1/31. Auricular endochondral pseudocysts: diagnosis and management.The auricle can be the site of a variety of cystic lesions, many of which involve either potential spaces between the auricular cartilage and the perichondrium or spaces within the skin and subcutaneous tissues. An auricular endochondral pseudocyst is a fluid collection located within the cartilaginous structure of the auricle. The auricular hematoma and the auricular pseudocyst may represent opposing ends of a continuum of damage and repair of traumatic insults. Whereas the hematoma represents a significant acute traumatic event resulting in cleavage between the perichondrium and the cartilage, the pseudocyst could be the outcome of chronic lower grade trauma. In this instance, the perichondrium not only separates from the cartilage but may be induced to regenerate an outer cartilaginous wall exacting the contour of the separated perichondrium, thus completing a cartilaginous auricular pseudocyst. This firm, cartilaginous outer cyst wall accounts for the increased difficulty in treating pseudocysts and clearly requires a different surgical treatment than for the hematoma. Having reviewed a substantial number of case reports, we recommend incision and drainage of the cavity followed by obliteration of the cavity by curettage, sclerosing agent, and pressure dressing. More invasive techniques should be reserved for an uncommon recurrence after adequate initial treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/31. Congenital malformation of the inner ear associated with recurrent meningitis.Congenital deformities of the labyrinth of the inner ear can be associated with meningitis and varying degrees of hearing loss or deafness. A recurrence of meningitis is due to the development of a fistulous communication between the subarachnoid space and the middle ear cavity, and can prove lethal. An illustrative case of a 4-year-old Japanese girl with bilateral severe hearing loss, recurrent meningitis and malformations of the inner ear and stapes footplate is presented. Removal of the stapes during tympanotomy provoked a gush of cerebrospinal fluid. The defect was repaired successfully, and there has been no further episodes of meningitis to date.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/31. Salivary gland choristoma of the middle ear: a case report.A choristoma is a nonneoplastic proliferation of histologically normal tissue that forms at an abnormal site. It is extremely uncommon in the middle ear space. It appears to be a developmental abnormality and may be associated with abnormalities of adjacent structures. It usually occurs with unilateral conductive hearing loss and requires a differential diagnosis from other mass lesions in the middle ear cavity. This article discusses a case of salivary gland choristoma of the middle ear that we believe to be the 24th case reported on this subject.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/31. "Pseudocyst of the auricle", othematoma and otoseroma: three faces of the same coin?Cystic swellings of the choncha of the ear without serious inflammation are routine findings for otolaryngologists. They are frequently diagnosed as othematoma or otoseroma and may be caused by traceable traumas or microtraumas. "Pseudocyst of the auricle" is defined as intracartilaginous cavity lacking epithelial lining. Thus, according to previous reports "pseudocysts" are supposed to occur due to chondromalacia within the cartilage. We recently observed four cases of "pseudocyst of the auricle" characterized by non-inflammatory, merely painless swellings on the anthelix part of the ears without history of any previous trauma. Incisional biopsies were taken from the dorsal side of the concha and freed 2 to 2.5 ml of viscous serous fluid. Histopathological examination of biopsy specimens showed regular epidermis overlying normal reticular dermis and perichondrium as well as regular cartilage in all patients. In the fourth patient the biopsy, additionally, revealed a tiny intracartilaginous cavity measuring 1 x 4 micrometers in diameter. Histopathologically "pseudocysts of the auricle" are reported to represent small intracartilaginous hollows lacking epithelial linings. Following previous descriptions they are located within the cartilage of the concha of the ear. Because of the small size of the intracartilaginous cavity they are unable to contain more than a few microliters of fluid. Therefore cystic swellings of the auricle containing comparatively large amounts of serous liquid must be located outside the cartilage. In this context the concept of "pseudocyst of the auricle" as reported, can only be seen as the third face of a coin that shows othematoma on the one and otoseroma on the other side.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.5keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/31. Endoscope-guided round window fistula repair.OBJECTIVE: Endoscope-guided round window membrane repair was performed to evaluate whether the approach is feasible in the treatment of a round window fistula. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case review. SETTING: Tertiary care academic center. PATIENT: A 27-year-old man had been scuba diving 6 days previously in the Australian Great Barrier Reefs. He had poor hearing with tinnitus in the left ear and a vertiginous sensation. INTERVENTION: A myringotomy was incised, and a tympanoscope was introduced into the middle ear cavity. With the patient under general anesthesia, the middle ear and the oval and round window areas were examined with a tympanoscope. In endoscopic visualization, a round perforation could be seen in the round window membrane. After detection of the round window perforation, a small piece of temporal fascia was obtained to seal the membrane perforation. RESULTS: One month after the operation, the patient's hearing was significantly better. The myringotomy had healed. CONCLUSION: A transmyringeal endoscopic procedure for round window fistula repair is feasible and combines the best features of minimally invasive surgery and aural endoscopy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/31. Spontaneous external auditory canal cholesteatoma complicated by rheumatoid arthritis--case report and review of the literature.A 63-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis sought medical assistance for dull and chronic pain in her left ear two and half years after her initial diagnostic examination. Otoscopic examination revealed that the posteroinferior wall of the bony external ear canal was eroded and that the small cavity was filled with squamous debris. The condition was diagnosed as external auditory canal cholesteatoma (EACC). The existence of EACC might suggest complications of bone disease, aging cerumen gland, or a low migratory rate of the epithelium.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/31. Nasogastric tube misplacement into eustachian tube.Paediatric nasogastric tube placement can occasionally be difficult to perform. A unique case in a child is described where the tip of the nasogastric tube managed to travel via the eustachian tube through the attic and into the mastoid cavity of the middle ear. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this has never been reported in the literature before.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/31. Imaging of a congenital perilymphatic fistula.A 7-year-old boy with a history of purulent meningitis and watery rhinorrhea was studied using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). He had a common cavity in the left inner ear. With high-resolution heavily T2-weighted MRI, leakage of the inner ear fluid into the middle ear at the oval window area through a congenital perilymphatic fistula could be visualized. Surgery to close the fistula showed a perforation in the stapes footplate.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/31. Aural aspergilloma: an unusual delayed complication of tympanoplasty.Aural aspergilloma was first reported in 2001 by the authors. Recently the authors discovered a second case presenting with chronic otorrhea via a fistulous tract in the tympanic membrane. The patient was treated by removal of the fistulous tract and part of the tympanic membrane, cleansing the middle cavity, leaving the tympanic membrane perforated until obtaining a dry ear and followed by a tympanomastoidectomy, without the use of an antifungal agent. Because both cases of aural aspergilloma had a history of successful tympanoplasty with a long quiescent period before the symptoms appeared, the authors postulate that aural aspergilloma may be considered as an unusual delayed complication of tympanoplasty.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/31. Management of hemorrhagic high jugular bulb with adhesive otitis media in an only hearing ear: transcatheter endovascular embolization using detachable coils.A 51-year-old woman had a hemorrhagic high jugular bulb protruding into the posterosuperior part of the tympanic cavity in her left ear. This (only hearing) ear had severe adhesive otitis media resulting in repetitive hemorrhage from the jugular bulb. Therefore, treatment to stop the bleeding was required. Since invasive middle ear surgery in an only hearing ear would involve a high risk of hearing loss and massive bleeding, transcatheter endovascular embolization using detachable coils was selected for this special case; it safely blocked the blood flow and preserved the patient's hearing level. This is the first such report in the otosurgical field, showing that transcatheter endovascular embolization using detachable coils was quite effective in a difficult case of a hemorrhagic high jugular bulb with severe adhesive otitis media in an only hearing ear.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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