1/345. Wasting of the small hand muscles in upper and mid-cervical cord lesions.Four patients are described with destructive rheumatoid arthritis of the cervical spine and neurogenic wasting of forearm and hand muscles. The pathological connection is not immediately obvious, but a relationship between these two observations is described here with clinical, radiological, electrophysiological and necropsy findings. Compression of the anterior spinal artery at upper and mid-cervical levels is demonstrated to be the likely cause of changes lower in the spinal cord. These are shown to be due to the resulting ischaemia of the anterior part of the lower cervical spinal cord, with degeneration of the neurones innervating the forearm and hand muscles. These findings favour external compression of the anterior spinal artery leading to ischaemia in a watershed area as the likeliest explanation for this otherwise inappropriate and bizarre phenomenon.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/345. Transient peduncular hallucinations secondary to brain stem compression by a cerebellar pilocytic astrocytoma.Almost all peduncular hallucinations have been described in patients with intrinsic lesions of the midbrain. An, as yet, unreported case of peduncular hallucinosis caused by posterior compression of the midbrain by a cerebellar pilocytic astrocytoma is described. The hallucinations and associated symptoms only ceased after removal of the tumour.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/345. Endobronchial stenting for extrinsic compression caused by pulsatile pulmonary artery in a 4-week-old infant.Respiratory compromise secondary to external vascular compression may complicate the course of infants and neonates undergoing repair of congeni tal heart disease. Management of such complications usually involves prolonged ventilatory support and even additional high-risk surgical procedures. In recent years, endobronchial placement of self-expanding stents became a realistic treatment option, although there is controversy as to which of the many stents available today give the best results. We report the first successful endobronchial placement of a self-expanding stent in a 4-week-old infant. This conservative treatment for extrinsic airway compression led to the rapid extubation and recovery of the patient.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/345. superior sagittal sinus obstruction and tuberculous abscess.Intracranial tumours such as meningiomas may occasionally produce raised intracranial pressure by occluding a venous sinus. More uncommonly, midline tumours in the occipital regions of the skull can produce elevated intracranial pressure by non-thrombotic compression of the superior sagittal sinus. We present a case of raised intracranial pressure secondary to non-thrombotic obstruction of the superior sagittal sinus by a midline tuberculous abscess.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/345. Superior mesenteric artery (Wilkie's) syndrome: report of three cases and review of the literature.Of the three cases of superior mesenteric artery (Wilkie's) syndrome presented, one was associated with anorexia nervosa; this association has not been reported before. Two patients were treated surgically with a duodenojejunostomy, and one was treated medically. Vascular compression of the duodenum is a controversial subject. The syndrome probably is more common than generally recognized and is underdiagnosed due to its exclusion from the differential diagnosis of small-bowel obstruction. Its recognition is important because early diagnosis of a partial obstruction may allow for medical rather than surgical intervention, as exemplified by our third case.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/345. Left main coronary artery compression by aneurysmal pulmonary artery in a patient with tetralogy of fallot with absent pulmonary valve.We describe an 11-year-old girl with tetralogy of fallot and absent pulmonary valve, who on selective coronary angiography was found to have extrinsic compression of the left main coronary artery by the aneurysmally dilated pulmonary artery. This abnormality has not been reported previously.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/345. Posterior decompression of the vertebral artery narrowed by cervical osteophyte: case report.BACKGROUND: Symptomatic vertebral artery compression caused by cervical spondylosis usually is caused by compression of the artery by osteophytes arising from the uncinate process. Compression from facet joint osteophytes is seldom reported. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 69-year-old male developed symptomatic vertebral artery stenosis secondary to an osteophyte arising from the superior facet of the sixth cervical vertebra posterior to the artery. A posterior decompression of the vertebral artery with removal of the offending facet joint complex relieved the patient's transient neurologic events. CONCLUSION: Symptomatic vertebral artery stenosis may be caused by osteophytes compressing the vertebral artery anteriorly from the uncinate process or posteriorly from the facet complex.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/345. Marked increase in flow velocities during deep expiration: A duplex Doppler sign of celiac artery compression syndrome.Symptoms of chronic mesenteric ischemia develop when the celiac artery is constricted by the median arcuate ligament of the diaphragm. Lateral aortography is the primary modality for diagnosing ligamentous compression of the celiac artery. However, duplex Doppler sonography performed during deep expiration can cause a marked increase in flow velocities at the compressed region of the celiac artery and suggest the diagnosis of celiac arterial constriction due to the diaphragmatic ligament.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/345. blindness from bad bones.Progressive visual loss is the most common neurologic finding in osteopetrosis. Several mechanisms may explain this phenomenon, including compression of the optic nerves caused by bony overgrowth of the optic canals and retinal degeneration. We report a child with osteopetrosis and progressive visual loss, even though patent optic canals were demonstrated by computed tomography and digital holography. This patient's visual loss was caused by increased intracranial pressure secondary, to obstruction of cerebral venous outflow at the jugular foramen. This case points to the importance of a full evaluation of the skull base foramina in the diagnostic workup of visual loss in patients with osteopetrosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/345. Supraarterial decompression myotomy for myocardial bridging in a child.A 10-year-old boy presented with a history of exertional chest pain. An electrocardiogram demonstrated an inferior apical myocardial infarction. Cardiac catheterization revealed myocardial bridging of the left anterior descending coronary artery with evidence of intramyocardial obstruction during systole. The patient underwent successful treatment with supraarterial decompression myotomy and remains symptom free at 1 year.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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