1/256. Bone tumors in the pelvis presenting growth during pregnancy.Among 56 cases of a giant cell tumor of bone (GCT) and 52 cases of chondrosarcoma (CSA) in our series, four patients were discovered to have a tumor in the pelvic bone that grew in size during pregnancy. These four rare cases are described here. They include three cases of a GCT in the sacrum and one case of a CSA in the innominate bone. The dextran-coated charcoal assay and immunohistochemical techniques demonstrated the independence of these tumors from hormonal regulation despite the growth stimulated during pregnancy. It was concluded that the delay in detection of these tumors in the pelvis was just related to the opportunity afforded for unexpected growth during pregnancy. Surgical management was difficult due to the delay in tumor detection. The initial complaints such as pain, discomfort, or numbness around the pelvis were misinterpreted as symptoms of pregnancy. It should be kept in mind that during pregnancy, any pain or numbness in the pelvic region could be the direct result of a tumor in the pelvic bone.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bone (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/256. Destruction of the glenoid joint fossa by a tenosynovial giant-cell tumour of the skull base: a case report.A 63-year-old man is presented in whom a tenosynovial giant-cell tumour had destroyed the temporomandibular joint fossa and expanded intracranially. The lesion was not diagnosed for a period of at least two years. Treatment included wide resection including the surrounding bone, dura and condyle.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = bone (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/256. Haemangioma of bone with radiographic appearances simulating a giant cell tumour.A case is described of haemangioma of the proximal end of the humerus which simulated a giant cell tumour on radiography. An attempt at biopsy, carried out elsewhere, had failed because of severe haemorrhage from the tumour during operation. It was treated by en bloc resection and endoprosthesis with a good result after one year.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bone (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/256. Antiangiogenic therapy of a recurrent giant cell tumor of the mandible with interferon alfa-2a.We report a 5-year-old girl with a large rapidly growing giant cell tumor of the mandible that recurred 2 months after the first surgical excision and 3 months after a second resection. An angiogenic protein, (bFGF), was abnormally elevated in her urine. The patient was treated with interferon alfa-2a for 1 year because this agent inhibits angiogenesis by suppressing bFGF overexpression in infantile hemangiomas and in other human tumors. During this time the bone tumor regressed and disappeared, the urinary bFGF fell to normal levels, and the mandible regenerated. She has remained tumor-free and has been off therapy for 3 years at this writing. This first successful use of interferon alfa-2a to treat a mandibular tumor in a child demonstrates: 1) low grade tumors that overexpress bFGF may respond to interferon alfa-2a, in a manner similar to life-threatening infantile hemangiomas; 2) antiangiogenic therapy, given without interruption for 1 year, was safe and effective in this patient; and 3) treatment may be continued for 1 year without the development of drug resistance.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = bone (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/256. Giant cell tumor of the larynx.giant cell tumors are benign tumors generally found in the long bones. Very rarely, they can occur in the larynx and may present with dysphonia, dysphagia, or dyspnea. A case of giant cell tumor of the larynx was recently identified and successfully treated by a partial laryngectomy. A literature review has revealed 18 case reports of giant cell tumor of the larynx. All cases occurred in men. These 19 cases are reviewed, and follow-up data presented where available. There have been no reports of recurrence regardless of treatment, and an excellent prognosis can be expected when one encounters this unusual laryngeal neoplasm.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = bone (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/256. A lung metastasis from giant cell tumor of bone at eight years after primary resection.We report a case of extensive pulmonary metastasis from a histologically benign giant cell tumor. A 34-year-old woman had undergone tumor resection, curettage and artificial bone grafting for giant cell tumor in the left tibia. At eight years after surgery, a chest radiograph revealed an extensive tumor shadow in the right thoracic cavity. Tumor resection with right upper and middle bilobectomy was performed. Its histological features were consistent with those of the primary tumor of the tibia. Distant metastases from a giant cell tumor of bone are rare, with only 50 reported cases. Metastasis has occurred mainly within 3 years after the primary resection. However, in 20% of reported cases, metastasis occurred after 5 years or longer. Long-term follow-up and careful observation for distant metastasis are necessary for this histologically benign disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.5keywords = bone (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/256. Primary malignancy, secondary malignancy and semimalignancy of bone tumors.1. Bone tumors in contrast to tumors in soft tissue, show a wide variety of clinical behavior qualified by the expressions semimalignancy, low grade of malignancy, sarcomatous degeneration and primarily benign bone tumors and bone lesions. 2. The term semimalignancy is characterized by local invasive and destructive tumor growth with a tendency to recur locally but no hematogeneous spreading. Semimalignancy requires wide en-bloc resection of amputation. 3. The term low grade malignancy is used to describe a tumor of very slow growth and with very late metastasis. Low-grade malignancy requires resection with careful preservation of functional structures. 4. The term secondary malignancy means the sarcomatous degeneration of a primarily benign lesion or bone tumor. This transformation is enhanced by irradiation and probably by acceleration of the normal turnover of bone tissue. In Paget's disease sarcomatous degeneration is to be expected in 2 percent of cases and in fibrous dysplasia in 0.5 percent of cases. 5. Sarcomatous degeneration of bone infarcts is rare, but an increase is to be expected due to an increased frequency of bone infarcts caused by long-term treatment with cortisone. 6. Primary bone tumors and recurrences show the same structure and cytology. In a minority of cases the recurrences are less differentiated; in a very few cases the recurrences are more highly differentiated and have a better prognosis than the initial lesion.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.75keywords = bone (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/256. Staging of bone neoplasms: an orthopedic oncologist's perspective.The process of staging bone tumors is complex. The goal of staging is to define the type of tumor and its extent. Like staging for other neoplasms, it stratifies patients into groups based on prognosis and established treatment protocols. Staging is a multidisciplinary effort involving orthopedic oncologists, musculoskeletal radiologists, and orthopedic pathologists. The diagnosis is often suggested on clinical examination and review of the radiographs. The biopsy usually confirms the clinical and radiographic impression. However, biopsy is difficult and leads to errors in diagnosis in nearly 20% of cases. These errors may make limb salvage impossible and adversely affect survival. For this reason, staging and especially the biopsy should be done in the institution where definitive treatment is planned.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.25keywords = bone (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/256. Giant cell tumour of hyoid bone: case report.Giant cell tumours of bones are uncommon and are usually found in the epiphyses of long bones. They are rare in flat bones (<10%). The tumour has to our knowledge never been described in the hyoid bone, although 18 cases have been reported in the cartilagenous laryngeal skeleton. We report a giant cell tumour of the hyoid bone in a 45-year-old man, which we excised along with the left half of the hyoid bone. It recurred locally one year later and was cured by excision and split course radiotherapy. The patient is disease-free after 30 months of follow-up.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.5keywords = bone (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/256. Primary giant cell tumor of soft tissues similar to bone giant cell tumor: A case report and literature review.In this report we describe a primary giant cell tumor (GCT) of soft tissues located in the left dorsal wrist of a 52-year-old man. Plain radiographs did not reveal any lesion in his carpal or hand bones. Although the tumor was clinically considered a ganglion initially, the microscopic features were identical to those found in classic GCT of bone. light microscopy showed a lesion composed of a homogeneously mixed proliferation of spindle and polygonal mononucleated stromal cells and evenly distributed multinucleated, osteoclast-like giant cells. Whereas most bone tumors have an extraosseous counterpart, only 13 cases of GCT in soft tissues had been published until 1998. Moreover, 64 new cases have been reported in three series. Nevertheless, most major reviews and textbooks do not consider this tumor as a specific entity and regard it as a low grade variant of malignant GCT of soft tissue. We describe the clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical features of this rare benign neoplasm emphasizing the differential diagnosis with its malignant soft tissue counterpart, an ominous tumor.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.75keywords = bone (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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