1/2. danazol treatment for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.danazol was administered to two patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) with a dramatic effect on the hematological findings. The patients, 31- and 41-year-old females, were initially diagnosed as having aplastic anemia, and were initially treated with anabolic steroid and immunosuppressive therapy, respectively. Sugar water and Ham tests turned positive at the start of danazol therapy in the former patient and after two months in the latter patient. This drug produced a dramatic improvement in the hemoglobin level and the platelet count and showed few side effects in the patients. A possible mechanism of action of danazol for PNH is briefly discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = water (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/2. hemolysis associated with water administration using a nipple bottle for human infants in juvenile pygmy goats.A 4-month-old, 6.8-kg, castrated male pygmy goat was examined for recurrent episodic fever and red urine of 7 days' duration. A second, 3-month-old, 7-kg, intact female pygmy goat was presented for similar clinical signs. The red discoloration of the urine in each case was determined to be due to hemolysis with subsequent hemoglobinuria. In both cases, hemolysis and hemoglobinuria were closely associated with the goats consuming large volumes of water from a human infant's nipple bottle. A diagnosis of water intoxication-induced hemolysis and hemoglobinuria was made. Episodes of hemoglobinuria in the first case were consistently associated with dilute (specific gravity < 1.010) urine. water intoxication has been associated with bottle-feeding in human infants and is also widely reported in human psychiatric patients. The small erythrocytes in goats appear to be the most sensitive of the domestic species to hypotonicity-induced hemolysis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = water (Clic here for more details about this article) |