11/58. Postkeratoplasty endophthalmitis by alcaligenes faecalis: a case report.PURPOSE: To describe a postkeratoplasty endophthalmitis owing to alcaligenes faecalis that resolved with medical management. methods: Case report and review of literature. RESULTS: To best of our knowledge, postkeratoplasty endophthalmitis caused by A. faecalis has not been reported in literature. The source of infection was found to be the donor tissue. The organism isolated was resistant to gentamicin, which was the only antibiotic present in the storage medium (McCarey and Kaufman medium). The patient was treated aggressively with topical, systemic and intravitreal antibiotics. The endophthalmitis resolved completely within two weeks. CONCLUSION: A. faecalis is a gram negative, non-spore forming rod that can cause endophthalmitis if donor tissue is contaminated with the organism. Clinical suspicion, review of bacterial culture and sensitivity report from donor tissue, anterior chamber and vitreous taps, along with early therapy with appropriate antibiotics can lead to resolution of infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gene (Clic here for more details about this article) |
12/58. Inflammatory pigmented paravenous retinochoroidal atrophy.PURPOSE: To describe an active inflammatory cause of pigmented paravenous retinochoroidal atrophy. methods: A 54-year-old female patient presented with complaints of worsening visual acuity and poor night vision was examined. Fundus examination was performed and color fundus photographs were taken. In addition to fluorescein angiography, visual field examinations and electroretinographic tests were performed. Macular evaluation was performed with optical coherence tomography. RESULTS: Both fundi showed circumscribed patches of retinochoroidal atrophy and pigmentation along the retinal veins. She had also marked vitreous cells with snow ball opacities and cystoid macular edema in both eyes. fluorescein angiography confirmed the presence of a hyperfluorescence due to widespread paravenous retinal pigment epithelial defect while ICG angiography disclosed hypofluorescence in all phases. The electroretinogram showed reduced responses especially in the left eye. visual field tests showed scotomas corresponding with areas of atrophy along the retinal veins. CONCLUSIONS: This is a report of the findings in pigmented paravenous retinochoroidal atrophy that is a nonspecific degenerative disease and may occur in association with systemic infections or inflammation. Ocular inflammation with cystoid macular edema is an unusual manifestation of the disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = gene (Clic here for more details about this article) |
13/58. endophthalmitis caused by moraxella osloensis.PURPOSE: To report the clinical presentation, antibiotic sensitivities, and treatment outcomes of endophthalmitis caused by moraxella osloensis. methods: Case series: retrospective review of the medical records of all patients treated for endophthalmitis at Bascom Palmer eye Institute between 1 January 1991 and 31 December 2000. RESULTS: During the study interval, 757 eyes were treated for endophthalmitis. moraxella osloensis was isolated from three eyes of two patients (3/757, or 0.39%). In all three eyes, the endophthalmitis was delayed-onset and bleb-associated; moraxella osloensis was isolated on chocolate agar and 5% sheep's blood agar using a RapNH commercial Kit (by Remel) through an automated system (Vitek). Like most gram-negative organisms, moraxella was sensitive to ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, and the aminoglycosides. Although vision at presentation was poor, both patients regained baseline vision after treatment with pars plana vitrectomy and injection of intravitreal antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first report of endophthalmitis caused by moraxella osloensis. Unlike most series of delayed-onset, bleb-associated endophthalmitis the visual prognosis following treatment for endophthalmitis caused by moraxella osloensis appears to be generally favorable.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = gene (Clic here for more details about this article) |
14/58. Posttrabeculectomy endophthalmitis caused by moraxella nonliquefaciens.moraxella nonliquefaciens, a commensal organism of the upper respiratory tract, is generally considered to have low pathogenic potential. We report here two cases of severe endophthalmitis occurring 9 years and 2 months after glaucoma filtration surgery, respectively. Apart from sulfonamide, very low MICs were recorded for several antibiotics tested. Identification was based on phenotypic characteristics in combination with sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.4keywords = gene (Clic here for more details about this article) |
15/58. A case of streptococcus pyogenes endophthalmitis following cataract surgery.A small number of cases of bacterial endophthalmitis due to streptococcus pyogenes, a Gram positive organism, have previously been reported. In this case, rapidly progressive streptococcus pyogenes endophthalmitis was developed five years after cataract surgery which had been. The previous cataract surgery was combined with intraocular lens implantation by trans-scleral suspension technique. Treatment included enucleation and intravenous antibiotic injection. In this case of delayed streptococcus pyogenes endophthalmitis after extracapsular cataract extraction. It seems probable that progressive erosion of the suture material resulted in exogenous endophthalmitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.4keywords = gene (Clic here for more details about this article) |
16/58. Corneal degeneration after silicone oil tamponade in a photorefractive keratectomy treated eye.Three years after uneventful excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy in both eyes, a 34-year-old man sustained a perforating injury in the left eye. The severe injury, followed by endophthalmitis and retinal detachment, necessitated vitrectomy, lensectomy, and an internal tamponade with silicone oil. One month after the accident and operations, disk-shaped corneal edema corresponding to the laser treatment zone appeared. The edematous region showed a circular, ring-like epithelial thickening at the borders and central corneal epithelial erosion. The anterior stroma developed a central opacity that was separated by a clear rim from the developing silicone-oil keratopathy with the typical band shape.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.8keywords = gene (Clic here for more details about this article) |
17/58. Red eyes as the initial presentation of systemic meningococcal infection.The present paper is a report of a 14-month-old boy who presented with fever, coryzal symptoms and red eyes. The patient developed a generalized tonic clonic convulsion on day 2 of his illness. Ophthalmological assessment demonstrated bilateral hypopyon and vitreous opacity resulting from endophthalmitis. cerebrospinal fluid was positive for neisseria meningitidis (A, C, Y, W 135) by latex agglutination. He was treated with high dose intravenous cefotaxime and intravitreal ceftazidime. He made good recovery and his vision was preserved. In view of the potential morbidity and mortality associated with systemic meningococcal infection, the presence of red eye and hypopyon provides important diagnostic clues indicating the need to investigate beyond superficial conjunctivitis. It should prompt the clinician to recognize endopthalmitis early and accurately diagnose this serious disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = gene (Clic here for more details about this article) |
18/58. Further evidence for proinflammatory nature of perfluorohexyloctane in the eye.BACKGROUND: The authors present a clinicopathological report of their initial experience with perfluorohexyloctane (F6H8), a novel semifluorinated liquid fluorocarbon developed as a long-term vitreous substitute. methods: A retrospective observational review was performed of five patients in whom F6H8 had been used for management of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Surgical specimens taken from two patients at the time of F6H8 removal were also submitted for histopathological, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic analysis. RESULTS: Clinical and histological analysis of the present small case series confirmed the propensity of F6H8 to emulsify, and suggested a probable biological reaction to F6H8. Surrounding and engulfing the F6H8 were numerous cells morphologically in keeping with macrophages. Immuno-histochemistry confirmed macrophage phenotype but electron microscopic evaluation showed epithelial ultra-structural features. It is suggested that the finding of macrophagic phenotype in cells with epithelial ultra-structure provides further evidence for a continuum of phenotypic differentiation of the pigment epithelial cells as part of the repair and regeneration that is the proliferative vitreo-retinopathy (PVR) response. CONCLUSIONS: The data do not indicate any benefit of F6H8 over other perfluorocarbons for use in short-term post-operative intraocular tamponade. Although early experience suggests that F6H8 use in primary vitrectomy with minimal PVR is acceptable and produces temporary inflammatory effects only, these cases can often be successfully managed by conventional scleral buckling techniques, or vitrectomy with standard tamponading agents, without the need for F6H8 and subsequent extra surgical procedures. Furthermore in eyes already predisposed to inflammation through prior surgery and/or presence of PVR, the inflammatory effects were not insignificant. The use of F6H8 is not recommended in the clinical setting, except as part of a controlled trial subject to the approval of an ethics committee and informed consent.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = gene (Clic here for more details about this article) |
19/58. Elevated intraocular pressure, pigment dispersion and dark hypopyon in endogenous endophthalmitis from listeria monocytogenes.listeria monocytogenes endophthalmitis occurred in an immunologically competent patient with no identifiable extraocular septic focus. The patient presented with a dark hypopyon and markedly elevated intraocular pressure, and the diagnosis was established by culture and histopathologic examination of ocular fluid. Four of the fourteen reported cases of listeria monocytogenes endophthalmitis also presented with a dark hypopyon, and all cases had markedly elevated intraocular pressure. The presence of a dark hypopyon and elevated intraocular pressure may indicate endogenous intraocular infection with listeria monocytogenes, even in an apparently healthy host.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.4keywords = gene (Clic here for more details about this article) |
20/58. Endogenous endophthalmitis after otitis media.PURPOSE: To report a case of bacterial endophthalmitis after otitis media in a healthy adult. DESIGN: Interventional case report. methods: A healthy 49-year-old Caucasian woman developed acute otitis media of the right ear. Three weeks after the first onset there was a recurrence of the otitis media, with perforation of the tympanic membrane. Two days after this, the woman presented at our clinic with endophthalmitis of the right eye. RESULTS: A culture of vitreous material grew streptococcus pyogenes (Streptococcus Lancefield group A). The same strain was found in a smear from the perforated ear. Despite aggressive treatment, the affected eye had to be eviscerated. CONCLUSIONS: otitis media can result in a bacteremia. This may, even in a healthy adult, lead to a devastating endogenous bacterial endophthalmitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = gene (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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