1/11. Widespread cutaneous carcinomas associated with human papillomaviruses 5, 14 and 20 after introduction of methotrexate in two long-term PUVA-treated patients.BACKGROUND: PUVA treatment for patients with severe psoriasis has been demonstrated to be highly effective. However, an increased risk of nonmelanoma and melanoma skin cancers has been reported. It is generally accepted that the risk of squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) is significantly increased in patients with long-term puva therapy. The role of methotrexate (MTX) and infection with oncogenic human papillomaviruses which may act as cocarcinogens is poorly documented. case reports: Two cases of multiple SCCs associated with numerous PUVA keratoses and PUVA freckles after long-term puva therapy and subsequent treatment with MTX are presented. In 1 case, the tumor progressed to metastatic SCC. Tumors and scrapings of psoriatic skin lesions were analyzed for the presence of oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes. The genotype of HPV-5, -14 and -20 was detected in scrapings and skin tumors using PCR amplification. CONCLUSION: These observations support the concept that long-term PUVA treatment is carcinogenic and rise questions concerning an additional influence of MTX in the development and progression of skin cancer. The risk of metastatic SCC seems to be underestimated in high-dose PUVA-treated patients due to longer latency for developing metastases and the small number of studies with long-term follow-up. Treatment with MTX should be considered cautiously in patients previously exposed to high doses of PUVA. The presence of oncogenic HPVs in carcinomas and psoriatic skin lesions detected only with the highly sensitive nested PCR method is not necessarily a proof of their implication in skin carcinogenesis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/11. Squamous cutaneous epithelial cell carcinoma in two CML patients with progressive disease under imatinib treatment.Imatinib (glivec), formerly known as STI571) effectively blocks the ATP-binding site of the bcr/abl fusion protein thereby inactivating selectively the tyrosine kinase activity of bcr/abl. Therefore, it is a promising drug in philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukemia showing high hematologic and cytogenetic response rates combined with a mild toxicity profile. Here we report two cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, which appeared in the photo-exposed areas in two elderly patients treated for advanced chronic myeloid leukemia with imatinib. The role of chemotherapy, chronic sun exposure and of possible additional risk factors such as human papillomavirus infection is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83333333333333keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/11. Human papillomavirus type 11 in multiple squamous cell carcinomas in a patient with subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus.Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare complication of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (LE). Aside from the documented role of ultraviolet light, SCC may arise in areas of chronic scarring, such as in lesions of discoid LE. Iatrogenic immunosuppression associated with organ transplantation also results in a predisposition to SCC, often with multiple tumors. A role for certain human papillomaviruses (HPV) in the development of squamous cell carcinoma has been documented; specifically, HPV types 5 and 8 are detected in SCCs in patients with epidermodysplasia verruciformis and in recipients of organ transplants. HPV-11 is generally found in benign genital condylomata or laryngeal papillomas, but has not yet been associated with malignancy. We describe a patient with non-scarring cutaneous LE who was treated with azathioprine and prednisone and developed multiple SCCs. HPV-11 dna and the target oncogenes neu and Ki-ras were detected in tumor tissue with the polymerase chain reaction. The HPV may have been involved in tumor induction and the azathioprine may have been involved in tumor promotion.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/11. lung cancer in a Thorotrast administered patient.A 79-year-old man developed small cell carcinoma in the lung 43 years after Thorotrast-injection. The tumor with interstitial fibrosis arose in the periphery of the lung. Thorotrast particles were observed in the liver, spleen, bone marrow, and lymph nodes but not in the lungs. Four other Japanese cases of lung cancer after Thorotrast injection were reviewed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/11. bowen's disease and squamous cell carcinoma. Occurrence in a patient with psoriasis after topical, systemic, and puva therapy.Multiple lesions of bowen's disease and squamous cell carcinoma on the penis and pubic areas developed in a 32-year-old patient with psoriasis who was undergoing treatment with psoralen and long-wave ultraviolet radiation (PUVA). A cumulative dose of more than 3,700 joules/sq cm of UVA had been administered over a three-year period. This case may be an early warning of possible carcinogenicity of puva therapy, alone or as part of sequential therapy with other agents.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83333333333333keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/11. Exposure to chemicals, physical agents, and biologic agents in mycosis fungoides and the sezary syndrome.The history of occupational, environmental, and/or iatrogenic exposure to potential carcinogenic agents was obtained at the time of onset of skin disease in 43 of 44 patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides and the sezary syndrome) entering a National Cancer Institute therapeutic trial. A history of multiple exposures to these agents was common, the two most frequent being chemicals (91% of patients) and drugs (86%). Mean duration of expsosure was 13 years for chemicals and 18 years for drugs. The most common chemicals were air pollutants (39%), pesticides (36%), solvents and vapors (30%), and detergents and disinfectants (14%). Increased severity of disease was seen with increaed duration of chemical exposure in stage V cutaneous T-cell lymphomas only. The most frequent drugs besides tobacco (86%) were analgesics (20%), tranquilizers (18%), and thiazides (14%). Second cancers occurred in four patients, including two renal cell carcinomas, and a family history of cancer was present in 11. Fourteen of 22 patients questioned had recurrent herpes simplex. patients with chronic skin disease who have long-term exposure to combinations of chemicals, physical agents, and biologic agents, are heavy smokers, or have recurrent herpes simplex appear to be prime candidates for developing mycosis fungoides or the sezary syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/11. Co-carcinogenesis and field cancerization: oral lesions offer first signs.This article describes two cases of multifocal synchronous cell squamous cell carcinoma in high-risk patients. The initial presentation in both instances was an erythroplakic oral lesion. The importance of the team approach between the dentist and the oncologist for quality patient care is underscored.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/11. Transformation of common warts into squamous cell carcinoma on sun-exposed areas in an immunosuppressed patient.We report one case of renal transplant recipient who developed widespread multiple verrucous skin lesions. Histologic examination revealed typical warts and, only from several sites exposed to sun (hands and face), a development of dysplasia within the warts and a transformation of some of them toward infiltrating squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Human papillomavirus (HPV) testing for dna by polymerase chain reaction dna amplification identified HPV type 1 in both warts and SCC. Our findings suggest that classic warts may progress to high-grade lesions and that, in addition to the oncogenic potential of the virus alone, other factors including the host's immunosuppressed state and ultraviolet radiation seem to be essential to malignant transformation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83333333333333keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/11. Metastatic tumors to postextraction sites.review of the literature revealed 55 cases where tooth extraction preceded the discovery of metastases. The lung and breast were the most common sources of the metastasis, and the mandibular premolar area was the most common site. A soft tissue mass extruding from a recent extraction wound, and accompanied by pain, were the main symptoms in most patients. The mean time from discovery of the metastasis to death was 3.8 months. tooth extraction appears to serve as a promoting factor in the metastatic process. A case of metastatic transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder involving the area of a recently extracted mandibular third molar is reported.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/11. Aggressive squamous cell carcinomas developing in patients receiving long-term azathioprine.We report three patients who developed unusually aggressive squamous cell carcinomas after receiving long-term azathioprine treatment for dermatological disorders. Two patients gave a history suggestive of moderate to excessive sun exposure, and the third suffered from chronic actinic dermatitis. Hence, ultraviolet light damage may have been a significant cofactor in the development of these malignancies. Careful follow-up is necessary in patients who are taking azathioprine long term, and who have previously been excessively exposed to ultraviolet light (UVL), or in whom future exposure is likely to be excessive. We suggest that strict sun avoidance measures are followed by patients on long-term azathioprine, or that alternatives to azathioprine therapy are considered, especially in individuals inherently at risk of UVL damage, and in those already showing clinical signs of such damage.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83333333333333keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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