1/236. herpes simplex encephalitis after brain surgery: case report and review of the literature.Intracranial infection after neurosurgical intervention most often is caused by bacteria. A rare case of fatal herpes simplex encephalitis after removal of a meningioma is described and similar cases reported in the literature are reviewed. Recent diagnostic tools, including detection of herpes viral dna sequences by polymerase chain reaction, complement clinical suspicion and facilitate mandatory early diagnosis, because herpes encephalitis, without rapid initiation of treatment, may lead to severe disability or death.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = herpes simplex, simplex, herpes (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/236. Imaging and laboratory investigation in herpes simplex encephalitis.A 14 day old baby presented with signs of an acute encephalitis. Clinically, herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) was suspected. Early MRI and EEG were normal and there was rapid clinical improvement. A negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) result on the initial CSF sample seemed to make HSE most unlikely. This diagnosis was subsequently proved after demonstration of specific antibody production using immunoelectrophoresis of the CSF. The child had extensive damage to brain tissue. The need for sequential analysis of CSF in making or refuting this diagnosis is illustrated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.9639816373475keywords = herpes simplex, simplex, herpes (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/236. Postencephalitic focal retrograde amnesia after bilateral anterior temporal lobe damage.BACKGROUND: Marked retrograde amnesia with no or almost no anterograde amnesia is rare. Recently, a combination of ventrolateral prefrontal and temporopolar cortical lesions has been suggested as the cause of such isolated or focal retrograde amnesia. It is also assumed that when the right-sided cortical structures are damaged, autobiographical episodic memories are affected. OBJECTIVE: To search for new anatomic substrates for focal retrograde amnesia. methods: We performed extensive neuropsychological tests and obtained detailed neuroimages on a 43-year-old woman who showed a severe, persistent retrograde amnesia but only a limited anterograde amnesia after probable herpes simplex encephalitis. RESULTS: Tests of autobiographical memory revealed that she had a memory loss extending back to her childhood for both semantics and incidents; however, the ability to recall specific episodes appeared much more severely impaired than the ability to recall factual information about her past. The patient also showed profound impairments in recalling public memories; however, her scores improved nearly to a control level on forced-choice recognition memory tasks, although the recall of memories for a decade just before her illness remained mildly impaired. MRI revealed focal pathologies in the temporal poles and the anterior parts of the inferotemporal lobes on both sides, predominantly on the left, with some extension to the anterior parts of the medial temporal lobes. There was additional damage to the left insular cortex and its surrounding structures but no evidence of frontal lobe damage on MRIs or cognitive tests. CONCLUSIONS: A profound retrograde amnesia may be produced by damage to the bilateral temporal poles and anterior inferotemporal lobes in the absence of frontal lobe pathologies, and a dense and persistent episodic old memory loss can arise even with a relatively small lesion in the right anterior temporal lobe if it is combined with extensive damage to the left.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.59279632746949keywords = herpes simplex, simplex, herpes (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/236. herpes simplex virus encephalitis simulating a frontoparietal convexity neoplasm.The unusual occurrence of a single, cell circumscribed encephalitis due to herpes simplex virus in the frontoparietal convexity is described and served to underline the importance of considering this pathology in the event of a rapidly expanding lesion presenting in any portion of the brain. The valuable, but limited, usefulness of brain scanning and cerebral angiography in making this diagnosis is discussed. Neurosurgical intervention and brain biopsy are required to make the definitive diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.92297693535711keywords = herpes simplex, simplex, herpes (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/236. Late recurrence of herpes simplex virus meningoencephalitis in two infants.Two infants with recurrence of herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis are reported. Both patients developed HSV encephalitis during their neonatal period and were treated with iv acyclovir. Long-term oral acyclovir prophylaxis was given thereafter. At the age of 8 and 11 months respectively, both babies, while under oral acyclovir prophylaxis, presented a second episode of HSV encephalitis. An inadequate dose of suppressive oral acyclovir therapy may be responsible for the recurrence of encephalitis in these two babies. CONCLUSION: The present observations emphasise the need for very long follow-up of any infant who has suffered from neonatal herpes simplex virus encephalitis and the need for careful prospective controlled studies in order to define the appropriate treatment regimen (initial plus prophylaxis) for neonates with herpes simplex virus infections.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4.1495742922864keywords = herpes simplex, simplex, herpes (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/236. Parainfectious encephalomyeloradiculitis associated with herpes simplex virus 1 dna in cerebrospinal fluid.We describe a patient with acute encephalomyeloradiculitis associated with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) dna in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and we also review 4 similar cases previously reported from japan. A 59-year-old man presented with acute encephalitis and urinary retention. Initially, coma and CSF pleocytosis improved with acyclovir treatment, but brain stem encephalitis, transverse myelitis, and lumbosacral polyradiculitis subsequently occurred. These conditions responded to corticosteroid therapy and immunoadsorption plasmapheresis. polymerase chain reaction detected HSV-1 dna in the CSF during acute encephalitis but not thereafter. Serial magnetic resonance imaging revealed transient lesions in the thalamus and basal ganglia on both sides of the brain and in the pons, spinal cord, and cauda equina. Acute encephalomyeloradiculitis is a unique neurological syndrome that may be caused by HSV-1 infection of the central nervous system.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.9639816373475keywords = herpes simplex, simplex, herpes (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/236. Legionnaire's disease associated with acute encephalitis and arrhythmia.OBJECTIVE: To report an unusual, life-threatening combination of neurologic, cardiac, and gastrointestinal symptoms in the presence of a community-acquired pneumonia. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: University hospital. PATIENT: Previously healthy young male. INTERVENTION: Diagnostic fiberoptic bronchoscopy, lumber puncture, magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, and institution of systemic antibiotics. MAIN RESULT: Gradual clinical improvement of a multiple-system illness. CONCLUSION: legionellosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with neurologic, cardiac, and gastrointestinal symptoms, particularly in the presence of radiographic pneumonia. Furthermore, legionella meningoencephalitis may present with findings on magnetic resonance imaging previously thought to be characteristic of herpes encephalitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.038511532321447keywords = herpes (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/236. herpes simplex encephalitis simulating systemic embolism.A case of herpes simplex virus encephalitis is described in a patient known to suffer from chronic atrial fibrillation and whose clinical symptoms suggested cerebral embolism of cardiac origin. The final diagnosis was based on the presence of herpes simplex virus type 1 antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid and a significant rise in antibody titers in the serum. The patient regained consciousness after craniotomy and treatment with idoxuridine. The case emphasizes that the possibility of herpetic encephalitis should be considered in patients presenting with typical signs of a cerebrovascular accident.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.5157732628266keywords = herpes simplex, simplex, herpes (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/236. Postoperative herpes simplex virus encephalitis after neurosurgery: case report and review of the literature.herpes simplex virus encephalitis is an unusual diagnosis for postoperative sepsis that occurs after a neurosurgical procedure. We describe a patient for whom early diagnosis and aggressive medical and surgical treatment resulted in a good outcome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.4537304618499keywords = herpes simplex, simplex, herpes (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/236. Human herpes simplex encephalitis (cellular events).Electron microscopic demonstration of herpes viral particles in cerebral tissues obtained at autopsy was easily accomplished. Analysis of the structural abnormalities in this case offers support for the proposed mechanisms of cellular injury in herpes simplex encephalitis. Interference with synthesis of nucleic acids and glycoproteins which has been suggested by in vitro studies correlates well with the structural abnormalities of endoplasmic reticulum cisternae and changes in nuclear membranes, described in the case reported herein.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.96148846767855keywords = herpes simplex, simplex, herpes (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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