1/34. microstomia following facial burns.Deep burns to the face and lips often lead to the formation of scar tissue and contracture of the perioral tissues with marked reduction of the ability of the patient to open his mouth. The mouth tends to be turned into a wrinkled, rigid, unyielding structure, resembling the semi-rigid mouth of the fish. Such burns are most frequently caused by electricity or flames, and less frequently by chemical substances. The deformity caused by microstomia is painful both to the patient and to his family. Additionally, there is serious functional loss, it is practically impossible to smile, speech becomes difficult, and the movement of the mandible is limited. In severe cases feeding has to be performed with a straw. oral hygiene is compromised and access for the administration of dental care is impossible, hence limited to extractions. Techniques to prevent or, if not prevented, surgically correct the resultant microstomia are described, followed by a case report on a pediatric patient, whose microstomia was surgically corrected several years following the injury.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = mouth (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/34. Extensive facial damage caused by a blast injury arising from a 6 volt lead accumulator.Low-voltage electrical injuries are relatively uncommon. Injury caused by flow of heavy current due to short-circuiting a low-voltage battery has not been described in the English literature. A 9-year-old boy connected two thin household electrical wires to the two terminals of a 6 volt (lead accumulator) battery and pressed the other two ends between his teeth. This resulted in a blast causing a compound comminuted fracture of the mandible and extensive tissue damage in the oral cavity. The low internal resistance of a lead accumulator (approximately 0.03 ohms) permits the flow of a heavy current (approximately 200 amps) when short-circuited. This instantaneously vaporises a minuscule portion of wire at approximately 2000 K resulting in a sudden rise of intraoral pressure to 30 kg cm-2 leading to tissue damage.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.45681333214922keywords = oral cavity, cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/34. skin and soft tissue artifacts due to postmortem damage caused by rodents.Five cases of postmortem bite-injuries inflicted by rodents are presented (five males between 41 and 89 years; three cases caused by mice, one case by rats, one case of possible mixed rodent activity by rats and mice). The study presents a spectrum of phenomenological aspects of postmortem artifacts due to rodent activity to fresh skin and soft tissue: the majority of the injuries have a circular appearance. The wound margins are finely serrated with irregular edges and circumscribed 1-2 mm intervals within, partly showing protruding indentations up to 5 mm. Distinct parallel cutaneous lacerations deriving from the biting action of the upper and lower pairs of the rodents incisors are diagnostic for tooth marks of rodent origin but cannot always be found. No claw-induced damage can be found in the skin beyond the wound margins. Areas involved in the present study were: exposed and unprotected parts of the body, such as eyelids, nose and mouth (representing moist parts of the face); and the back of the hands. Postmortem rodent activity may occasionally be expected on clothed and therefore protected parts of the body. The phenomenon of postmortem rodent activity to human bodies can be found indoors especially under circumstances of low socioeconomic settings; outdoors this finding is particularly observed among fatalities among homeless people.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = mouth (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/34. Unusual parotid gland foreign body.A foreign body in the parotid gland whether from the oral cavity or through the skin is extremely uncommon. A case is described of the tip of a golden-colored pencil accidentally piercing the deep lobe after a fall. Emergency surgical removal was performed, and the diagnosis of the foreign body was quite easy. In contrast, determination of the location in the gland had to be done by a microscope, with fluoroscopy during the operation and was quite difficult. During removal, great attention was paid to avoiding facial nerve injury. This was done by identifying the facial trunk at the pointer using a microscope. The dissolved material including copper and zinc metal powder, paste, and clay, was found in the deep lobe associated with the surrounding abscess. Although these materials are assumed to be harmless to human tissues, the complete and immediate removal is to prevent salivary fistule resulting from inflammation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.45681333214922keywords = oral cavity, cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/34. Temporoparietal fascial flap in orbital reconstruction.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the success of the temporoparietal fascial flap (TPFF) in the primary or secondary reconstruction of difficult orbital defects and to review the surgical techniques. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: Tertiary medical center. patients: Nine patients with diverse orbital cavity or periorbital soft tissue and bony defects due to trauma, benign or malignant neoplasms, and radiation treatment. INTERVENTIONS: Temporoparietal fascial flap anatomy and techniques of harvest and inset are reviewed in detail. Four cases are presented to illustrate possible variables in orbital reconstruction. Variables examined include the location of defects, the success of flap survival in orbital cavities after primary or secondary reconstruction, the effects of prior irradiation on flap survival, and the possibility of concurrent osteointegrated implant placement with TPFF reconstruction. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Functional and aesthetic outcomes were determined by physical examination and preoperative and postoperative photographs. RESULTS: All patients had successful transfer of TPFF grafts without flap compromise. Temporoparietal fascial flap was a viable option for subtle orbital and malar contour defects. In chronically inflamed wounds such as with osteoradionecrosis and orbitoantral fistula, TPFF successfully restored vascularity, obliterated the defects, and enabled the placement of osteointegrated implants. The TPFF also supported the concurrent placement of a free calvarial bone graft. Finally, split-thickness skin grafted onto a pedicled TPFF showed 100% survival. CONCLUSIONS: The TPFF is one of the most reliable and versatile regional flaps in the head and neck for orbital reconstruction. This study presents the use of TPFF in a variety of orbital defects, from lateral bony rim defects to total exenteration. Timing of repair in this study spans from immediate reconstruction to reconstruction delayed more than 50 years after the initial injury. In all cases, reconstruction with TPFF resulted in improved bony and soft tissue contours, and incurred minimal morbidity.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.041542148362177keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/34. death caused by a letter bomb.A 48-year-old man was killed by the explosion of a letter bomb after receiving severe injuries to his face and left hand. The autopsy ascertained that the right eye and orbit had been completely destroyed by a large piece of metal from a tin can that had entered the cranial cavity through the right eye and caused fatal brain damage. The victim had also sustained a severe injury to his left hand. Reconstruction of the metal and plastic fragments showed that the victim had received a padded envelope with a video cassette in which a simple explosive device was hidden in a flat tin. The explosive charge consisted of a mixture (ca. 60 g) of sodium chlorate, sodium chloride and sucrose. The charge was detonated by a nylon cord attached to the inside of the envelope which was stretched when the video cassette was pulled out of the envelope. This removed a piece of plastic from between two contacts, and the explosion was set off immediately by a battery which activated two flash bulbs placed within the charge.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.041542148362177keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/34. An unusual mode of injury-implantation of a broken toothbrush medial to ramus: report of a case.Impalement injury and implantation of a foreign body in the oral cavity is common in young children. Typically the child falls with the foreign body in the mouth resulting in implantation of the object at various sites in the oral cavity. It is quite unusual to have the head of a toothbrush with bristles implanted fully in the soft tissue medial to the ramus, in the region of pterygomandibular space, following an injury with a cricket ball without a history of fall. A case of an unusual foreign body implanted at an unusual site by an unusual injury is being presented.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.2469599976318keywords = oral cavity, mouth, cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/34. Superselective embolization for control of facial haemorrhage.A case on the successful management of acute facial bleeding from the maxillary artery by superselective embolization is described. A 26-year-old male sustained a gunshot wound (GSW) to the face leading to profuse bleeding from the site of bullet entry, the nose and the mouth. Local measures failed to arrest the bleeding. The patient was stabilised haemodynamically, then the source of bleeding was located by angiography and the bleeding was arrested by superselective embolization.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = mouth (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/34. High-pressure grease injury of the face.We describe a rare case of high-pressure grease injury of the face in a 48-year-old man with severe facial edema, soft palate swelling, and bleeding from the nose and mouth. Preoperative computed tomography (CT) revealed multiple low-density areas in nasal cavity, subcutaneous tissue of the cheek, soft palate, right maxillary sinus, and right infratemporal fossa. The patient complained of a dyspnea feeling, and immediate tracheostomy was performed. The grease was removed by the Caldwell-Luc incision approach but was partially left in the infratemporal fossa. After the operation, the patient still complained cheek and temporal pain. CT and magnetic resonance imaging were useful to diagnose the remaining grease, and the remnant of the grease was completely removed by the Weber-Fergusson incision approach.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.37487548169551keywords = mouth, cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/34. Post-traumatic severe trismus caused by impairment of the masticatory muscle.Restriction of the mouth opening from a pathologic condition outside the temporomandibular joint is called a pseudo- or extra-articular ankylosis. The authors report two cases of severe post-traumatic pseudoankylosis. One case showed fibrous degeneration of the bilateral masseter muscles without a facial bone fracture, which caused severe trismus, a mouth opening of less than 2 mm, and gradually appeared after blunt injuries to the face. The other was a rare case accompanied with the bone formation in the masseter muscle and was diagnosed as myositis ossificans traumatica, which also presented as severe trismus, with a maximal mouth opening of 5 mm after facial violence. Both were surgically treated with dissection of the affected muscles. In addition, a hemicoronoidotomy was performed in the case of myositis ossificans traumatica. Although a conservative therapy with physical rehabilitation is the basic policy for the management of pseudoankylosis of the temporomandibular joint, a surgical treatment should be considered when the origin of the problems is an osteogenic character or severe extra-articular ankylosis resistant to conservative therapy before completion of true temporomandibular joint ankylosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = mouth (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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