1/8. brachydactyly type B with its distinct facies and 'Cooks syndrome' are the same entity.A sibling pair with brachydactyly type B born to a normal non-consanguineous couple are described and the severity of their condition discussed. It is proposed that a subgroup of individuals with brachydactyly type B principally involving the nails and distal phalanges, and also having distinct facies, might be identical to individuals having 'Cooks syndrome'.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = brachydactyly (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/8. Clinical findings in a patient with FGFR1 P252R mutation and comparison with the literature.We report on a patient with the skeletal findings of Jackson-Weiss syndrome, who manifests only mild craniofacial anomalies. Molecular analysis of her fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 gene (FGFR1) identified a heterozygous P252R missense mutation, previously only reported with FGFR1-Pfeiffer syndrome like manifestations. Mutations in the immunoglobulin-like, II-III (IgII-III) linker region of FGFR1 and FGFR3 molecules may present as a skeletal dysplasia affecting the appendicular skeleton including, brachydactyly, short broad middle phalanges, phalangeal epiphyseal coning and broad halluces. This communication is a further example of the phenomenon of an activated FGFR molecule resulting in overlapping manifestations in FGFR syndromes.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = brachydactyly (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/8. Syndrome of coronal craniosynostosis, Klippel-Feil anomaly, and sprengel shoulder with and without Pro250Arg mutation in the FGFR3 gene.A unique Pro250Arg point mutation in fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) was initially reported by Bellus et al. [1996: Nat Genet 14:174-176] and the phenotype subsequently by Muenke et al. [1997: Am J Hum Genet 60:555-564], Reardon et al. [1997: J Med Genet 34:632-636], and Graham et al. [1998: Am J Med Genet 77:322-329]. These authors emphasized the pleiotropic nature of this form of coronal craniosynostosis, including brachydactyly with carpal and/or tarsal coalitions, with other anomalies at lower frequency. We report on a family with autosomal dominant coronal synostosis, segmentation and fusion anomalies of the vertebra and ribs, and Sprengel shoulder due to the Pro250Arg mutation. We also report a single case with an identical phenotype without the mutation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = brachydactyly (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/8. Midface hypoplasia, obesity, developmental delay and neonatal hypotonia in two brothers.We describe two brothers born to consanguineous parents, who presented with hypotonia and hypoglycaemia in the neonatal period and later developed obesity and developmental delay. They had brachydactyly and similar facial features including a prominent forehead, low nasal bridge, midface hypoplasia, full lips, a small mouth, and small, low set ears with overfolded helices. Their sister had mild learning disabilities. No additional anomalies were found, and metabolic investigations including peroxisomal functions gave normal results. We suggest the patients have a hitherto unreported condition, with an autosomal or X-linked mode of inheritance.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = brachydactyly (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/8. Interstitial deletion of chromosome 9, int del(9)(9q22.31-q31.2), including the genes causing multiple basal cell nevus syndrome and Robinow/brachydactyly 1 syndrome.We report a child with a de novo interstitial deletion, 46,XY, int del(9)(9q22.31-q31.2). Cytogenetic and molecular analysis defined the boundaries of the lost region, of paternal origin, from D9S1796 to D9S938. The clinical picture included macrocephaly, frontal bossing, bilateral epicanthus, down-slanted palpebral fissures, low-set ears, hypoplastic nostrils, micrognathia, scoliosis, right single palmar crease, small nails, slender fingers, bilaterally flexed 5th finger, delayed bone age, abnormal metacarpophalangeal pattern (MCPP) profile and sole pits. No major malformation was recorded. The deleted region includes, among others, the PTCH and ROR2 genes. Mutations of the former cause the nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) while mutations in the ROR2 gene have been found both in Robinow syndrome and in brachydactyly type 1B (BDB1). As the patient shows some clinical manifestation of both syndromes, we conclude that phenotypic changes related to haploinsufficiency of PTCH and ROR2 are recognisable in our patient even at a young age and in the presence of the more complex phenotype due to the deletion's large size. Thus the efforts to identify the genes included in a deletion are worthy as they may result in better care of the patient as, in this case, monitoring the possible development of tumours associated with NBCCS.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.5keywords = brachydactyly (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/8. Geleophysic dysplasia: a report of three affected boys--prenatal ultrasound does not detect recurrence.Geleophysic dysplasia is characterized by short stature with short limbs and brachydactyly, a "happy" facial appearance, and joint contractures. Infiltration of heart valves and liver with a mucopolysaccharide-like substance has been demonstrated in some patients. A metabolic pathogenesis is suspected, but has not yet been identified. We report on 3 boys with the condition, 2 of whom are brothers. Serial ultrasound scans were performed on 2 of the cases during pregnancy, but short limbs did not become obvious until after 28 weeks of gestation, making it an uninformative procedure for prenatal diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = brachydactyly (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/8. Clinical characteristics associated with dup17(q24q25.1) in a mosaic mother and two non-mosaic daughters.We present cytogenetic and clinical findings in a familial case of dup(17)(q24q25.1). The duplication was transmitted from the mosaic mother to two non-mosaic daughters. This is the first report involving duplication of 17q24q25.1. Manifestations in our three patients were similar to those in previously reported cases with 17q partial duplications, but also included brachydactyly and craniosynostosis. These findings represent additional clinical characteristics of distal 17q duplication and may indicate the presence of gene(s) involved in skeletal development in this region, duplication of which may result in a phenotype resembling Ullrich-turner syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = brachydactyly (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/8. Kabuki make-up syndrome and report of a case with hydrocephalus.We report a 22-year-old man with hydrocephalus caused by aqueductal stenosis. The patient was diagnosed with Kabuki make-up syndrome based on associated findings such as a peculiar facies, postnatal growth deficiency, brachydactyly of the fifth fingers, undescended testes, and malrotation of the colon. Kabuki make-up syndrome, recognized in japan in 1981, is characterized by five cardinal manifestations: a peculiar facies, skeletal anomalies, dermatoglyphic anomalies, slight to moderate mental retardation, and postnatal dwarfism. Neurological anomalies have been reported to include neonatal hypotonia, feeding problems, seizures, West syndrome, microcephaly, brain atrophy, GH deficiency, precocious puberty, delayed sexual development, and diabetes insipidus. Aqueductal stenosis may be caused by part of the series of midline anomalies. physicians should pay attention to associated anomalous characteristics suggesting a malformation syndrome when they encounter nontumoral aqueductal stenosis in adolescents or adults.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = brachydactyly (Clic here for more details about this article) |