1/24. Confabulation and delusional misidentification: a four year follow-up study.We describe a patient, AZ, who showed, in addition to an amnesic syndrome which eventually improved, longstanding confabulation and delusional misidentification following bilateral frontal and right temporal post-traumatic lesions. Confabulation appeared in personal recollections and on long-term verbal memory testing. Misidentification concerned mainly his wife and house. During the four year follow-up AZ's confabulation progressively shrinked so as to become restricted to verbal memory tasks. By contrast, misidentification persisted. General semantic memory was unimpaired throughout, while performance on frontal tests was initially poor and partly improved in time. We argue that confabulation and misidentification, though often intermingled and occurring after similar lesion pattern, should be considered as different neuropsychological entities.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = post-traumatic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/24. Spontaneous resolution of bilateral traumatic carotid cavernous fistulas and development of trans-sellar intercarotid vascular communication: case report.BACKGROUND: Bilateral carotid cavernous fistulas may complicate head injury. Spontaneous resolution of post-traumatic direct carotid cavernous fistula is rare. CASE DESCRIPTION We present a case of a 42-year-old female who developed post-traumatic high flow bilateral carotid cavernous fistulas with cortical and deep venous drainage, who had a spontaneous resolution with thrombosis of the cavernous sinus outlets bilaterally and development of a trans-sellar intercarotid vascular communication. To our knowledge this is the first reported case in the literature describing such a phenomenon. CONCLUSION Bilateral direct carotid cavernous fistulas may undergo spontaneous resolution and form a benign trans-sellar intercarotid vascular communication.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = post-traumatic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/24. Delayed post-traumatic visual loss: a clinical dilemma.A 16-year-old female presented with unilateral blindness in her right eye 2 months after blunt head trauma. optic nerve edema was demonstrated by funduscopic examination, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging and failed to respond to medical treatment. Delayed post-traumatic blindness may be a severe complication of head trauma. The late appearance leads to delayed diagnosis and resulting unresponsiveness to treatment. patients who experience head trauma that could involve the optic nerves should undergo ultrasonography of the optic nerves. An abnormal finding should be followed by an intensive evaluation to determine possible damage.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = post-traumatic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/24. Retropharyngeal haematoma causing airway obstruction: a multidisciplinary challenge.A case of post-traumatic retropharyngeal haematoma causing airway obstruction in an elderly man on anticoagulant therapy is described. The importance of managing the airway, cervical spine and haemostatic problem with the help of a multidisciplinary team is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = post-traumatic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/24. Post-traumatic olfactory dysfunction.OBJECTIVES: This study demonstrates histopathologic and immunocytochemical changes in the olfactory bulb of a patient with post-traumatic olfactory dysfunction. These results are analyzed in light of current understanding of the pathophysiology of anosmia and dysosmia following head trauma. Emphasis is placed on potential mechanisms of human regeneration and recovery. STUDY DESIGN: The current study documents the history of a patient with the initial complaint of complete anosmia following minor head trauma. Two months after the injury the patient developed persistent, severe dysosmia with debilitating weight loss. Neurosurgical treatment, including removal of the olfactory bulbs and tracts, resulted in permanent resolution of dysosmia. methods: Histopathologic and immunocytochemical analysis of the olfactory bulbs was undertaken and compared with age-matched control tissue. RESULTS: Pathological analysis of the olfactory bulb revealed a marked reduction in the number of nerve processes with few intact olfactory glomeruli compared with an age-matched control. Specific immunohistochemical staining for the olfactory neuron-specific protein OMP, however, demonstrated the presence of intact axonal projections between the olfactory mucosa and the bulb. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the hypothesis that post-traumatic anosmia involves, at least in part, damage to peripheral olfactory nerve fibers with histological changes in the olfactory bulb. Potential mechanisms for the development of post-traumatic dysosmia are also discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = post-traumatic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/24. Proximal M2 false aneurysm after head trauma--Case report.A 72-year-old male presented with a post-traumatic false aneurysm of the right proximal M2 artery with massive subarachnoid hemorrhage after closed head injury. Serial computed tomography (CT) and angiography showed the development of the aneurysm which was verified at autopsy. He was admitted in a drowsy state just after a motorcycle accident. Initial brain CT showed subarachnoid hemorrhage without skull fracture. Follow-up brain CT showed a huge hematoma in the right temporal lobe. He died 47 hours after the accident. Histological examination of the aneurysm showed a false aneurysm. delayed diagnosis of traumatic aneurysms leads to high mortality, so early surgical treatment is essential to save such patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = post-traumatic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/24. Localization of post-traumatic trochlear nerve palsy associated with hemorrhage at the subarachnoid space by magnetic resonance imaging.PURPOSE: To report evaluation of traumatic trochlear nerve palsy using head magnetic resonance imaging. DESIGN: Observational case reports. methods: We examined two cases involving trochlear nerve palsy after closed head injury. RESULTS: Using a fluid attenuated inversion recovery pulse sequence, MRI showed a high-intensity lesion consistent with subarachnoid hemorrhage at the trochlear nerve area in the ambient cisterns. CONCLUSION: An impact force directed toward the tentorium can be a mechanism of injury in some post-traumatic trochlear nerve palsies. Fluid attenuated inversion recovery pulse sequence is a sensitive method for detection of abnormalities in cases associated with head injury.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = post-traumatic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/24. An unusual post-traumatic occipitocervical pseudomeningocele: case report.BACKGROUND: A rare case of massive post-traumatic subcutaneous pseudomeningocele probably communicating with the cisterna magna, is reported. CASE DESCRIPTION: An 8-year-old boy sustained a severe injury to the nape of the neck, after which he developed a huge local subcutaneous swelling containing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). communication of the subcutaneous CSF collection with the cisterna magna or any other site of dural fistula could not be identified. After a lumbo-peritoneal CSF shunt, the swelling resolved completely. CONCLUSION: The clinical features of a rare case of symptomatic post-traumatic cerebrospinal fluid pseudomeningocele are elaborated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = post-traumatic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/24. Isolated unilateral post-traumatic internuclear ophthalmoplegia.A patient developed an isolated unilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) after head trauma. An uncommon complication of closed head trauma, INO usually occurs bilaterally and is often associated with other neurologic deficits. The mechanism may be shear injury caused by angular acceleration leading to downward displacement of the posterior brainstem downward, stretching of the nerve fibers of the medial longitudinal fasciculus, or compression and tearing of its arterial supply.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = post-traumatic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/24. Growing-fracture of the orbital roof with post-traumatic encephalocele in an adult patient. Case report.Growing fractures are a rare entity, usually occurring in paediatric age. Localisation at the orbital region is even rarer. We report the case of a growing fracture of the orbital roof with post-traumatic encephalocele in an adult patient, the 1(st) similar case in adulthood at our knowledge. Clinical and neuroimaging aspects are described, underlining the role of MRI in displaying intraorbital encephalocele. Surgical treatment with relevant technical notes is discussed as well.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = post-traumatic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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