were consistent with vitamin D-deficiency rickets. Within 3 to 6 months of the initiation of ergocalciferol treatment, reparative processes were evident on both radiographic and clinical examinations. Laboratory studies also showed underlying correction. With the current emphasis on the benefits of breast-feeding and the limitation of sunlight, this diagnosis must remain on the differential in the evaluation of genu varum.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5.9558887666083keywords = deficiency, vitamin (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/6. Shwachman syndrome: a case report.Cutaneous involvement is frequent in Shwachman syndrome, and includes various degrees of dry skin, and eczematous and ichthyosiform lesions. A 12-year-old boy with Shwachman syndrome had cutaneous involvement characterized by dry skin, perioral dermatitis, and follicular keratosis. Polymorphonuclear motility was decreased. A nutrition work-up showed a decrease in liposoluble vitamins, and suggested a causative link with the skin lesions.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.95588876660834keywords = vitamin (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/6. Brown bowel syndrome: a late complication of intestinal atresia.Two children, aged 11 years, who originally had jejunal atresia corrected in the neonatal period, developed massive dilatation of the proximal small intestine. This resulted in circular muscular hypertrophy with lipofuscin deposits giving the typical appearance of "brown bowel." The condition was associated with malnutrition and vitamin e deficiency. Because of relatively short bowel, the condition was treated by limited resection and extensive tapering of the dilated segment, end-to-end reanastomosis, vitamin E supplementation, and intensive nutritional support.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.9117775332167keywords = deficiency, vitamin (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/6. Clinical manifestations of nutritional copper deficiency in infants and children.A series of reports in the 1960s highlighted nutritional copper deficiencies in infants and children recovering from malnutrition in peru; since that time, a cascade of additional cases in premature infants, in patients receiving total parenteral nutrition, and in those receiving special diets or unmodified cow milk have been reported. The identification by Danks that Menkes syndrome, a genetically determined defect in copper absorption and utilization, is responsible for the observed clinical manifestations provided further insight into the physiopathologic effects of copper deficiency. New information on the metabolism and physiologic role of copper, plus the identification of additional copper metalloenzymes and improvement in how to determine copper status, has fueled interpretation and speculation on how and why the classic signs of copper deficiency occur, as well as on the possible effects of mild deficiencies. Also under scrutiny are potential interactions between other elements and the effects of other elements, even when given in acceptable amounts, on copper status. There should be no constraints in thinking on other possible effects of impaired copper status in humans. I review some of the history of nutritional copper deficiency in infants and children and attempt to interpret some of the clinical manifestations in light of newly acquired information.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7keywords = deficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |