1/14. Rescue revascularization for acute coronary occlusion late after radiotherapy.Because radiation-induced coronary artery stenoses are frequently severe and located proximally, some patients are admitted in emergency. This report describes the case of a 47-year-old woman with radiation-induced stenosis of the left main coronary artery who presented with cardiac arrest during angiography. The patient was successfully treated using circulatory assistance and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty as a bridge to coronary artery bypass grafting.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = radiation-induced (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/14. Directional coronary atherectomy for the diagnosis and treatment of radiation-induced coronary artery stenosis.While radiation therapy has been known to cause myocardial and pericardial damage, its role in accentuating coronary artery disease in the absence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors has been controversial. As younger patients with treatable cancers are being treated with mediastinal radiation, coronary artery disease as a cause for severe chest pain should be entertained as a possible diagnosis. We describe a 25-year-old male who presented with an inferior wall myocardial infarction 6 years after receiving mediastinal radiation and chemotherapy for Hodgkin's disease. He was subsequently treated by directional atherectomy to a 95% lesion in the right coronary artery. Histological examination of the atherectomy specimen revealed evidence of radiation-induced endothelial damage that had resulted in plaque formation and subsequent ischemia. Possible mechanisms for radiation-induced coronary artery disease and treatment options are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = radiation-induced (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/14. Mediastinal irradiation: A risk factor for atherosclerosis of the internal thoracic arteries.Previous radiotherapy to the thorax is a risk factor for coronary artery disease. patients with radiation-induced atherosclerosis tend to be young and frequently have lesions involving the coronary ostia and left anterior descending artery. Bypass is often the most suitable method of revascularization, and given the young age of the patient, arterial conduits would be considered superior to vein grafts. However, the internal thoracic arteries can lie within the radiation field and may not be free of atherosclerosis. A 40-year-old man who required coronary artery bypass grafting for multivessel coronary artery disease 11 years following radiotherapy for Hodgkin's lymphoma is reported. Preoperative angiography showed that the right internal thoracic artery had significant atherosclerosis and was unsuitable as a conduit.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = radiation-induced (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/14. radiation-induced ostial stenosis of the coronary artery as a cause of acute coronary syndromes: a novel mechanism of thrombus formation?Mediastinal irradiation can induce coronary artery disease characterized by fibrous lesions developing in the absence of lipid/foam cell accumulation. We document several consecutive cases of acute coronary artery occlusion developing over radiation-induced lesions in patients who were relatively young, without evidence of classical risk factors for atherosclerosis, and in whom the coronary vasculature was otherwise apparently free of disease. The finding of acute coronary artery occlusion at the site of a fibrous lesion lends further support to the hypothesis that acute coronary syndromes may not necessarily be identifiable with ulceration/disruption of the atherosclerotic plaque as the underlying mechanism of acute thrombus formation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = radiation-induced (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/14. Use of internal mammary artery in radiation-induced coronary artery disease.In 3 patients who had been subjected to mediastinal irradiation for breast cancer, the internal mammary artery was used as a conduit for myocardial revascularization. Intraoperatively, in all patients the internal mammary artery exhibited excellent blood flow and except for mild adhesions between the pericardium and epicardium no unusual technical problems were encountered. Preoperative assessment of the internal mammary artery by angiography is recommended in patients with radiation-induced coronary artery disease who are scheduled to undergo myocardial revascularization with intended use of the internal mammary artery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.5keywords = radiation-induced (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/14. Use of the internal mammary artery for myocardial revascularization in a patient with radiation-induced coronary artery disease.A 9-year-old boy with clinical stage IIA Hodgkin's disease underwent radiotherapy to the neck and mediastinum. Twenty-two years later, he sought medical attention because of angina pectoris. cardiac catheterization revealed proximally located high-grade stenoses of the left main, left anterior descending, circumflex, and right coronary arteries. He underwent coronary artery bypass grafting with use of the left internal mammary artery to the left anterior descending coronary artery and reversed saphenous vein grafts to the circumflex and right coronary arteries. The postoperative course was uncomplicated. Previous radiotherapy to the mediastinum should be considered a risk factor for the development of premature coronary artery disease. Surgical revascularization is the preferred method of management. A combination of an internal mammary artery graft and a saphenous vein graft should be used in young patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = radiation-induced (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/14. radiation-induced coronary artery disease.radiation-induced heart disease must be considered in any patient with cardiac symptomatology who had prior mediastinal irradiation. radiation can affect all the structures in the heart, including the pericardium, the myocardium, the valves and the conduction system. In addition to these pathologies, coronary artery disease following mediastinal radiotherapy is the most actual cardiac pathology as it may cause cardiac emergencies requiring interventional cardiological or surgical interventions. Case A 36-year-old man was admitted to the clinic with unstable angina pectoris of one month duration. The patient had no coronary artery disease risk factor. The history of the patient revealed that he had mediastinal radiotherapy due to Hodgkin's disease at 10-year of age. Coronary arteriography showed total occlusion of the left anterior descending artery and 70% stenosis of the proximal right coronary artery. Both arteries are dilated with placement of two stents. Control coronary arteriography at the end of the first year showed patency of both stents and the patient is free of symptoms. Previous radiotherapy to the mediastinum should be considered as a risk factor for the development of premature coronary artery disease. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with stent placement or surgical revascularization are the preferred methods of treatment. Preoperative assessment of internal thoracic arteries should be considered prior to surgery. As the radiation therapy is currently the standard treatment for a number of mediastinal malignancies, routine screening of these patients and optimal cardiac prevention during radiotherapy are the only ways to minimize the incidence of radiation-induced heart disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = radiation-induced (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/14. Post-radiotherapeutic left main coronary ostial stenosis: clinical and histological study.Pericardial abnormalities remain the most common manifestation of radiation-induced cardiac disease, but coronary artery lesions are not rare. In this report we describe a left coronary ostial stenosis which appeared five years after mediastinal irradiation for breast carcinoma in a 50-year-old woman. The patient underwent coronary angiography. A pressure drop was observed as the left catheter tip engaged the left coronary ostium; so, only nonselective coronary opacifications were performed showing an isolated, marked narrowing of the left coronary ostia. During surgery, a circumferential aortotomy allowed the examination of the left coronary ostium which appeared severely stenosed. The coronary tree was otherwise normal. A termino-terminal saphenous vein graft was anastomosed on the left stem and its proximal part was implanted on the ascending aorta. The coronary ostium and the proximal part of the left main stem were excised and the macroscopic examination of the proximal part of the left coronary artery confirmed the diagnosis of severe ostial stenosis. Microscopic examination of the coronary ostium showed a severe intimal thickening without any evident lesion of the media. This intimal thickening consisted of fibrous tissue without extracellular lipid deposit. Microscopic examination of the aorta near the coronary ostium also demonstrated an intimal thickening without any lesion of the media. Coronary ostial stenosis appears to be a rare lesion; its incidence has varied between 0.13 and 2.7% in angiographic studies and there is co-existing disease in multiple coronary vessels in the majority of cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = radiation-induced (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/14. radiation-induced accelerated coronary arteriosclerosis.There is a paucity of information on radiation-induced coronary heart disease. A young patient with myocardial infarction following mediastinal irradiation is described. The role of radiotherapy and chemotherapy on the subsequent development of coronary heart disease is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = radiation-induced (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/14. radiation-induced mitral and tricuspid regurgitation with severe ostial coronary artery disease: a case report with successful surgical treatment.A 71-year-old woman presented with congestive heart failure due to severe mitral and tricuspid regurgitations. In addition, she had significant ostial right coronary stenosis. She received radiation therapy following left radical mastectomy for carcinoma of breast in the past. She underwent successful combined mitral valve replacement, tricuspid annuloplasty, and coronary artery bypass graft for radiation-induced heart disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = radiation-induced (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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