1/70. Sclerosing sweat duct carcinoma of the eyelid margin: unusual presentation of a rare tumor.OBJECTIVE: Sclerosing sweat duct carcinoma (SSDC) is a rare, slow-growing, locally invasive skin tumor of eccrine and pilar origin. It is usually located on the face, particularly the upper lip, cheek, and forehead. It has been infrequently reported on the eyelid, secondarily involved from adjacent cheek and brow tumors. Only four previous cases have reported primary eyelid tumors. The authors present four cases of primary eyelid margin involvement, which show the variability in clinical presentations. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. The authors present four case studies of lower eyelid margin tumors diagnosed as SSDC. PARTICIPANTS/methods: The history of this recently recognized neoplasm is discussed in relation to the cases presented and the role of the ophthalmologist and pathologist in such cases. RESULTS: Primary SSDC of the eyelid margin is a reportedly rare entity. This particular presentation can occur in all age groups; can mimic benign, acanthotic, or basal cell-like tumors; and is usually misdiagnosed initially. This can lead to a delay in definitive treatment for a tumor that classically presents late in its natural history to health professionals. All eight cases of primary eyelid SSDC now reported in the literature have occurred in the lower lid. CONCLUSION: This rare but aggressive tumor is difficult to diagnose from a simple biopsy and may be more common than previously believed. Initial or early diagnosis is important because of unusually invasive characteristics. recurrence is common and usually leads to extensive tissue loss via direct invasion or subsequent wide resection. Correct histologic diagnosis at the time of initial tumor removal will likely aid in achieving complete excision with fewer recurrences.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/70. Second malignant neoplasms of the head and neck in survivors of retinoblastoma.retinoblastoma is a malignant tumor of the embryonic retina. Although it is rare, it is the most common primary eye tumor of childhood. life expectancy following treatment is now excellent, but survivors who have heritable retinoblastoma face an increased risk of a second malignant head or neck neoplasm. A second neoplasm, which often occurs in the irradiated field of the original tumor, has become the most significant threat to the survival of these patients. We report the case of a young girl who was cured of her retinoblastoma only to later develop a second nonocular tumor that metastasized to the superficial parotid gland. She underwent a superficial parotidectomy and neck dissection, but the malignancy eventually recurred and required further surgery and radiation therapy. In this article, we discuss the etiology, incidence, sites of occurrence, and management options for a second malignant neoplasm in retinoblastoma survivors. The head and neck surgeon must be vigilant in the diagnosis and management of second neoplasms in this patient population because they often occur in irradiated fields; surgical management is important to patient survival.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 8keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/70. Primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the eyelid: report of a case demonstrating further analogy to lobular carcinoma of the breast with a literature review.Primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the eyelid is a rare neoplasm with less than ten cases described. This report details another case, which shows further parallels to lobular carcinoma of the breast, and reviews the literature on this subject. A 73-year-old white female presented with diffuse induration of her left eyelids. Histopathology revealed a delicate infiltrate of epithelial cells scattered throughout the lid stroma in a non-destructive pattern. The cells were relatively monomorphous and showed only mild atypia and rare mitotic figures. Many had slightly granular amphophilic cytoplasms, others showed distinct signet ring cell morphology, and all were strongly positive for epithelial mucin. Immunomicroscopy showed strong reactivity for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 (GCDFP-15), and was negative for Her-2/neu (erb-2) and cytokeratin 20. An extensive workup for other primary sites was negative. Orbital exenteration showed extensive involvement of both lids and soft tissue, including diffuse muscle and lacrimal gland infiltration. In the breast, signet ring cell carcinoma is considered a variant of lobular carcinoma. The delicate infiltrating pattern in our case and the ER , PR , GCDFP-15 , Her-2/neu-phenotype further strengthen this analogy. Together, these data also support apocrine differentiation of primary eyelid signet ring cell carcinoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/70. Eccrine sweat gland tumor of clear cell origin involving the eyelids.A 47-year-old patient with an unusual tumor involving the right upper and lower eyelids has been followed for almost 6 years. The tumor has remained localized to the eyelids and has recurred locally following attempts at complete or partial excision. The morphological features of the tumor as seen by ordinary light microscopic methods were puzzling, and resulted in a variety of pathologic diagnoses. light microscopic examination of plastic-embedded semithin sections, and electron microscopic examination indicate that this is a hitherto undescribed eccrine sweat gland tumor of clear cell origin. Its infiltrative growth pattern and tendency to local recurrence suggests that it may be a low-grade malignant neoplasm.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/70. Mucoepidermoid/adenosquamous carcinoma of the skin: presentation of two cases.BACKGROUND: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a relatively common neoplasm of the major and minor salivary glands comprising 10-30% of primary carcinomas. They may involve the skin through direct extension, metastases, and rarely, as a primary focus (adenosquamous carcinoma). OBJECTIVE: To discuss through case reports, the nomenclature, histology, clinical course, and treatment of mucoepidermoid/adenosquamous carcinoma. methods: We present a case of mucoepidermoid carcinoma primary to an upper eyelid accessory lacrimal gland with direct cutaneous extension and a case of primary cutaneous adenosquamous carcinoma of the scalp. RESULTS: An eyelid neoplasm of lacrimal origin was initially treated with Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS), requiring an orbital exenteration to achieve a tumor-free plane. In the second case, a primary scalp lesion was cleared with MMS. Neither patient has had local recurrence or metastases. CONCLUSION: Correct diagnosis is crucial to pursuing adequate treatment for this aggressive neoplasm. We support the use of MMS to achieve local control.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/70. Apocrine adenocarcinoma of the eyelid with aggressive biological behavior: report of a case.A case of apocrine adenocarcinoma of the eyelid that showed unusually aggressive biological behavior is reported. The patient was a 57-year-old man who complained of discomfort and excessive lacrimation of the left eye. A subcutaneous tumor measuring 2.5 cm was found at the medial canthus of the upper eyelid, and a plica-like subconjunctival spread was noted in the lacrimal caruncle. Invasion into the extraocular muscles and metastasis to the cervical lymph nodes and bone were already present at the time of initial presentation. Histopathologically, the tumor showed features of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, and polygonal tumor cells had large, hyperchromatic nuclei with prominent nucleoli and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. The formation of ductal structures was found occasionally. The differentiation of the tumor cells towards the apocrine gland was corroborated by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies GCDFP-15 and B72.3. The histogenesis and pathological differential diagnosis are discussed briefly, and the tumor was considered to have originated in the Moll's gland in the eyelid. This case emphasizes that apocrine adenocarcinomas of the ocular region have the potential for aggressive biological behavior, including distant metastasis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.033805498275634keywords = ductal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/70. Multiple neoplasms: a case report.patients diagnosed with Chronic Lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) have an increased risk of developing second primary cancers. However, as far as we know, more than one type of subsequent malignancy in one patient has not been described. We report a case of two different skin cancers following CLL. A 68-year-old female patient, in whom CLL was diagnosed 5 years earlier, presented with a pigmentation in the left lower eyelid. biopsy showed a melanoma. The tumor was excised and histopathological examination revealed a superficial spreading melanoma. Half a year later, a new pigmented tumor was seen in the transplant of the left lower eyelid. biopsy was performed and histopathological examination showed an intraepithelial squamous cell carcinoma. This was treated with 5 fluorouracil 1% eyedrops.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/70. Eyelid swelling: think of metastasis of histiocytoid breast carcinoma.Metastatic breast carcinoma may assume many clinicopathological patterns. We here describe a case of histiocytoid breast carcinoma metastasis in the eyelids of a 73-year-old woman. Clinically, the patient presented painless swelling and nodular infiltration of the lateral and medial portions of the eyelids recalling a xanthomatous process or cystic lesions. physical examination revealed similar lesions on the neck and right thigh. Medical history had revealed breast carcinoma 5 years previously. A biopsy specimen taken from a nodule on the eyelids revealed a relatively symmetric dermal tumor composed mainly of large, uniform, round-to-oval cells embedded in a fibrous stroma with moderate mucin deposits. The cells had abundant, coarsely granular eosinophilic cytoplasm and scant or absent nuclear atypia. No lobular arrangement of the cells or overt ductal formation were seen. Only occasional intracytoplasmic lumina were observed. Most cells demonstrated a positive immunoreaction for carcinoembryonic antigen. It is important to recognize histiocytoid breast carcinoma metastasis in the eyelids, because it may easily be overlooked clinically and histopathologically. This tumor should not be confused histopathologically with other benign and malignant skin tumors containing similar granular cells, but which have a different significance or a different prognosis. The immunohistochemical study, in conjunction with the medical history of the patient, facilitated the diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.033805498275634keywords = ductal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/70. Masquerade syndrome: sebaceous carcinoma presenting as an unknown primary with pagetoid spread to the nasal cavity.Sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid is an uncommon tumour with unusual modes of presentation. It can remain occult at the primary site, without producing any mass, masquerading as chronic blepharoconjunctivitis, while setting up metastases in the regional lymph nodes especially in the pre-auricular group. We report here a case that not only masqueraded as chronic blepharoconjunctivitis with nodal metastases from an 'unknown primary' in the neck, but whose tumour spread in a pagetoid manner along the nasolacrimal duct producing a nasal tumour that was believed to be the 'unknown primary'. This case emphasizes the need for ophthalmologists, ENT surgeons and pathologists to keep sebaceous carcinoma in mind while evaluating patients with chronic blepharoconjunctivitis and cervical node metastases from 'unknown primary'. Histological clues for picking up a sebaceous carcinoma at a metastatic site include a tumour with comedo or ductal growth pattern and intracytoplasmic lipid.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.033805498275634keywords = ductal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/70. Desmoplastic trichilemmoma: a rare tumor of the eyelid.PURPOSE: To report an upper eyelid mass which proved to be a desmoplastic trichilemmoma. methods: A 60-year-old man had a slowly enlarging upper eyelid mass. The tumor was excised. The pathologic evaluation of the tumor was centered on the differential diagnosis. RESULTS: The clinical appearance of this lesion is nonspecific and can simulate a verruca, follicular keratosis, or basal cell carcinoma. Central desmoplasia, outer root sheath differentiation of the tumor cells, and CD34 positivity are the main characteristics that allow differentiation from basal cell carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Proper recognition of a benign neoplasm that may be misdiagnosed as basal cell cancer can prevent aggressive surgical treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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