1/47. Primary CNS lymphoma associated with streptococcal abscess: an autopsy case.This report describes a case of streptococcal abscess in the nodules of a primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed multiple lesions with ringlike enhancement over the bilateral frontal, right temporal, and left parietal lobes. On admission, acute brain edema occurred following angiography, which resulted in respiratory arrest. autopsy findings showed that the ringlike enhanced lesions on MRI were streptococcal abscesses localized in the lymphoma nodules. The lymphoma was classified as non-Hodgkin, diffuse large cells of B-cell lineage. No other lymphoma mass was found extracranially. An immunohistochemical study showed that the lymphoma cells were positive for leukocyte common antigen, Epstein-Barr virus, bax. and bcl-XL, and negative for L-26 and bcl-2. This case demonstrated that an opportunistic streptococcal abscess developed in primary CNS lymphoma in a patient without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), though a few similar cases have been reported in patients with AIDS.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/47. Hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome: neurologic features.Hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome (HSES) is a severe disease that affects previously healthy infants of less than 1 year of age and is associated with significant mortality and neurologic morbidity. It is characterized by sudden onset of shock, convulsions and coma, bleeding due to severe coagulopathy, fever, diarrhea, metabolic acidosis, and hepatorenal dysfunction. central nervous system involvement with recurrent seizures and brain edema is the most common cause of high mortality and neurological morbidity. In this report, we describe four patients of HSES and review the initial and follow-up neurological features, electroencephalography findings, and the results of neuroradiological examinations of this catastrophic illness.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/47. Somnolence syndrome in a child following 1200-cGy total body irradiation in an unrelated bone marrow transplantation.Neurological complications may occur following intensive chemotherapy and hematopoietic cell transplantation. Postirradiation somnolence syndrome has been observed in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who received central nervous system preventive therapy with 1800-2400 cGy cranial irradiation. The authors report a 16-year-old boy with chronic myelogenous leukemia in chronic phase, who developed symptoms compatible with the somnolence syndrome (SS) 6 weeks following HLA-matched unrelated bone marrow transplantation (BMT). The preparative regimen consisted of 1200 cGy total body irradiation (TBI), cytosine arabinoside and cyclophosphamide. The patient developed lethargy and low-grade fever, with intermittent rhythmical delta activity in electroencephalograph. He recovered spontaneously without specific therapy 3 weeks after developing symptoms. This is the first report describing that as low as 1200 cGy TBI can induce SS in a child. After allogeneic BMT, some patients develop neurological symptoms. The authors suggest that somnolence syndrome should be included in differential diagnosis in these patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/47. Deaths of children during an outbreak of hand, foot, and mouth disease in sarawak, malaysia: clinical and pathological characteristics of the disease. For the Outbreak Study Group.From April through June 1997, 29 previously healthy children aged <6 years (median, 1.5 years) in Sarawak, malaysia, died of rapidly progressive cardiorespiratory failure during an outbreak of hand, foot, and mouth disease caused primarily by enterovirus 71 (EV71). The case children were hospitalized after a short illness (median duration, 2 days) that usually included fever (in 100% of case children), oral ulcers (66%), and extremity rashes (62%). The illness rapidly progressed to include seizures (28%), flaccid limb weakness (17%), or cardiopulmonary symptoms (of 24 children, 17 had chest radiographs showing pulmonary edema, and 24 had echocardiograms showing left ventricular dysfunction), resulting in cardiopulmonary arrest soon after hospitalization (median time, 9 h). Cardiac tissue from 10 patients showed normal myocardium, but central nervous system tissue from 5 patients showed inflammatory changes. Brain-stem specimens from 2 patients were available, and both specimens showed extensive neuronal degeneration, inflammation, and necrosis, suggesting that a central nervous system infection was responsible for the disease, with the cardiopulmonary dysfunction being neurogenic in origin. EV71 and possibly an adenovirus, other enteroviruses, or unknown cofactors are likely responsible for this rapidly fatal disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/47. infection of central nervous system by motile enterococcus: first case report.A 66-year-old man with four indwelling ventriculoperitoneal shunts for multiloculated hydrocephalus from a complicated case of meningitis a year before developed shunt infection based on a syndrome of fever, drowsiness, and cerebrospinal fluid neutrophil pleocytosis in the background of repeated surgical manipulation to relieve successive shunt blockages. The cerebrospinal fluid culture, which yielded a motile enterococcus species, was believed to originate from the gut. This isolate was lost in storage and could not be characterized further. The patient improved with vancomycin and high-dose ampicillin therapy. He relapsed a month later with enterococcus gallinarum shunt infection, which responded to high-dose ampicillin and gentamicin therapy. This is probably the first case report of motile enterococcus infection of the central nervous system.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/47. lassa fever encephalopathy: lassa virus in cerebrospinal fluid but not in serum.The pathogenesis of neurologic complications of lassa fever is poorly understood. A Nigerian patient had fever, disorientation, seizures, and blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and lassa virus was found in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) but not in serum. The concentration of lassa virus rna in CSF corresponded to 1 x 10(3) pfu/mL, as determined by a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. To characterize the lassa virus in CSF, the 3.5-kb S rna was sequenced. In the S rna coding sequences, the CSF strain differed between 20% and 24.6% from all known prototype strains. These data suggest that lassa virus or specific lassa virus strains can persist in the central nervous system and thus contribute to neuropathogenesis. lassa virus infection should be considered in West African patients or in travelers returning from this area who present only with fever and neurologic signs.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/47. Bilateral subdural effusions related to disease activity in familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in an 8-month-old infant.An 8-month-old girl had classic features of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). A presumptive diagnosis of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis was made on the basis of her age and the presence of parental consanguinity. In view of abnormal neurologic findings at presentation, a magnetic resonance imaging scan was performed and showed bilateral proteinaceous subdural effusions. These resolved within 1 week of commencement of chemotherapy for the primary condition. These subdural effusions were the only objective documentations of central nervous system involvement, along with an increased cerebrospinal fluid protein level. We also report other radiologic findings of HLH, which are of use in strengthening this diagnosis in individuals in whom the diagnosis is strongly suspected.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/47. Metal fume fever: a case report and literature review.Metal fume fever is a relatively uncommon presentation to the emergency department. Resulting from inhalation of metal oxides, it presents as an acute, self-limiting, flu-like symptom complex often misdiagnosed as a viral illness. We report a case of a 26-year-old male presenting with metal fume fever 4 h after oxycutting galvanized steel. The literature is reviewed with respect to pathogenesis, the common presenting symptom complex, investigations and current accepted management of metal fume fever.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6.0160036743977keywords = metal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/47. Brucellar spondylitis and meningoencephalitis: a case report.brucellosis, a zoonosis with a worldwide distribution, is a systemic infection that can present with involvement of both nervous and musculoskeletal systems. We report a case of spondylitis and meningoencephalitis and describe the clinical features, and difficulties in treatment. Osteoarticular complications of brucellosis are common but involvement of the nervous system is rare and it should be included in the differential diagnosis of any obscure neurologic disorder.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/47. Metal fume fever: a case report and review of the literature.Metal fume fever is an acutely noxious inhalation syndrome secondary to metal oxide fumes. Despite preventative strategies sporadic cases are likely to continue to present to emergency departments.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.0053345581326keywords = metal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
| | Next -> |