1/16. Intolerance of osteosynthesis material: evidence of dichromate contact allergy with concomitant oligoclonal T-cell infiltrate and TH1-type cytokine expression in the peri-implantar tissue.BACKGROUND: We report on a 37-year-old man without history of previous allergic disease who developed an aseptic intolerance reaction to a chromium-cobalt alloy, with local discomfort, loosening, and absence of fracture healing. Both in vivo and in vitro allergoimmunologic diagnostic tests were performed. methods: Patch testing was done with a European standard series. Specific serum IgE was measured by CAP-FEIA. In addition to immunohistology (APAAP method), peri-implantar tissue was further analyzed by PCR to determine T-cell-receptor-gamma rearrangement and thus the potential clonal (antigen-driven) T-cell repertoire. The actual tissue mRNA expression for IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-gamma was visualized by RT-PCR. RESULTS: skin testing gave a delayed-type reaction to dichromate. Specific serum IgE to natural rubber latex and grass pollen was found--but without clinical symptoms. Immunohistology revealed a monocytic and dense T-cell infiltrate. The latter, instead of being random, showed an oligoclonal T-cell receptor rearrangement. In addition, there was TH1-type mediator expression (IL-6 and IFN-gamma, but not IL-4). CONCLUSIONS: skin test, examination of peri-implantar tissue, and the prompt healing after replacement of the osteosynthesis material suggest an allergic reaction. PCR analysis of peri-implantar tissue can further help to identify and understand allergy-mediated implant intolerance reactions.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = tea (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/16. Allergic contact dermatitis to tea tree oil with erythema multiforme-like id reaction.The commercial production of tea tree oil, extracted from melaleuca alternifolia Cheel, has considerably increased over the past 15 years in response to a strong demand for natural remedies and aromatic substances. The number of case reports that describe allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to this essential oil is also on the rise. We report an additional case of ACD to tea tree oil that presented with an extensive erythema multiforme-like reaction. A skin biopsy was performed from a targetlike lesion distant from the site of the initial dermatitis. The patient was treated with systemic and topical corticosteroids. Five months later, he was patch tested to the North American standard series, to his own tea tree oil, to a fresh batch of tea tree oil, and to some related allergens. The skin biopsy showed a spongiotic dermatitis without histological features of erythema multiforme. Patch testing elicited a 3 reaction to old, oxidized tea tree oil, a 2 reaction to fresh tea tree oil, a 2 reaction to colophony, a 1 reaction to abitol, and a 1 reaction to balsam of peru. We believe this is the first report of erythema multiforme-like reaction secondary to ACD from tea tree oil. Other interesting features are the stronger reaction to oxidized than to fresh tea tree oil, and concomitant reactivity to colophony, abitol, and balsam of peru.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 12keywords = tea (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/16. Allergic contact dermatitis to latanoprost.An 85-year-old male with glaucoma presented with a 1-1/2 year history of tearing; red eyes; and pruritic, edematous, eczematous eyelids. Treatment for presumed ocular rosacea and seborrhea was unhelpful. Patch testing to our standard 64 antigens yielded a positive reaction to Balsam of peru. Notably, benzalkonium chloride, thimerosal, and other preservatives elicited negative reactions. Repeat open application testing elicited positive results to Xalatan (latanoprost) 0.005% ophthalmic solution (Pharmacia & Upjohn, Kalamazoo, MI). A second session of patch tests to 10 personal products, in addition to Xalatan 0.005% solution and the Xalatan vehicle (provided by the manufacturer), elicited a strong positive reaction only to the full preparation of Xalatan 0.005% solution. This report describes the first known case of ACD to latanoprost, a new prostaglandin analog that is widely prescribed for treatment of glaucoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = tea (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/16. Allergic contact dermatitis to temporary tattoos with positive para-phenylenediamine reactions: report of four cases.BACKGROUND: In recent years, temporary tattoos instead of permanent tattoos have become popular worldwide. Although contact allergy to temporary henna tattoos appears to be rare in the past, it is progressively more commonly reported. PATIENTS: Four Taiwanese patients of allergic contact dermatitis following application of temporary tattoos were patch tested and they were followed up for 1 year after treatment. RESULTS: All four of the tested patients were positive to paraphenylenediamine. At 1-year follow-up, all four patients still showed various degrees of remnant hyperpigmentation on their previous tattooed areas. CONCLUSION: Temporary tattoos may pose similar risks of allergic reactions associated with permanent tattoos. A high risk of prolonged post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation after allergic contact dermatitis from temporary tattoos should also be alerted, especially in Asian skin type.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = tea (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/16. Allergic contact dermatitis following exposure to essential oils.Allergic contact dermatitis from the topical use of essential oils is not widely recognized as an occupational hazard. Four cases of allergic contact dermatitis to essential oils occurring in three aromatherapists and one chemist with a particular interest in aromatherapy are described. All presented with predominantly hand dermatitis and demonstrated sensitization to multiple essential oils. One patient developed a recurrence of cutaneous symptoms following ingestion of lemongrass tea. Workers within this industry should be aware of the sensitization potential of these products and the risk of limiting their ability to continue employment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = tea (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/16. Immediate systemic hypersensitivity reaction associated with topical application of Australian tea tree oil.Australian tea tree oil has been used as a veterinary antiseptic for many years and, more recently, has been extended into human use. There have been many reports of allergic contact dermatitis and toxicity reactions, but it has never been implicated in immediate systemic hypersensitivity reactions. A 38-year-old man experienced immediate flushing, pruritus, throat constriction, and lightheadedness after topical application of tea tree oil. Our purpose was to determine whether this represented an immunoglobulin e (IgE)--mediated reaction. skin-prick and intradermal testing was performed, as well as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for specific IgG and IgE against tea tree oil. The patient had a positive wheal and flare reaction on intradermal testing with tea tree oil. All five patient controls were negative on skin testing. No specific IgG or IgE was detected. We present the first reported case of an immediate systemic hypersensitivity reaction occurring after topical application of Australian tea tree oil, confirmed by positive wheal and flare reaction on skin testing.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 9keywords = tea (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/16. Permanent-wave dermatitis: contact allergy to cysteamine hydrochloride.cysteamine hydrochloride (CHC) is a newly recognized sensitizer found in permanent-wave solutions. We report the case of a hairdresser who was found to be allergic to CHC. Our allergic patient was patch-tested to various chemicals found in permanent-wave solutions, including CHC (1.0% in petrolatum). Patch-test reactions were positive to CHC, glyceryl thioglycolate, diglyceryl thioglycolate, p-phenylenediamine (PPD), and PPD through a piece of latex glove. Sixty-four controls to CHC (1.0% in petrolatum) had negative results. Household-weight latex gloves were protective against CHC allergy. persons with CHC-waved hair were not allergic. CHC contained in "neutral" permanent-wave preparations has been used in American beauty salons since 1993. We briefly discuss the introduction and significance of CHC in permanent waves.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = tea (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/16. Generalized eczematous contact dermatitis from cocobolo wood.Occupational contact with cocobolo wood (Papilionaceae, dalbergia retusa) has been reported to rarely cause delayed hypersensitivity reactions. We report the case of a 53-year-old furniture and cabinetmaker who exhibited a generalized reaction mimicking erythroderma after exposure to sawdust from the wood. Patch testing to plants and woods standard (Chemotechnique, Dormer laboratories, ontario, canada) was negative, and the specific allergen in cocobolo, obtusaquinone, was not available to us. The patient was tested instead to shavings of various woods as well as to sawdust of the suspected wood in petrolatum. He exhibited an exuberant response ( ) to both shavings and sawdust of cocobolo. After successful patch testing with shavings and sawdust in the absence of the purified chemical allergen, avoidance of the timber resulted in the resolution of his symptoms.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = tea (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/16. Allergic contact dermatitis in children: strategies of prevention and risk management.Over recent years, allergic contact dermatitis in children has repeatedly been reported as a significant clinical problem. It is generally accepted that allergic contact dermatitis is rare in the first years of life, and with increasing age (by the age of 10 years) reaches the incidence seen in adults. As in adults, metals are one of the most common sensitizers in children, along with rubber chemicals and fragrances. The influence of fashion trends and lifestyle such as piercing, decorative skin paintings, the hype of natural remedies and cosmetics (e.g. tea tree oil) or the use of cosmetical products with fragrances or herbal ingredients play an important role in developing allergic contact dermatitis. This review aims to give an overview on allergic contact dermatitis in childhood by focussing on strategies for prevention, potential risk factors and recommendations for parents as well as for physicians. By reporting typical cases of our outpatients clinic we point out several characteristics of allergic contact dermatitis. Prevention of allergic contact dermatitis in children is a current problem of interdisciplinary concern not only for dermatologists and paediatricians, but also for midwives. Frequently, children are already exposed at an early age to well-known allergens, and therefore, strategies of avoidance have to gain or regain importance and should start as early as possible.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = tea (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/16. Baboon syndrome resulting from systemic drugs: is there strife between SDRIFE and allergic contact dermatitis syndrome?The term 'baboon syndrome' (BS) was introduced 20 years ago to classify patients in whom a specific skin eruption resembling the red gluteal area of baboons occurred after systemic exposure to contact allergens. Thereafter, similar eruptions have been reported after systemic exposure to beta-lactam antibiotics and other drugs. In addition to the presentation of 2 of our own cases, we have reviewed and characterized the main clinical and histological aspects of published reports of drug-related baboon syndrome (DRBS) and compared the primary clinical signs from such cases to those found in other distinct drug eruptions. Of approximately 100 published baboon syndrome cases, 50 were identified as drug-induced. Of these, 8 were representatives of systemically induced contact dermatitis (SCD), and 42 were examples of drug eruptions elicited by systemic administration of either oral or intravenous drugs. The main clinical findings included a sharply defined symmetrical erythema of the gluteal area and in the flexural or intertriginous folds without any systemic symptoms and signs. 14 of 42 cases were elicited by amoxicillin, 30 of the 42 patients were male, and latency periods were between a few hours and a few days after exposure. DRBS is a rare, prognostically benign and often underdiagnosed drug eruption with distinct clinical features. The term baboon syndrome, however, does not reflect the complete range of symptoms and signs and is ethically and culturally problematic. Moreover, baboon syndrome is historically often equated with a mercury-induced exanthem in patients with previous contact sensitization. Symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema, or SDRIFE, specifically refers to the distinctive clinical pattern of this drug eruption, and the following diagnostic criteria are proposed: 1) exposure to a systemically administered drug either at the first or repeated dose (excluding contact allergens); 2) sharply demarcated erythema of the gluteal/perianal area and/or V-shaped erythema of the inguinal/perigenital area; 3) involvement of at least one other intertriginous/flexural localization; 4) symmetry of affected areas; and 5) absence of systemic symptoms and signs.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = tea (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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