1/167. Right-to-left interatrial shunt in ARDS: dramatic improvement in prone position.The mechanisms leading to shunting through a patent foramen ovale include high right-sided cardiac pressures and respiratory factors due to mechanical ventilation and also anatomical changes in the right atrium as described in the platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome. We report a patient with the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) who had a right-to-left atrial shunt which decreased in the prone position, after which oxygenation improved. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit because of ARDS due to an invasive fungal infection. He had a history of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and paradoxical embolisms through a patent foramen ovale. Despite mechanical ventilation and antifungal treatment he developed severe ARDS. He was therefore turned to the prone position. blood gas values improved dramatically (arterial oxygen tension/fractional inspired oxygen ratio increasing from 59 to 278 torr). Transcranial Doppler sonography was performed with bubble study, which confirmed a massive right-to-left shunt in the supine position and which instantaneously decreased in the prone position. This case suggests that a decrease in right-to-left shunt in patients who have a patent foramen ovale could partly explain the improvement in hypoxemia in the prone position.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = embolism (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/167. Fatal pulmonary embolism after atrial septal defect closure in a paediatric patient.A four-year-old girl died of massive acute bilateral pulmonary embolism 11 days after direct closure of a secundum atrial septal defect (ASD II), despite postoperative anticoagulation until the patient was ambulatory. An autopsy showed thrombotic deposits on the suture line of the ASD closure, bilateral 90% occlusion of the pulmonary arteries, and haemorrhagic ulcerative ischaemic colitis of the descending colon and the sigmoid.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 17.131363387722keywords = pulmonary embolism, embolism (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/167. Patent foramen ovale as a potential cause of paradoxical embolism in the postpartum period.We report a case of previously healthy woman who suffered cerebral embolism after delivery. echocardiography with contrast medium confirmed the patent foramen ovale (PFO). PFO may be a mechanism of paradoxical embolism causing a transient ischemic attack or stroke.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = embolism (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/167. Patent foramen ovale and implantable cardioverter defibrillator.A case of patent foramen ovale opening was observed concomitantly to a defibrillation threshold determination in the setting of an internal cardioverter defibrillator implantation. The subsequent transient right-to-left shunt was confirmed by a peroperative transoesophageal echocontrast study. The underlying mechanism of this incident may be related to a transient reversal of the interatrial gradient, due to the pre-existence of pulmonary hypertension and tricuspid regurgitation, associated with ongoing mechanical ventilation and modifications of intracardiac pressures regimen secondary to the succeeding ventricular tachyarrhythmia and defibrillation. Paradoxical embolism can be an aetiology for neurologic injury during internal cardioverter defibrillator implantation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = embolism (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/167. Case report of a patient with an intimal sarcoma of the pulmonary trunk presenting as a pulmonary embolism.A fatal case of an 89-year-old woman with an intimal sarcoma obstructing the pulmonary trunk and an open foramen ovale is presented. Clinical symptoms, physical examination and further evaluation originally raised suspicion of a pulmonary embolism. Recent classification systems, specific radiological and pathological characteristics of sarcomas of the pulmonary trunk are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 17.131363387722keywords = pulmonary embolism, embolism (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/167. Bilateral renal infarction secondary to paradoxical embolism.Paradoxical embolism is an uncommon but increasingly reported cause of arterial embolic events. Involvement of the kidney is rarely reported. autopsy studies suggest, however, that embolic renal infarction is underdiagnosed antemortem. We report a case of bilateral, main renal artery occlusion and acute renal failure secondary to paradoxical embolism. Clinical and laboratory data at presentation were not suggestive of renal infarction. Support for the diagnosis of paradoxical embolism, which most commonly occurs across a patent foramen ovale, was made by contrast echocardiography, which provides a sensitive method for detecting right-to-left intracardiac shunts. The often subtle presentation of renal infarction suggests patients with peripheral or central arterial embolic events should be carefully observed for occult renal involvement. Contrast echocardiography should be performed when renal infarction occurs without a clear embolic source to evaluate for paradoxical embolism.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 8keywords = embolism (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/167. Paradoxical emboli: demonstration using helical computed tomography of the pulmonary artery associated with abdominal computed tomography.We report the case of a 60-year-old woman with a recent history of a cerebrovascular accident. Because of clinical suspicion of pulmonary embolism and negative Doppler ultrasound findings of the lower limbs, spiral computed tomography of the pulmonary artery was performed and demonstrated pulmonary emboli. We emphasize the role of computed tomography of the abdomen, performed 3 min after the thoracic acquisition, which showed an unsuspected thrombus within the abdominal aorta and the left renal artery with infarction of the left kidney. Paradoxical embolism was highly suspected on computed tomography data and confirmed by echocardiography which demonstrated a patent foramen ovale.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4.4262726775444keywords = pulmonary embolism, embolism (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/167. Atrial septal defect with interatrial aneurysm and Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome.PURPOSE: The aim of this presentation is to report a rare association between interatrial aneurysm and Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome. methods: We present a 20-year-old girl with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome, in whom the diagnosis was confirmed by the facial dysmorphic appearance, slit-lamp examination, applanation tonometer, gonioscopy, and cardiovascular examination. RESULTS: The patient had prominent Schwalbe's line in all quadrants, iris atrophy, and secondary glaucoma in both eyes. The echocardiogram revealed an atrial septal defect with interatrial aneurysm. CONCLUSION: This is the first case report of coexisting Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome and interatrial aneurysm. We would like to stress that aneurysm can be a potential occult source of cerebral embolism.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = embolism (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/167. Massive thromboembolism due to transcatheter ASD closure with ASDOS device.Transcatheter occlusion of atrial septal defects (ASD) is currently being investigated as an attractive alternative to surgical correction. Thromboembolic events are rare in both techniques. However, we report a case of massive systemic embolization and residual left atrial thrombus after secundum ASD transcatheter closure by the ASDOS device (Atrial Septal Defect Occlusion System, Dr. Ing Osypka Corporation, germany). The patient was successfully treated by femoral embolectomies, surgical removal of the device and closure of the ASD without a patch. No thrombophilia was found on subsequent exploration. Transcatheter ASD closure with the ASDOS device may therefore expose the patient to severe embolic complications. Further evaluation is needed before this technique can be safely recommended.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 8.0439593735844keywords = thromboembolism, embolism (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/167. Successful treatment of massive arterial air embolism during open heart surgery.We report a case of a 5-year-old girl who suffered a massive arterial air embolism during surgical closure of an atrial septal defect. The risk of permanent neurologic deficits or even fatal outcome is significant (mortality rate, 31%). We successfully treated a proven arterial air embolism with intraoperative (retrograde cerebral perfusion) combined with postoperative procedures (deep barbiturate anesthesia and hyperbaric oxygenation). At discharge the girl had fully recovered from the initial neurologic defects.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = embolism (Clic here for more details about this article) |
| | Next -> |