1/65. breast cancer and HIV: what do we know?The present acquired human immunodeficiency syndrome-defining neoplasms are Kaposi's sarcoma, non-Hodgkins lymphoma, and cervical cancer. However, other malignancies have recently been associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Is there also a link between breast cancer and HIV infection? breast cancer seems to be more aggressive in the setting of immunocompromise by HIV infection, as demonstrated by the clinical course of two patients recently treated at this institution and review of the available literature. As the acquired human immunodeficiency syndrome epidemic affects increasing numbers of women and survival improves, surgeons will be frequently called on to diagnose and treat breast cancer in the HIV patient.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/65. Human papillomavirus-associated penile squamous cell carcinoma in HIV-positive patients.Two cases of penile squamous cell carcinoma with distinctive clinicopathologic characteristics are presented. The tumors appeared in patients infected with HIV and were located in the glans of the penis. Histologically, the neoplasms were well-differentiated, infiltrating, squamous cell carcinomas. The entire spectrum from benign condyloma to infiltrative squamous cell carcinoma was present in the two patients. In both cases, human papillomavirus (HPV) could be demonstrated using polymerase chain reaction analysis. The reported cases suggest a synergic interaction of HPV and HIV in the carcinogenic process of some penile carcinomas.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/65. Multicystic autoimmune thyroiditis-like disease associated with HIV infection. A case report.BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and resulting acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) may involve virtually every organ system, including the endocrine glands. Thyroid dysfunction most commonly reflects advanced disease and generally resembles euthyroid sick syndrome. Rarely do opportunistic infections, hemorrhage, neoplasms and drugs account for alterations in thyroid tissue. Multiple lymphoepithelial cysts of parotid gland and thymus have been identified, but similar findings in thyroid gland have not been reported. CASE: A 41-year-old, HIV-seropositive woman, asymptomatic for seven years, developed a squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix with local-regional extension. At the same time, bilateral complex thyroid cysts and high titers of antimicrosomal antibodies (1/6,400) were detected. Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy of the thyroid showed a heterogeneous lymphocytic population with a reactive appearance and occasional groups of epithelial cells with an immature squamous pattern, along with cytologic features of autoimmune thyroiditis. Immunocytochemistry was positive for CD20, CD3 and CD5. Immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangement by polymerase chain reaction from cytologic material showed a polyclonal lymphoid population. External radiotherapy resulted in a significant reduction in the pelvic lesion. Four months after diagnosis, abdominal ultrasound displayed multiple hepatic metastasis, the patient's condition rapidly deteriorated, and she died about a month later. CONCLUSION: This case had unique features and probably represented an AIDS-related lesion and distinct entity.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.375375285634keywords = neoplasm, complex (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/65. True histiocytic lymphoma of the esophagus in an HIV-positive patient: an ultrastructural study.A 56-year-old white woman, seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus for 18 months without signs of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, presented with retrosternal pain and progressive dysphagia secondary to an exophytic esophageal mass. Biopsies of the tumor showed a malignant neoplasm composed of pleomorphic, noncohesive cells growing in a diffuse, sheet-like fashion. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells were nonreactive with epithelial, lymphoid, neural, and monocyte/macrophage markers. Despite the noncontributory immunohistochemical findings, ultrastructural study of the tumor cells revealed convincing histiocytic features. Individual cells possessed long, slender filopodial projections, prominent golgi apparatus, residual bodies, rare lysosomes, and prelysosomes. Immunoglobulin heavy chain and T-cell receptor gamma gene rearrangement studies detected no evidence of a clonal gene rearrangement. The patient responded poorly to chemotherapy and died 5 months after her initial symptom of dysphagia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/65. HIV counselling--a luxury or necessity?WHO and UNAIDS have consistently promoted HIV counselling as a routine part of HIV testing in developing countries. Nevertheless, in many countries counselling is not considered a crucial accompaniment of testing services, and patients are tested without access to counselling during and after testing. Thus, information on the need for and results of counselling is needed to convince policy-makers and service managers to give greater priority to the development of counselling services. This qualitative study describes informational, social and emotional needs and problems of newly diagnosed seropositive patients attending public health services in zimbabwe. Their basic factual information on HIV/AIDS was reasonable, but many patients equalled HIV to AIDS and conceptualized their infection as 'social and physical death'. This seriously impeded their capacity to use knowledge of their test results in a constructive way, and stimulated coping by denial and/or secrecy about their HIV status. These avoidant coping strategies discouraged clients from using condoms, seeking social support and taking measures to protect their vulnerable health. The complex and changing nature of clients' needs indicates that common short-cuts in counselling (e.g. giving brief information before and after the HIV test) are seriously flawed as a strategy to prepare clients for effective coping. Comprehensive pre- and post-test counselling are an essential preparation for coping effectively during and immediately after testing. Availability of supportive counselling beyond this first phase is essential to assist clients with needs and problems which will appear over time. Development of counselling interventions should be guided by research into their effectiveness and by national policy guidelines. Replacing fear-inducing HIV campaigns with interactive, constructive information about HIV prevention and care will increase the preparedness of the community as a whole for effective living with HIV.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.37537528563396keywords = complex (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/65. communication intervention and therapeutic issues in pediatric human immunodeficiency virus.This article provides an overview of treatment strategies that target communicative disorders exhibited by children exposed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The myriad of communicative disorders presented by these children is discussed in relationship to the complex needs of culturally diverse families. rehabilitation considerations, the impact of health status on treatment outcomes, and the need to work collaboratively with other health care professionals in meeting children's needs from a family-focused perspective are further discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.37537528563396keywords = complex (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/65. Disseminated cutaneous herpes simplex virus type-1 with interstitial pneumonia as a first presentation of AIDS.Recognition of cutaneous herpes simplex virus (HSV) in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) can be difficult because of its atypical prsentations. pneumonia in AIDS is complex with many possible etiologies. Identification of HSV preceded by atypical cutaneous manifestation and pneumonia is critical, given the poor prognosis when treatment is delayed or not prescribed. We report a 62-year-old patient with undiagnosed HIV infection who presented with disseminated cutaneous lesions resembling impetigo as his first presentation of AIDS. Subsequent confirmation that HSV was responsible led to appropriate treatment of this and the complicating HSV pneumonia. This report emphasizes the importance of the early recognition of atypical cutaneous HSV in patients with AIDS.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.37537528563396keywords = complex (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/65. role of the psychiatrist in the care of patients with hepatitis c and HIV/AIDS.hepatitis c and HIV/AIDS are among the most significant infectious diseases of our time. Psychiatric patients are often part of the higher risk population to contract these diseases, and patients who have contracted these diseases experience a wide variety of psychiatric problems associated with the underlying infection and with its treatment. The authors provide an overview of these infectious diseases and then describe the varying roles psychiatrists have in caring for these patients in the various settings of their work. The complexity of these patients presents a unique challenge to, and opportunity for, psychiatrists to integrate and coordinate their interventions with those of other medical providers and thereby enhance the patient's cooperation with all aspects of care.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.37537528563396keywords = complex (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/65. Acquired immunodeficiency without evidence of infection with human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2.There have been three published cases of acquired immunodeficiency in which no evidence for infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) types 1 and 2 was found. We have identified five other individuals, from the new york city area (four who have known risk factors for HIV infection), with profound CD4 depletion and clinical syndromes consistent with definitions of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or aids-related complex. None had evidence of hiv-1, 2 infection, as judged by multiple serologies over several years, standard viral co-cultures for HIV p24 Gag antigen, and proviral dna amplification by polymerase chain reaction.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.37537528563396keywords = complex (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/65. Acute monocytic leukaemia in a HIV-seropositive man.Individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been reported to develop a number of malignant neoplasms. We recently treated an HIV patient who had acute monocytic leukaemia which was first evident in the skin. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a case of acute monocytic leukaemia occurring in a HIV-infected person.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
| | Next -> |