1/68. A giant vascular hamartoma of the breast in a child.Vascular tumors of the breast are uncommon. Perilobular hemangiomas, the commonest histologic subtype of breast hemangiomas, constitute majority of microscopic, vascular mammary tumors. Macroscopic hemangiomas and vascular hamartomas of the breast are distinctly rare. We describe a giant, vascular hamartoma of the right breast in a five year old girl and discuss pertinent literature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = breast (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/68. Mammary hamartoma: immunohistochemical study of two adenolipomas and one variant with cartilage, smooth muscle and myoepithelial proliferation.Three cases of mammary hamartoma were investigated immunohistochemically and are described. Case 1 was a 42 year old woman with an elastic hard tumor, 1.5 cm in diameter, in her left breast. Case 2 was a 49 year old woman with a semisoft tumor, 5 x 2 cm, in her right breast. Case 3 was a 47 year old woman with a hard tumor, 5 cm in diameter, in her left breast. In each case, mammography and ultrasonography revealed a benign-looking, well-circumscribed mass without calcification. Histologically, the tumors were composed of adipose tissue, mammary glands, and fibrous and/or fibromuscular tissue. The tumor in case 3 also contained small islands of hyaline cartilage. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed, and epithelial and mesenchymal components were discretely and differentially immunostained except that the smooth muscle component seemed to be derived from myoepithelial cells. Cartilage formation might be the result of metaplasia, and 'metaplastic variant of the mammary hamartoma' or 'choristoma' may be an appropriate term for cartilage-containing mammary hamartoma. Using proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-immunostaining, we observed that each component of the tumors had an individual growth rate. This finding may reflect one aspect of the biological characteristics of hamartoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.375keywords = breast (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/68. Muscular hamartoma of the breast: a rare breast lesion containing smooth muscle.hamartoma of the breast is an uncommon entity, usually presenting as a well-demarcated breast mass. Microscopically, the lesion is composed of mammary glandular component, fibrous stroma, adipose tissue, and smooth muscle in variable proportions. Among the variants of breast hamartoma, muscular hamartoma is rare. This lesion should be differentiated from other breast tumors that contain smooth muscle element. We report a breast lesion of a 36-year-old woman diagnosed as a muscular hamartoma in which the muscular component is cellular and some mitotic figures are present. The criteria to distinguish between benign and malignant smooth muscle lesions in the breast, emphasizing mitotic count, are also discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.75keywords = breast (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/68. Giant hamartoma of the breast.hamartoma of the breast is a rare clinico-pathologic entity. Its clinical diagnosis can be extremely difficult; however, diagnosis is not difficult when it is made on the basis of a combination of radiologic and pathologic features. Its differential diagnosis includes a circumscribed fibrocystic mass, fibroadenoma, lipoma, cystosarcoma phylloides, and various carcinomas. A high index of suspicion is mandatory. In this study, we report a case of giant hamartoma of the breast in a young postlactational female patient, including treatment of the tumor by excisional biopsy and correction of the resulting breast deformity by mastopexy. Clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.875keywords = breast (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/68. Giant mammary hamartoma diagnosed by stereomicroscopic analysis of the mammary glandular tree in an adolescent girl: report of a case.This report describes a rare case of a giant hamartoma that developed in the right breast of a 17-year-old girl. No abnormalities were found by endocrinological studies and a well-circumscribed tumor, approximately 20 cm in diameter, was easily enucleated without bleeding during surgery, following which the bilateral breasts became nearly symmetrical. Histologic features revealed predominant fibrous stroma and scattered normal or occasionally dysplastic mammary glands without neoplastic properties. No distorted lobular structures indicating fibroadenoma characteristics were observed. Subgross and stereomicroscopic analysis of serial 2-mm-thick sections revealed mature normal lobules and predominant fibrous interstitial components. Therefore, the tumor was diagnosed as a giant hamartoma of the breast, according to the histologically non-neoplastic features and the delimited macroscopic appearance. This is a rare mammary gland disease characterized by the fact that although each of the histological components seemed to be normal, their constitution was abnormal. It appears that not only histological features but also clinical details are indispensable for the diagnosis of this disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.375keywords = breast (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/68. A case of muscular hamartoma of the breast.We describe a 74-year-old female presenting with a right breast mass. She had found the mass on self-examination. physical examination revealed a 2.2 x 2.5 cm, firm, smooth, and mobile lump in the upper medial portion of the right breast. mammography revealed a well marginated, oval-shaped, and isodense nodule. Calcification was not evident. On ultrasonography, the lesion was 17 x 18 x 9 mm and located 5 mm below the overlying skin. Excisional biopsy under local anesthesia was performed. The tumor was easily excised. Histopathologically, the lesion was composed of intersecting bundles of spindle-shaped smooth muscle cells, and involved peripheral ducts and fat tissue. Immunohistochemical staining showed positivity for alpha-smooth muscle actin (SMA), but was negative for S-100 protein, myoglobin, keratin, and vimentin. From these findings a muscular hamartoma of the breast, a rare subtype of hamartoma, was diagnosed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.875keywords = breast (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/68. hamartoma of the breast in a man: first case report.Mammary hamartomas were reported in 0.7% of all benign tumors of the female breast. Histologically breast hamartomas contain lobular breast tissue with various degrees of fibrous, fibrocystic, and adipose tissue. Rare types include muscular (myoid) and cartilage (chondroid) hamartomas. We report a case of muscular hamartoma in a man. A 36-year-old man was admitted to the psychiatric unit with the diagnosis of schizophrenia. The patient complained of a slowly growing mass in his left breast. He denied any discharge from the nipple, but he complained of itching. A 2 cm x 3 cm nontender mass was palpable. There was no evidence of axillary lymphadenopathy. A needle aspiration was nondiagnostic. The excisional biopsy specimen revealed fatty tissue which was edematous and hemorrhagic. Microscopically it showed multiple bundles of muscles organized randomly. Myoid hamartoma was the diagnosis. Mammary hamartoma is considered a female tumor exclusively. Myoid hamartoma has been reported previously in 25 women. We report a myoid hamartoma in a man and, to our knowledge, it is the first and only such case to be reported.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = breast (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/68. Reduction mammaplasty in the surgical management of a giant breast hamartoma: case report.INTRODUCTION: Hamartomas of the breast can achieve unusually large proportions, causing gross distortion of the breast. Conclusive preoperative diagnosis can be difficult. We present such a case and describe the application of reduction mammaplasty techniques in the removal of such a tumour. CLINICAL PICTURE: A 39-year-old woman presented with gross enlargement of the right breast, which had developed over the course of many years. Clinically, there was no discrete mass within the breast and no palpable lymphadenopathy. TREATMENT: She underwent unilateral reduction mammaplasty. Intraoperative findings were that of a giant hamartoma. The tumour was removed and the breast reconstructed using an inferior pedicled reduction mammaplasty. OUTCOME: The resultant right breast was of a good match to the contralateral normal breast, both in size and shape. CONCLUSION: Reduction mammaplasty is a useful technique for the surgical management of giant breast hamartomas, as it not only addresses the issue of tumour removal but also the aesthetic reconstruction of the breast.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.625keywords = breast (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/68. Microinvasive lobular carcinoma associated with intraductal spread arising in a mammary hamartoma.A 53 year old woman presented with a lump in the inner lower quadrant of the left breast. Histological examination of the breast tumour confirmed that the lesion was a mammary hamartoma. Carcinoma with foci of microinvasion was observed in the lobules of the hamartoma concomitant with the intraductal spread of lobular carcinoma. Immunohistochemically, the cancer cells were negative for beta-catenin, which generally stained normal breast ducts and ductal carcinomas. This is only the sixth case of breast carcinoma arising in a mammary hamartoma to be reported and, moreover, the fourth case of lobular carcinoma occurring within a hamartoma. Despite the apparent rarity of this case, pathologists should be aware of the possibility of carcinomas arising within mammary hamartomas.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = breast (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/68. Ductal carcinoma in situ arising in mammary hamartoma.hamartoma of the breast is an uncommon lesion. Although it can possess characteristic radiological features, the pathological appearance is not distinctive. hamartoma is generally considered benign, but four cases have been reported with ductal and lobular carcinoma arising in hamartomas. This report describes further cases of hamartoma from which ductal carcinoma in situ arose, with one showing early invasion. In both cases, the tumours were within the hamartomas and were adequately excised during lumpectomies of the hamartomas, and the patients were well afterwards. This report emphasises the importance of adequate sampling of mammary hamartoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.125keywords = breast (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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