1/10. Ventriculojugular shunt nephritis with Corynebacterium bovis. Successful therapy with antibiotics.A patient with hydrocephalus and a ventriculojugular shunt presented with acute nephritis, nephrotic syndrome (proteinuria 10 g/24 hours), decreased complement levels, circulating immune complexes and diminished creatinine clearance (41 ml/min). Seven blood cultures grew Corynebacterium bovis. A renal biopsy specimen revealed mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis by light microscopy, and thickened glomerular basement membranes with areas of increased granular density by electron microscopy. Immunofluorescent examination of the biopsy specimen demonstrated 2 granular glomerular basement membrane deposits of immunoglobulin M (IgM), with trace third component of complement (C-3), fourth component of complement (C-4) and immunoglobulin g (IgG). rabbits immunized with C. bovis produced a line of partial identity in agar with patient serum against a sonicate of C. bovis. Indirect fluorescein staining of the biopsy specimen with the rabbit antiserum demonstrated 1 granular glomerular basement membrane deposits. potassium thiocyanate microelution of sections prior to examination markedly diminished staining with antihuman antiserum, but did not affect staining with rabbit antiserum. Following initial therapy with intravenous penicillin for six weeks the bacteremia cleared, serum complement levels returned to normal, proteinuria decreased and creatinine clearance increased. A relapse occured four weeks later with decreased complement levels, increased proteinuria and decreased creatinine clearance. blood cultures were again positive for C. bovis. Following therapy with erythromycin and rifampin, the bacteremia cleared and there was a sustained improvement of all parameters. To our knowledge, this is the first time an association has been noted between C. bovis ventriculojugular shunt infection and glomerulonephritis. These findings support the potential role of C. bovis as an etiologic agent in human renal disease and further define the immune complex nature of shunt nephritis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = membrane (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/10. Corynebacterium striatum peritoneal dialysis catheter exit site infection.BACKGROUND: Regarded as normal flora of the human skin and mucus membranes, non-diphtheria corynebacteria are frequently dismissed as contaminants or harmless colonizers. Recently, the pathogenic potential of C. striatum has been realized in immunocompromised patients with indwelling medical devices and previous antibiotic exposure. OBJECTIVE: We report here the diagnosis, treatment and clinical outcome of a peritoneal dialysis patient with a C. striatum infection of the catheter exit site. The aim is to present important features to assist in identifying clinically significant infections and provide guidelines for treatment. RESULTS: An immunocompromised patient with previous antimicrobial exposure developed an acute dialysis catheter exit site infection. C. striatum was isolated in pure growth. After initial treatment failure with oral antibiotics and intensified wound care, a satisfactory outcome was ultimately achieved without relapse or loss of the catheter with a 1-month course of vancomycin, 1 g intravenously, administered at 5-day intervals. CONCLUSIONS: The virulent capacity of Corynebacterium species should not be underestimated, particularly in high-risk patients. The presence of clinical signs of infection with isolation of the organism in pure culture and the presence of Gram-positive rods on direct Gram stain, especially in association with a leukocyte reaction, supports a cause and effect relationship. Because corynebacteria may be multiresistant, susceptibility testing should be performed on clinically significant isolates. Initial antibiotic selection is influenced by the severity of the infection, however, current experience favors vancomycin in significant infections.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = membrane (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/10. Lower respiratory tract infections due to non-diphtheria corynebacteria in 8 patients with underlying lung diseases.Non-Diphtheria corynebacteria had been considered a commensal habitant of the human skin and mucous membrane. There are few reports of pulmonary infections due to Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum or other non-diphtheria corynebacteria occurring in immunocompetent patients. From 1978 to 1986, 8 patients with lower respiratory tract infections with Corynebacterium sp. was observed. In 6 of 8 instances the causative microorganism was C. pseudodiphtheriticum. The above 8 patients had underlying pulmonary diseases but were not associated with immunosuppressive state, except one. Seven of them recovered from the infection in response to antimicrobial therapy. All 6 isolates of C. pseudodiphtheriticum were sensitive to nine antimicrobial agents which were six beta-lactam agents, gentamicin, minocycline and norfloxacin.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 112.66475264869keywords = mucous membrane, membrane (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/10. Trichomicosis pubis: black variety.A case of a 25 year old man with the black variety of trichomicosis pubis is presented on account of its extreme rareity. Scanning electron microscopy confirms that trichomicosis pubis is caused by bacterial colonisation of the pubic hair and shows that bacteria are able to penetrate cuticular horny cells directly through their free plasma membrane.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = membrane (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/10. Corynebacterium striatum: a diphtheroid with pathogenic potential.Although nondiphtherial corynebacteria are ubiquitous in nature and commonly colonize the skin and mucous membranes of humans, they rarely account for clinical infection. Corynebacterium striatum has rarely been reported to be a pathogen, causing pleuropulmonary infections and bacteremia in only immunocompromised or anatomically altered patients. We noted C. striatum to be the infecting pathogen or copathogen in six patients. To our knowledge, this report describes the first cases of C. striatum causing infection of exist sites of central venous catheters, thrombophlebitis associated with central venous catheters, conjunctivitis, and chorioamnionitis as well as a possible pathogen contributing to peritonitis and pyogenic granuloma. Unlike Corynebacterium jeikeium, which is highly resistant to beta-lactam agents, aminoglycosides, and quinolones, all strains of C. striatum isolated from the patients described in this report were susceptible to vancomycin and aminoglycosides, and all strains except one were susceptible to penicillin g, imipenem, and ciprofloxacin. C. striatum should be recognized as a potential pathogen in both immunocompromised and normal hosts in the appropriate circumstances, and appropriate antimicrobial therapy can quickly lead to resolution of infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 112.66475264869keywords = mucous membrane, membrane (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/10. Foot ulceration and vertebral osteomyelitis with Corynebacterium haemolyticum.Diphtheroid or "coryneform" bacilli are usually considered to be nonpathogenic "normal flora" of human skin and mucous membranes. Because bacterial cultures are frequently contaminated with these organisms, the correct diagnosis and proper treatment may be delayed by the failure to recognize serious infections caused by them. This is a report of a 71-year-old woman with a diabetic foot ulcer and Corynebacterium haemolyticum osteomyelitis with bacteremia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 112.66475264869keywords = mucous membrane, membrane (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/10. Pulmonary abscess due to Corynebacterium striatum.Non-diphtheria corynebacteria are normal commensals of the skin and mucous membranes of humans. Increasingly, however, these saprophytic organisms are being recognized as pathogens. patients infected with these bacteria typically have an underlying immunosuppressive process and/or an indwelling venous catheter. Pleuropulmonary infection with Corynebacterium striatum is rare. We present a patient with diabetes mellitus who developed an intrapulmonary abscess due to C. striatum.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 112.66475264869keywords = mucous membrane, membrane (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/10. Nephritis associated with a diphtheroid-infected cerebrospinal fluid shunt.Hypocomplementemic proliferative glomerulonephritis occurred during diphtheroid infection of a ventricular decompression shunt for cerebrospinal fluid diversion (cerebrospinal fluid shunt) in a young man. Granular deposits of immunoglobulin m (IgM) and the third component of complement (C3) were found along the glomerular basement membrane. This report provides supportive evidence for immune complex-mediated glomerular injury due to diphtheroid infection in a cerebrospinal fluid shunt.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = membrane (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/10. Exudative pharyngitis possibly due to Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum, a new challenge in the differential diagnosis of diphtheria.Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum has rarely been reported to cause disease in humans, despite its common presence in the flora of the upper respiratory tract. We report here a case of exudative pharyngitis with pseudomembrane possibly caused by C. pseudodiphtheriticum in a 4-year-old girl. The case initially triggered clinical and laboratory suspicion of diphtheria. Because C. pseudodiphtheriticum can be easily confused with corynebacterium diphtheriae in Gram stain, clarification of its role in the pathogenesis of exudative pharyngitis in otherwise healthy persons is of public health importance. Simple and rapid screening tests to differentiate C. pseudodiphtheriticum from C. diphtheriae should be performed to prevent unnecessary concern in the community and unnecessary outbreak control measures.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = membrane (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/10. Opportunistic lung infection with Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum after lung and heart transplantation.Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum is usually regarded as a harmless commensal of the skin and mucous membranes. We describe two cases of bronchiolitis and bronchitis after lung and heart transplantation, respectively, in which this organism was strongly implicated as the pathogen.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 112.66475264869keywords = mucous membrane, membrane (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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