1/12. Transient visuospatial disorder from angiographic contrast.BACKGROUND: The blood-brain barrier may be permeable under the clinical settings of uncontrolled hypertension, renal insufficiency, immunosuppressive drugs, and intravascular radiographic contrast. Some reversible neurological complications after angiography are caused by cortical penetration of contrast media detected on brain computed tomographic (CT) scans. OBJECTIVES: To describe the first report of a transient visuospatial disorder having elements of Balint syndrome, and caused by angiographic contrast penetration of the bilateral parieto-occipital cortex; and to review cases published between 1980 and 2001 of cortical contrast penetration, documented by CT. RESULTS: Simultanagnosia, optic ataxia, and ocular apraxia occurred in a 74-year-old woman who received nonionic contrast media during a failed renal angioplasty. Contrast noted in the bilateral parieto-occipital cortex on the initial CT scan disappeared after 4 days with clinical resolution. CONCLUSIONS: Angiographic contrast tends to breach the blood-brain barrier of the vertebrobasilar circulation, penetrating the occipital cortex and leading to transient, localizable syndromes of cortical blindness or abnormal visuospatial processing.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = process (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/12. Inferior alveolar nerve paresthesia relieved by microscopic endodontic treatment.We experienced two cases of inferior alveolar nerve paresthesia caused by root canal medicaments, which were successfully relieved by microscopic endodontic treatment. In the first case, the paresthesia might have been attributable to infiltration of calcium hydroxide into the mandibular canal through the root canals of the mandibular left second molar tooth. In the second case, the paresthesia might have been attributable to infiltration of paraformaldehyde through the root canals of the mandibular right second molar tooth. The paresthesia was relieved in both cases by repetitive microscopic endodontic irrigation using physiological saline solution in combination with oral vitamin B12 and adenosine triphosphate.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1294.6969029091keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/12. Inferior alveolar nerve injury caused by thermoplastic gutta-percha overextension.Injuries to the inferior alveolar nerve following trauma resulting in a mandibular fracture are well documented and are a well-known risk when surgical procedures are planned for the mandible in the region of the inferior alveolar canal. Such injuries are relatively rare following endodontic therapy. This article reports a case of combined thermal and pressure injury to the inferior alveolar nerve, reviews the pathogenesis of such an injury and makes suggestions for its management.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1812.5756640728keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/12. Management of arsenic trioxide necrosis in the maxilla.Historically, pulp-necrotizing agents were commonly used in endodontic treatments. They act quickly and devitalize the pulp within a few days. However, they are cytotoxic to gingiva and bone. If such an agent diffuses out of the cavity, it can readily cause widespread necrosis of gingiva and bone, which can lead to osteomyelitis of the jaws. Although the use of arsenic trioxide can cause severe damage to surrounding tissues, producing complications, it is still used in certain areas in the world. This article presents and discusses two cases of tissue necrosis and their surgical management. These cases showed severe alveolar bone loss in the maxilla, which affected the patients' quality of life and limited the restorative possibilities. As dentists, we should be aware of the hazardous effects of arsenic trioxide and should abandon its use. Because of its cytotoxicity, there is no justification for the use of arsenic trioxide in the modern dental practice.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 258.93938058182keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/12. Injection biomechanics of bone cements used in vertebroplasty.The incidence of osteoporotic bone fractures is growing exponentially as the western population ages and as life expectancy increases. vertebroplasty, where acrylic or calcium phosphate cement is injected into the weakened vertebrae to augment them, is an emerging procedure for treating spinal fragility fractures. However, cement injection is currently limited because there are no clear standards for a safe, reproducible and predictable procedure. The purpose of this paper is to examine the role that bone cements play in the underlying bio-mechanisms that affect the outcomes of cement injection. Our most important finding after combining clinical, laboratory and theoretical research is that the process of cement injection poses conflicting demands on bone cements. The cements are required to be more viscous and less viscous at the same time. The challenge therefore is to develop biomaterials, techniques and/or devices that can overcome or manage the conflicting demands on cement viscosity.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = process (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/12. Intraperitoneal radiocolloid imaging in dialysate leaks.With the increasing use of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), a number of complications related to the leakage of dialysate from the abdominal cavity have been described (Dubin and Froelich: Clinical nuclear medicine 10(3): 173, 174, 1985; Johnson et al.: archives of Surgery 122(8): 952-954, 1987; Ducassou et al.: Journal of nuclear medicine 25(1): 68, 69, 1984; Walker and Fish: Journal of nuclear medicine 29(9): 1596-1602, 1988; Eisenberg et al.: Clinical nuclear medicine 13(2): 99-101, 1988). The use of intraperitoneal radiolabeled colloid has been previously described to image entities such as hernias, patent processus vaginalis, abdominal wall, and diaphragmatic leakage by other specialities, but has not been described in the general imaging literature. This paper illustrates a simple, noninvasive method of determining the site of dialysate leak and its importance to assist further patient management.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = process (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/12. Histologic changes induced in skin by extravasation of doxorubicin (adriamycin).Extravasation of doxorubicin in skin and soft tissue causes necrosis and ulceration. These ulcers form slowly and heal with great difficulty. The cause of ulceration is not known. Histologic changes in two patients suggest that an exaggeration of interface dermatitis like epidermal changes may be responsible for epidermal necrosis. This process may be enhanced or complicated by ischemic changes caused by thrombosis of the venous tributaries at the site of the intravenous infusions. Squamous syringometaplasia seen in both cases can be confused with squamous cell carcinoma. Dermal changes mimic those seen in radiation injury.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = process (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/12. Pseudonecrotizing fasciitis due to dialysate and air leak in a peritoneal dialysis patient.Necrotizing fasciitis is a serious, rapidly progressive infection of subcutaneous tissue and fascia. While free intraperitoneal air is known to occur in peritoneal dialysis patient, dissection of this air into the abdominal wall mimicking the subcutaneous emphysema of necrotizing fasciitis has not previously been reported. We herein report the first case of pseudonecrotizing fasciitis due to dialysate fluid and air leak in a patient on peritoneal dialysis and discuss features differentiating this process from true necrotizing fasciitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = process (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/12. skin necrosis following fluorescein extravasation. A survey of the Macula Society.Three patients developed cellulitis and skin necrosis following fluorescein dye extravasation. This experience prompted a survey of the Macula Society membership to determine whether this complication of fluorescein angiography is as rare as the paucity of cases in the literature suggests. In addition, the manufacturer was asked to reexamine the dye lot to determine whether an impurity had been introduced unintentionally during the manufacturing process. No impurity was found in the dye lots tested. The survey disclosed only nine additional cases of skin necrosis, leading to the conclusion that skin necrosis probably represents a rare, idiosyncratic reaction. Although fluorescein angiography remains a safe procedure, efforts should be directed toward prevention of dye extravasation. When extravasation does occur, prompt and proper medical attention with close follow-up study may minimize the likelihood of skin necrosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = process (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/12. Extravasation from the unused bladder during cystography: case report.Spontaneous, asymptomatic extravasation during retrograde cystography occurred in a quadraplegic patient who had been maintained on constant Foley catheter drainage for 7 years. This phenomenon has recently been described in a few anuric patients being studied prior to renal transplant and is probably related to the chronic disuse status of the bladder. It is a self-limiting process and, in the absence of a clinical reaction, only observation is warranted.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = process (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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