1/145. Epileptic falling spells after epidural haematoma in adult Down's syndrome.A 35-year-old man with Down's syndrome showed epileptic falling spells. He had suffered from a traumatic right-sided epidural haematoma 3 years before. It had been neurosurgically treated, but MRI taken 5 days later had revealed a small contracoup contusion at the left temporal lobe. His falling spell was a brief tonic seizure without disturbance of consciousness. Background activities of EEG consisted of slow alpha waves interspersed with sporadic theta waves and the amplitude at the left temporal area was lower than the opposite one. Interictal EEG showed sharp waves or sharp and slow wave complexes predominantly at the right temporo-centro-parietal area as well as diffuse, though predominantly at frontal areas, bursts of slow waves with high amplitude. The EEG suggested focal epileptic activities evolving into secondary generalization. SPECT of the brain showed the hypoperfusion at the left temporal area and at the right posterotemporo-parietal area, where the hypoperfusion was somewhat reduced after the improvement of seizures. seizures were well controlled with phenytoin combined with phenobarbital. The incidence of epilepsy in the Down's syndrome has been reported to increase after the middle age in association with the development of Alzheimer's neuropathology. When those people would sustain head injuries, it was necessary to follow carefully using SPECT and EEG.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = epilepsy, frontal, lobe (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/145. Solitary olfactory groove schwannoma: case report with review of the literature.A 45-year-old man presented with headaches of 6 months' duration and generalized seizures in a cluster 2 days prior to admission. Examination revealed bilateral papilloedema and no focal deficits. CT scan showed an isodense enhancing mass lesion in the right frontobasal region with perilesional edema. Bifrontal craniotomy (with total excision of the tumor) revealed a tumor in the region of the right olfactory groove attached to the cribriform plate. Histopathological examination disclosed it to be a hyalinised schwannoma. Solitary schwannomas arising from the olfactory groove are extremely rare. Only six other cases have been reported so far. The presentation. CT scan findings and histogenesis of the tumor are discussed along with a review of the literature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.00052978108232181keywords = frontal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/145. Unusually prolonged survival and childhood-onset epilepsy in a case of alobar holoprosencephaly.Alobar holoprosencephaly is one of the most severe congenital malformations of the central nervous system. Most affected infants are stillborn or have a very short life-span. The survivors can present with neonatal seizures and/or infantile spasms. We report on an unusually long-lived patient with alobar holoprosencephaly and minor facial dysmorphism, who developed generalized epilepsy during childhood.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4.9971931225176keywords = epilepsy, childhood (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/145. Primary ciliary dyskinesia syndrome and primary generalised epilepsy.A child with primary ciliary dyskinesia syndrome (PCDS) developed primary generalised epilepsy (PGE). The PGE had characteristics of both childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). The association of PCDS and PGE has not previously been recorded.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6.9960420881969keywords = epilepsy, childhood (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/145. Tiagabine-induced absence status in idiopathic generalized epilepsy.Several medications such as baclofen, amitriptyline and even antiepileptic drugs such as carbamazepine or vigabatrin are known to induce absence status epilepticus in patients with generalized epilepsies. Tiagabine (TGB) is effective in patients with focal epilepsies. However, TGB has also been reported to induce non-convulsive status epilepticus in several patients with focal epilepsies and in one patient with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. In animal models of generalized epilepsy, TGB induces absence status with 3-5 Hz spike-wave complexes. We describe a 32-year-old patient with absence epilepsy and primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures since 11 years of age, who developed her first absence status epilepticus while treated with 45 mg of TGB daily. Administration of lorazepam and immediate reduction in TGB dosage was followed by complete clinical and electroencephalographic remission. This case demonstrates that TGB can induce typical absence status epilepticus in a patient with primary generalized epilepsy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7.9954712849245keywords = epilepsy (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/145. Functional imaging in schizencephaly using [18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) and single photon emission computed tomography with technetium-99m-hexamethyl-propyleneamine oxime (HMPAO-SPECT).We analyzed interictal [18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FGD-PET) and single photon emission computed tomography with technetium-99m-hexamethyl-propyleneamine oxime (HMPAO-SPECT) in a 23-year-old female with schizencephaly. She had epilepsy and mild left hemiparesis, but was otherwise developmentally normal. We found the glucose metabolism and perfusion of the wall of the schizencephalic cleft to be identical to those of normal cerebral cortex. The wall of the transcerebral clefts, which were observed to be lined by abnormally organized gray matter as a result of a migration disorder, demonstrated gray matter metabolic activity and perfusion. FDG-PET and HMPAO-SPECT were thus found to be a useful complement to magnetic resonance imaging for evaluating schizencephaly.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.99943391061556keywords = epilepsy (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/145. Calcifying pseudotumor of the neural axis--case report.A 22-year-old female presented with a calcifying pseudotumor of the neural axis manifesting as generalized convulsive seizure twice within 1 year. Computed tomography revealed a small, calcified mass lesion located in the right parietal lobe adjacent to the skull. The tumor was composed of an extensively calcified mass with accompanying peripheral epithelioid cells and focal mature bone structure, consistent with the diagnosis of a calcifying pseudotumor of the neural axis. Following complete excision of the tumor, the patient has been free from seizures for 8 years.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.6308302115343E-5keywords = lobe (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/145. A unique effect of clonazepam on frontal lobe seizure control.In a 16-year-old female, clonazepam (CZP) changed randomly occurring intractable tonic seizures of frontal lobe origin to a few sleep seizures when used as an adjunctive therapy. The significance of this change in the seizure pattern is discussed with an explanation of possible pathophysiologic mechanism.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0062611057058068keywords = frontal lobe, frontal, lobe (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/145. Concordance of primary generalised epilepsy and carbamazepine hypersensitivity in monozygotic twins.In this paper we describe the previously unreported phenomenon of a carbamazepine-induced mucocutaneous syndrome in identical twins. These twins had developed primary generalised epilepsy within 2 months of each other.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4.9971695530778keywords = epilepsy (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/145. Postictal mania following primary generalized seizures.A 29 year old male with primary generalized seizures for 13 years stopped his anticonvulsants leading to an increase in seizure frequency. Five months later he developed a severe manic episode postictally which responded well to a combination of neuroleptics and anticonvulsants. Postictal psychoses usually follow complex partial seizures. Manic episodes are uncommon. This case had some similarities with other cases of postictal psychoses reported previously. It underlines the need for further investigation of several facets of this complex relationship between mood disorders and epilepsy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.99943391061556keywords = epilepsy (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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