1/6. Avulsion fracture of the anterior half of the foramen magnum involving the bilateral occipital condyles and the inferior clivus--case report.A 38-year-old male presented with an avulsion fracture of the anterior half of the foramen magnum due to a traffic accident. He had palsy of the bilateral VI, left IX, and left X cranial nerves, weakness of his left upper extremity, and crossed sensory loss. He was treated conservatively and placed in a halo brace for 16 weeks. After immobilization, swallowing, hoarseness, and left upper extremity weakness improved. Hyperextension with a rotatory component probably resulted in strain in the tectorial membrane and alar ligaments, resulting in avulsion fracture at the sites of attachment, the bilateral occipital condyles and the inferior portion of the clivus. Conservative treatment is probably optimum even for this unusual and severe type of occipital condyle fracture.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/6. Transverse clivus fracture: case presentation and significance of clinico-anatomic correlations.BACKGROUND: Bilateral transverse basal skull fractures resulting from lateral crushing injuries involve fractures of the clivus that present clinically with multiple cranial nerve injuries and possible delayed vascular injuries due to the tight neural and vascular entry and exit routes present in this region. A case of a young patient with an extensive basal skull fracture is presented with description of the clinical signs and symptoms in relation to the neuroradiological findings. Clinico-anatomic correlations have been reiterated. CASE DESCRIPTION: A case of a young patient suffering a bilateral crush injury resulting in a basal transverse clivus and petrous bone fracture is presented. Multiple cranial nerve injuries, unilateral and bilateral, were present (CN III, VI, VII). This clinical presentation correlated well with the anatomical location and extension of the respective cranial nerves at the level of the skull base and along the fracture line extending bilaterally through the clivus and petrous bone. CONCLUSIONS: Initial neurological and neuroradiological investigations should be aimed at promptly detecting cranial nerve injuries and their correlating fracture injuries at the skull base. The possible development and progression of delayed neurological deficits should also be kept in mind and investigated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.4285714285714keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/6. Inferior alveolar nerve injury caused by thermoplastic gutta-percha overextension.Injuries to the inferior alveolar nerve following trauma resulting in a mandibular fracture are well documented and are a well-known risk when surgical procedures are planned for the mandible in the region of the inferior alveolar canal. Such injuries are relatively rare following endodontic therapy. This article reports a case of combined thermal and pressure injury to the inferior alveolar nerve, reviews the pathogenesis of such an injury and makes suggestions for its management.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.14285714285714keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/6. Lower cranial nerve palsies. Potentially lethal in association with upper cervical fracture-dislocations.Palsies of the lower cranial nerves occurred in association with traumatic atlantoaxial dissociations in two patients. The fracture-dislocations sustained were rare injuries and the neurologic complications contributed greatly to their morbidity and mortality.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.71428571428571keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/6. Bitemporal compression injury caused by static loading mechanism. Report of two cases.The authors report two cases of bitemporal compression injury caused by a static loading mechanism. These head injuries resulted from gradual bitemporal compression of the head. Plain skull films showed multiple skull fractures, and carotid angiography revealed internal carotid artery obstruction at the base of the skull. Neurological examination disclosed a slight disturbance of consciousness, hemiparesis, multiple cranial nerve injuries, and Horner's syndrome. In comparison with impact head injury, the energy from this type of trauma tends to be transmitted to the foramina and hiati of the middle cranial fossa and results in multiple injuries to the cranial nerves, sympathetic nerves, and blood vessels.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.23167207125063keywords = fracture, compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/6. Neuro-ophthalmic complications of intracranial catheters.We report four patients who sustained direct injury to the brain after insertion of intraventricular shunts and pressure monitoring lines, which resulted in permanent neuro-ophthalmic deficits. These included hemianopsia from an optic tract lesion, esotropia and residual bilateral facial paresis from dorsal pontine injury, unilateral blindness from damage to the optic nerve, and dorsal midbrain syndrome from catheter compression in the region of the posterior commissure. Although presumably rare, such injuries should be considered in diagnosing patients with neuro-ophthalmic complaints after insertion of such devices.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.014802488065582keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |