1/158. Idiopathic dilatation of the pulmonary artery: report of four cases.Idiopathic dilatation of the pulmonary artery (IDPA) is a rare congenital disease which is usually detected fortuitously on chest x-ray, thus radiologists must be aware of this clinical entity. This report describes four cases to which magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) played a major role in diagnosing IDPA and in detecting the concomitant findings observed in this disease. MRI is a non-invasive procedure with many advantages for the accurate and reproducible measurement of artery structures, which makes it the preferred option for combined use with echocardiography in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with IDPA.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = artery (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/158. Respiratory distress due to tracheal compression by the dilated innominate artery.The case reported is of an 88 yr old female with hypertension and respiratory distress. A chest radiograph revealed a widening of the upper mediastinum. Computed tomographic scanning revealed tracheal compression by the innominate artery, which was elongated and curved. After intubation, she was treated with antihypertensive drugs. This resulted in the remarkable recovery of the patient from respiratory distress. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of respiratory distress owing to tracheal compression by elongation and curvature of the innominate artery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = artery (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/158. Coronary ectasia in familial hypercholesterolemia: histopathologic study regarding matrix metalloproteinases.A 39-year-old male heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia patient with marked ectasia over the entire coronary artery tree had been treated with several kinds of lipid-lowering single or combined drug therapies using clofibrate, compactin, cholestyramine, probucol, and pravastatin, and LDL-apheresis. During the 19-year follow-up, he suffered myocardial infarction three times and some of the ectatic coronary segments became enlarged, others narrowed, and one of them occluded in spite of the treatment. At the age of 58, he died after a fourth cardiac attack and subsequent cardiogenic shock. The autopsy indicated that his three coronary arteries showed diffuse ectatic changes and the largest lumen diameter of the left anterior descending artery was 25 mm, of the circumflex artery 12 mm, and of the right coronary artery 13 mm. The ectatic artery wall was not thick and the major part of the lumen was occupied by organized thrombi. Microscopic examinations showed that the larger the diameter of the lumen, the more severe the structural damage of the intima and tunica media and the larger the number of infiltrated cells, including lymphocytes, macrophages, and plasma cells. Immunoreactivity against matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, and MMP-2 was observed in smooth muscle cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, and endothelial cells of the vasa vasorum or neovasculature. MMP-9 immunoreactivity was also localized in intimal foamy macrophages and round cells (macrophages and lymphocytes) of the media and adventitia. MMP-1 increased with the lumen diameter of the ectatic arteries. The ratio of immunoreactivity against both MMP-2 and MMP-9 to that against tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2 also increased with the lumen diameter, but it no longer increased when the diameter was over 10 mm. These observations suggest that the MMP-TIMP system appears to play a significant role in the development of coronary ectasia- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83333333333333keywords = artery (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/158. Tortuosity of the vertebral artery resulting in vertebral erosion.OBJECTIVE: To discuss the case of a patient with unilateral vertebral artery tortuosity and dilatation resulting in vertebral body and transverse foramen erosion. An emphasis is placed on diagnostic imaging. CLINICAL FEATURES: A 45-year-old man had a frozen shoulder and headaches. Previous arm pain, numbness, and a cold extremity were the result of occlusion of the subclavian artery and had been treated with a subclavian-carotid bypass procedure. INTERVENTION AND OUTCOME: As a result of the angiographic detection of the left vertebral artery dilatation and tortuosity and the concomitant hypoplastic right vertebral artery, high-velocity, low-amplitude manipulation of the cervical spine was contraindicated. However, the patient's symptoms were not related to these findings. Alternatively, low-force manipulation of the cervical spine, shoulder range of motion and muscle techniques were used, and the patient's symptoms diminished significantly with improved shoulder range of motion. CONCLUSION: Clinicians need to be alert to clinical presentations and appropriate imaging protocols in cases of suggested vertebral artery anomaly.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.5891045999539keywords = artery, carotid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/158. The therapeutic result of excision of the superficial temporal artery in atypical migraine.A short review of the biochemical and clinical concepts of migraine and the different therapeutic approaches as well as the surgical procedure for the treatment of migraine is followed by the description of the treatment of eight patients suffering from atypical migraine. The selection of patients for this operation is limited to those cases suffering from classic migraine with the migraine attacks occurring in one and always the same side of the face and head. A step by step account of the procedure for the excision of a part of the super-zygomatic part of the superficial temporal artery is given with the results and the four year follow-up. In selected cases of atypical migraine, the above simple operation, may be curative.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83333333333333keywords = artery (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/158. Transluminal extraction catheter atherectomy for the treatment of acute occlusion of an ectatic coronary artery.Thrombotic occlusion of an ectatic coronary artery may not respond to thrombolytic therapy or balloon angioplasty, since the infarct-related vessel contains a significant amount of thrombus. A patient with acute myocardial infarction of an ectatic right coronary artery that was occluded by a heavy clot burden is described. The patient was treated successfully with transluminal extraction catheter atherectomy and results were confirmed by intravascular ultrasound.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = artery (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/158. Atresia of the proximal right coronary artery in association with coronary artery fistula.A 2-year-old boy presented for evaluation of a systolic murmur. Echocardiogram demonstrated dilated left main and right coronary arteries. Selective injection of the left coronary artery confirmed dilation of the left main and anterior descending coronary arteries. The left anterior descending coronary artery subsequently filled the mid portion of the right coronary artery retrograde, which emptied into a blind fistula. The orifice of the right coronary artery was atretic, with no filling from the aortic root or the fistula.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = artery (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/158. Isolated dissection of the celiac artery--a case report.Isolated arterial dissection, which occurs with the absence of aortic dissection, has been reported in carotid and renal arteries but rarely in visceral arteries. A case of isolated celiac artery dissection is reported here. A healthy 58-year-old man experienced sudden upper abdominal pain, which continued for several days. A body computed tomogram (CT) showed a multiple low-density wedge-shaped area in the spleen, which was diagnosed as splenic infarction, and an aneurysm with thrombus in the celiac artery. A selective angiogram showed dilatation of the celiac artery with wall irregularity, and proximal occlusion of the hepatic artery. The distal hepatic artery was fed by collateral arteries from the superior mesenteric artery. splenic infarction was probably due to the embolism from the thrombus in the dissected celiac artery. The absence of other vascular lesions and causes or risks for the arterial dissection would suggest the occurrence of spontaneous dissection. The dissection of visceral arteries should be considered in diagnosing acute abdominal pain.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.9224379332872keywords = artery, carotid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/158. Clinical significance of coronary arterial ectasia.In a study group of 2,457 consecutive patients undergoing cardiac catheterization, 30 patients had coronary arterial ectasia, an irregular dilatation of major vessels up to seven times the diameter of branch vessels. The frequency of hypertension, abnormal electrocardiogram and history of myocardial infarction was greater than that in a control group with obstructive coronary artery disease. patients with ectasia did not differ from patients with obstructive disease in sex, age, prevalence of angina or presence of metabolic abnormalities. Six deaths occurred in the group with ectasia during a mean follow-up period of 24 months (annual rate of 15 percent). Extensive destruction of the musculoelastic elements was evident, resulting in marked attenuation of the vessel wall. The short-term prognosis in this group is the same as in medically treated patients with three vessel obstructive coronary artery disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.42111307095846keywords = artery, artery disease (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/158. New onset of crossed eyes in an adult.A 77-year-old woman presents with a seven-year history of an isolated slowly progressive esotropia with bilateral abduction defects. The only potential cause discovered was dolichoectasia of the intracavernous carotid arteries.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.089104599953871keywords = carotid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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