1/55. Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis. A case report.Alveolar echinococcosis is a rare parasitic disease caused by echinococcus multilocularis and most commonly involves the liver. early diagnosis and precise evaluation of the localisation and the extent of the lesions are essential for treatment. In this report, we present US and CT findings in a patient with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/55. Correlative CT, MRI and histological findings of hepatic Echinococcus alveolaris: a case report.Diagnosis of liver infestation by Echinococcus alveolaris (EA) is based on serologic, sonographic and CT findings. literature review yielded only one report discussing the MRI findings of hepatic EA infestation. In this report, we present a case of hepatic EA infestation with its correlative CT, MRI and histological findings. CT showed hypodense mass involving more than half of the liver with rim and central calcifications. MRI revealed hypointense signal of the infiltrative mass on both T1- and T2-weighted images. On MRI, the portal vein branches were seen coursing through the lesion. Neither CT nor MRI demonstrated any contrast enhancement of the mass. On the histological examination, abundant fibrous and hyalinized tissue surrounding multiple small cysts were observed. MRI may provide invaluable information in the diagnosis of EA infestation of the liver, either by disclosing the infiltrative pattern of infestation without significant effect to vascular structures, or by the signal characteristics.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/55. Postoperative alveolar hydatid disease with cutaneous-subcutaneous involvement.The first Japanese case of alveolar hydatid disease with cutaneous-subcutaneous lesions is reported. The patient, a 58-year-old man who developed an indurated subcutaneous tumor on the right side of the abdomen, had had partial hepatectomy of the right lobe for echinococcosis thirteen years earlier. Clinically, the tumor was adherent with a fistulosis communication to deeper structures. Histopathologically, multiple PAS-positive cuticular layers with foreign body granulomas and fibrosis were observed between the dermis and subcutaneous fatty tissue. Surgical excision of the swelling provided the patient with temporary relief. To our knowledge, only eight cases of subcutaneous alveolar hydatid disease have been reported throughout the world. Ours, the ninth case, highlights the importance and difficulty of treating of alveolar hydatid disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.4keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/55. Cystic echinococcosis in a Jordanian patient: albendazole in a short-term immigrant.With an ever increasing number of international travelers, physicians should be aware of the diseases that have rarely been encountered in their home countries. Cystic echinococcosis (CE) caused by echinococcus granulosus is seldom seen in japan despite frequent occurrence of the other type of echinococcosis, alveolar echinococcosis (AE) caused by E. multilocularis, in its northern parts. However, CE is prevalent in many parts of the world including the United Kingdom, Mediterranean basin, middle east, south america, and australia, and is supposed to be resurgent in several parts of the world. The disease is acquired by the oral ingestion of the eggs of E. granulosus passed into the feces of several definitive host animals carrying tapeworms, mostly dogs. These definitive hosts are infected by cannibalizing intermediate host animals including sheep and cattle whose livers and/or lungs are affected by cystic lesions that contain protoscoleces. In endemic areas the diagnosis of CE is not considered to be complicated; typical morphological features composed of cysts as revealed by ultrasonography and/or computerized tomography (CT) scan. The diagnosis is also aided by serological methods detecting serum antibodies. However, imaging procedures show a variety of features that could often lead to misdiagnosis as other diseases. Moreover, serological assays are sometimes difficult to interpret because of their incomplete sensitivities and specificities. Hence, a comprehensive understanding of a spectrum of imaging features and the application of serological methods with better sensitivities and specificities are indispensable. The mainstay of treatment of the disease is still surgical removal of cysts that has the potential to lead to a complete cure. Recently, the less invasive method PAIR (Puncture of cysts percutaneously, Aspiration of fluid, Introduction of protoscolicidal agent, and Reaspiration) was introduced with considerable success, and could be a promising alternative to surgery. Lastly, medical treatment with oral mebendazole or albendazole, especially the latter, can be beneficial not only as a adjunctive to surgery or PAIR, but as a sole treatment in cases in which invasive methods are not indicated. Here we report a Jordanian patient with CE whose diagnosis was substantiated by a novel immunoblot assay and who showed a rapid improvement during albendazole therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/55. MRI of cerebral alveolar echinococcosis.Cerebral alveolar echinococcosis is rare. We report a case with multiple intracranial masses which show cauliflower-like contrast enhancement pattern on MRI. The lesions originated from hepatic involvement with invasion of the inferior vena cava.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/55. HASTE MRCP and MRI findings in alveolar echinococcosis of the liver.Alveolar echinococcosis is a rare mass-producing inflammatory process of the liver. Experience with MRI, and particularly magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), demonstrates that features of this disease are limited. The HASTE (half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin echo) MRCP and MRI findings of alveolar echinococcosis of the liver are presented in this report. HASTE MRCP was used to define the biliary system and the biliary system-mass relationship. It was found that results were comparable with those of invasive techniques such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/55. A case of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis contracted in belgium.We report herein the case of a Belgian 76-year-old woman who developed a hepatic tumour suspected to be a breast cancer metastasis. Radiological imaging and guided biopsies were not contributive. The patient underwent an explorative laparoscopy with frozen sections that did not provide further diagnosis, and an open left bisegmentectomy was performed during the same anaesthesia. Histopathological examination of the hepatic mass showed echinococcus multilocularis metacestodes, demonstrating alveolar echinococcosis. As our patient denied any travel in foreign countries and has undergone regular abdominal ultrasonographies since her mastectomy, it is highly likely that this alveolar echinococcosis had been contracted in belgium. If some imported cases may be seldom managed in belgium, to our knowledge, this case is the first occurrence of alveolar echinococcosis contracted in belgium. This report, added to the demonstration of E. multilocaris infection of 50% of red foxes in Southern belgium, and the potential infection of domestic cats and dogs, should attract attention of the medical community on the possible outbreak of endemic alveolar echinococcosis in belgium, and on the related public health concerns.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.6keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/55. A mass in the liver.We report a case of alveolar echinococcosis. To our knowledge this is the first report of human alveolar echinococcosis to be confirmed in the UK and if contracted in afghanistan the first report for that country.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.4keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/55. Intracerebral alveolar echinococcosis.There are two species of the genus Echinococcus, echinococcus multilocularis (also called alveolar hydatid) and echinococcus granulosus, characterized by distinct growth features in humans. The main endemic regions for human alveolar echinococcosis (AE) caused by E. multilocularis are Central europe, russia, turkey, japan, china, eastern france and north america. Human echinococcosis is usually caused by an intrahepatic growth of parasitic larvae. Cerebral occurrence of E. multilocularis disease is rare, accounting for only 1% of cases, and is generally considered to be fatal. This report presents two cases of intracerebral E. multilocularis disease which occurred in two infected patients with AE pulmonary metastases. The anatomical and clinical features are discussed. Our retrospective survey would indicate that surgical treatment should be envisaged whenever possible.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.2keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/55. Long-term benzimidazole treatment of alveolar echinococcosis with hematogenic subcutaneous and bone dissemination.We report a case of advanced alveolar echinococcosis (AE) that presented like a malignant tumor. It was diagnosed histologically from a subcutaneous nodule with skin inflammation on the right leg. Additionally, the patient showed bone metastases in the lower thoracic spine and the left third toe. This is the first case with proven hematogenic spread of AE to a subcutaneous site. The patient was treated with albendazole and remained stable for 6 years. When progression of AE occurred the therapy was changed to mebendazole, resulting in a stable condition for further 4 years.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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