1/3. Bullous phytophotodermatitis associated with high natural concentrations of furanocoumarins in limes.BACKGROUND: Phytophotodermatitis is a phototoxic reaction, occurring in skin exposed to sunlight after contact with plants containing furanocoumarins. Typical reactions are mild, showing erythema with post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. A 6-year-old boy presented with marked, symmetric, painful erythema and edema of both hands that rapidly developed into dramatic bullae covering the entire dorsum of the hands. The history revealed that the hands had been bathed in lime juice for a prolonged period in the preparation of limeade. OBJECTIVE: This report documents an unusual bullous presentation of phytophotodermatitis resulting from contact with furanocoumarins in local limes. This study was conducted to identify and measure the inciting substances from the rind and pulp of the limes. methods: Psoralen, xanthotoxin, bergapten, and isopimpinellin content were measured by gas chromatography and high-pressure liquid chromatography RESULTS: The rind contained 6- to 182-fold concentrations of all furanocoumarins measured when compared with pulp. Bergapten was the most abundant substance in the rind. CONCLUSION: Hydration of the skin during the preparation of limeade combined with increased levels of bergapten in local limes to produce a dramatic bullous reaction. We encourage clinicians to consider the possibility of phytophotodermatitis in severe bullous skin reactions.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = lime (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/3. Allergic contact dermatitis resulting from sensitivity to citrus peel, geraniol, and citral.A bartender with hand dermatitis had allergic contact sensitivity to the skin of lemon, lime, and orange but not to their juices. Although most reported cases of citrus peel allergy are due to d-limonene, for our patient, reactions to patch tests for geraniol and citral, two minor components of citrus peel oil, were positive, whereas those for d-limonene were negative. Contact allergy to citrus peel oil should be considered in patients with hand dermatitis who are occupationally exposed to citrus fruits.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.1keywords = lime (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/3. Phytophotodermatitis: a visit to Margaritaville.Phytophotodermatitis is a phototoxic eruption following contact with photosensitizing compounds and long-wave ultraviolet light. The most common phototoxic compounds are the furocoumarins contained in a wide variety of plants, especially of the Umbelliferae, rutaceae, and Moracea families. Commonly occurring photosensitizing plants include citrus fruits such as limes and oranges and many vegetables, notably celery, parsnip, parsley, carrots, and dill.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.1keywords = lime (Clic here for more details about this article) |