1/4. Traumatic hallux valgus following rupture of the medial collateral ligament of the first metatarsophalangeal joint: a case report.Metatarsophalangealjoint injuries of the great toe are receiving increasing attention in athletes. Significant disability and long-term morbidity can result from these focal injuries. The entity known as turf-toe is widely recognized. rupture of the medial collateral ligament of the first metatarsophalangeal joint is less common. A case of traumatic rupture of the medial collateral ligament in the great toe of a soccer player, which progressed to hallux valgus deformity, is presented.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ligament (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/4. A new consideration in athletic injuries. The classical ballet dancer.The professional ballet dancer presents all of the problems of any vigorous athlete. The problems include osteochondral fractures, fatigue fractures, sprains, chronic ligamentous instability of the knee, meniscal tears, impingement syndrome, degenerative arthritis of multiple joints and low back pain. attention to minor problems with sound conservative therapy can avoid many major developments and lost hours. Observations included the extraordinary external rotation of at the hip without demonstrable alteration in the hip version angle and hypertrophy of the femur, tibia and particularly the second metatarsal (in female dancers). Careful evaluation of the range of motion of the extremities, serial roentgenographic examination, and systematic review of previous injuries, training programs and rehearsal techniques have been evaluated in a series of cases to provide the basis for advice to directors and teachers of the ballet.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = ligament (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/4. Turf toe: ligamentous injury of the first metatarsophalangeal joint.Injuries to the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint of the great toe have increased in incidence over the past thirty years following the introduction of artificial playing surfaces and the accompanying use of lighter footwear. Although most common in American football players, similar injuries can also occur in other sporting activities including soccer and dance, or following trauma to the great toe. The mechanism of injury is typically hyperextension of the MTP joint, but injuries have also been reported secondary to valgus or varus stress, or rarely as a result of hyperflexion injury. The abnormal forces applied to the first MTP joint at the time of injury, result in varying degrees of sprain or disruption of the supporting soft tissue structures, leading to the injury commonly referred to as turf toe. The extent of soft tissue disruption is influential in treatment planning and can be used to determine the prognosis for recovery. This report will review the anatomy of the first MTP join, followed by a discussion of the mechanism of injury and the typical clinical presentation of an individual with turf toe. Finally, the role of imaging including radiography and magnetic resonance imaging, and standard treatment options for turf toe will be discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.66666666666667keywords = ligament (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/4. hallux valgus and hallux flexus associated with cerebral palsy: analysis and treatment.hallux valgus and hallux flexus associated with cerebral palsy foot deformity may be due to equinovalgus and/or metatarsus primus adductus or combinations of these. Occasionally the condition occurs in equinovarus feet. Hallux flexus or "dorsal bunion" is usually due to a weak extensor hallucis longus, overpull of the anterior tibial muscle on the first metatarsal and spasticity or contracture of the flexor hallucis longus or brevis. A weak peroneus longus muscle has not caused this deformity. The condition is usually predictable in the growing child if all factors related to gait, collagen stability and foot alignment are observed. Treatment includes soft-tissue and bone realignment. Release of the adductor hallucis, lateral collateral ligaments of the metatarsophalangeal joint, plication of the medial capsule and of the abductor hallucis and centralization of the extensor hallucis longus will realign the first ray. The flexor hallucis longus is transferred to athe extensor hallucis longus proximal to the metatarsophalangeal joint and the anterior tibial tendon is transferred to the second metatarsal. An osteotomy at the base of the first metatarsal and at the base of the proximal phalanx will realign the skeleton. Twenty-six great toes in 16 patients have been observed for two to 20 years. The correction has been maintained without arthrodesis of the metatarsophalangeal joint except where chondromalacia occurred. Once the pattern of deformity is evident, progression is unrelenting and treatment is indicated in order to prevent chondromalacia of the articular cartilage.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = ligament (Clic here for more details about this article) |