1/43. Pure yolk sac tumors in genital and extragenital sites: study on three pedriatic cases, with cytological findings on two.Cytopathological findings on three pedriatic gonadic-extragonadic pure yolk sac tumor are reported: the highly variable histological patterns (reticular, solid, festooning or pseudopapillary, polyvesicular vitelline), reflecting differentiation towards extraembryonic yolk sac structures, are not appreciated in cytologic samples. Since the tumor's cytologic spectrum is very broad, the most diagnostic differential difficulty with yolk sac tumor is adenocarcinoma. The presence of intracellular and extracellular hyaline globules, that are periodic acid-Schiff stain (PAS) positive and diastase resistant and correspond to alpha-fetoprotein production, alpha-fetoprotein positivity of the neoplastic cells; showing nuclear pleomorphism and vacuolated "bubbly" cytoplasm are the most consistent cytologic hallmarks of this neoplasm, which diagnosis would be confirmed by histologic, immunocytochemical and clinical findings.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = carcinoma, adenocarcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/43. Paired colloid cysts of the third and lateral ventricles.We report the case of a man of aged 27 years who presented with obstructive hydrocephalus caused by a colloid cyst of the third ventricle. He was found to have an additional and larger colloid cyst lying adjacent to it, but within the lateral ventricle. The contents of the two cysts were of different consistency. We have been able to find only one previous report of more than one colloid cyst occurring in the same patient and none where one of the cysts lay within the lateral ventricle.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1590.036311302keywords = colloid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/43. adrenocortical carcinoma with cerebral metastasis in a child: case report and review of the literature.OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is rare in the pediatric population, and brain metastasis seldom occurs. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: The authors report a case of metastatic ACC to the brain in a 9-year-old patient who had an adrenal cortex neoplasm removed at 4 years of age, and was free of symptoms for 5 years. Two weeks before admission she complained of blurred vision in both eyes. INTERVENTION: Examination revealed bilateral papilledema, and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed a mass in the left lateral ventricle with extensive vasogenic edema and hydrocephalus. The tumor was removed, and histopathologic examination demonstrated metastatic ACC. CONCLUSION: Although ACC is a rare neoplasm it must be considered in the differential diagnosis of cerebral lesions in patients with a history of this tumor. Periodic long-term brain imaging is suggested as part of the follow up in patients with adrenocortical neoplasms.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.3064259836013keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/43. Malignant eccrine poroma with spinal and cerebrospinal fluid metastases: case report.OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: A rare case of metastasizing malignant eccrine poroma (porocarcinoma) is described. This case is unique because metastasis resulted in hydrocephalus in the cerebrospinal fluid and spinal cord compression in the lumbar spine. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 57-year-old man presented with acute confusion, lower limb weakness, and urinary concerns. Investigation revealed acute hydrocephalus and extradural cord compression of the lumbar spine. INTERVENTION: The acute hydrocephalous was treated with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. The spinal cord and conus were decompressed by laminectomy and supplemented with pedicular screw fixation. CONCLUSION: The case reported here is the first with metastases from a malignant eccrine poroma causing spinal cord compression and acute hydrocephalus. Our observation is compared with a review of the literature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.66128519672027keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/43. Pineal region metastasis appearing as hypointensity on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging--case report.A 48-year-old female presented with headache and limitation of upward gaze. She had a history of total gastrectomy for gastric adenocarcinoma 2 years previously. Computed tomography with contrast medium and T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with gadolinium showed ring-like enhancement of a solitary mass in the pineal region with obstructive hydrocephalus. T2-weighted MR imaging showed the tumor as hypointense. This MR imaging finding complicated the preoperative diagnosis, but malignancy was suspected from the medical history. The tumor was subtotally resected via the occipital transtentorial approach with a rigid endoscope. Histological examination of the surgical specimen revealed adenocarcinoma cells with extensive coagulation necrosis, which might have contributed to the hypointensity on T2-weighted MR imaging. Correct diagnosis of metastatic adenocarcinoma based only on MR imaging may be difficult in such cases, but metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pineal region must be considered in the differential diagnosis of pineal tumors.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = carcinoma, adenocarcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/43. Pathogenesis and diagnostic pitfalls of ventricular diverticula: case report and review of the literature.OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Ventricular diverticula are local herniations of the ventricular system occurring in association with severe, long-standing hydrocephalus. Variability in the extent and location of these ventricular pouches may produce misleading radiological conformations and raise diagnostic challenges. In this report, we discuss the pathogenesis and differential diagnosis of ventricular diverticula on the basis of a case illustration. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 38-year-old woman presenting with hydrocephalus secondary to an obstructive lesion of the third ventricle. A large, dilated structure compressing the brainstem was present in the posterior fossa. INTERVENTION: The posterior fossa lesion was identified as an atrial diverticulum by injection of contrast medium into the right lateral ventricle, which led to immediate enhancement of the infratentorial cavity. Ventricular drainage and removal of the third ventricular lesion, a colloid cyst, allowed progressive collapse of the diverticulum and symptom resolution. CONCLUSION: This report discusses the pathogenesis of ventricular diverticula and demonstrates that ventriculography can be used to differentiate atrial diverticula from other posterior fossa lesions when time-consuming multiplanar magnetic resonance imaging cannot be afforded on an emergency basis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 227.14804447171keywords = colloid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/43. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma with skull base invasion and hydrocephalus: a case report.We describe a case of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with diffuse skull base bony destruction, resulting in obstructive hydrocephalus. Previously, these lesions were reported to be NPC with brain metastasis, without diffuse bony destruction of the skull base or hydrocephalus. We found no other cases of NPC with brain metastasis and diffuse bony destruction of the skull base resulting in hydrocephalus in the literature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.3064259836013keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/43. Congenital nephropathy and ventriculomegaly: a report of four cases.Congenital nephrotic syndrome with ventriculomegaly and a normal karyotype is a rare association. We report four cases, three of which were conceived consecutively by one couple. All the cases were associated with elevated maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein. Renal histology in one fetus demonstrated colloid filled cysts distributed in the corticomedullary area. Transmission electron microscopy of the glomeruli showed normally developed foot processes and confirmatory genetic studies excluded Finnish congenital nephrotic syndrome. It is probable that congenital nephropathy in conjunction with ventriculomegaly is the result of an autosomal recessive syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 227.14804447171keywords = colloid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/43. neuroendoscopy: one year of experience--personal results, observations and limits.After reading reports of successful neuroendoscopic treatment of hydrocephalus, colloid cysts and arachnoid cysts as well as tumor biopsy, we started using endoscopic procedures in our Department, one year ago. One surgeon (E.S.) skilled in the Decq Endoscope, performed a series of sixteen procedures, from January 2001 to March 2002 (in patients aged 28 to 69 years). The most common pathology was obstructive hydrocephalus (14 cases), one was colloid cyst, and the last case was tumor biopsy. The surgical treatment consisted of third ventriculostomy, cyst opening and shrinking and tumor biopsy. In fourteen patients treated for hydrocephalus with third ventriculostomy (ETV), one required a definitive shunt. Complication occurred in one case with chronic subdural collection. We further report one case of aqueductal restoration after third ventriculostomy. Our results, with no neurological deficits or deaths, confirmed our opinion that neuroendoscopy is a safe surgical technique in well-selected patients and we believe it is the ideal treatment in obstructive hydrocephalus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 454.29608894343keywords = colloid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/43. Neuroendoscopic stent procedure in obstructive hydrocephalus due to both foramina of monro occluding craniopharyngioma: technical note.BACKGROUND: The development of various neuroendoscopic surgical instruments has offered more options for endoscopic procedures in the treatment of intraventricular tumors. Not only tumor biopsy or tumor resection but also restoration of an obstructed cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) pathway can be performed using the same approach. METHOD: A 76-year-old woman with a cardiac pacemaker for an underlying heart disease was diagnosed with obstructive hydrocephalus because of a third ventricular tumor 8 years ago. The patient had been treated with ventriculo-peritoneal shunt placement. At admission she presented with a subcutaneous infection of the shunt catheter and an abdominal mass of unknown etiology. Neuroendoscopic stenting between lateral and third ventricle was performed to restore the obstructed CSF pathway, and the infected shunt system was removed in the same setting. RESULT: The postoperative course was uneventful. Contrast ventriculography demonstrated a restored CSF pathway between the lateral and third ventricle. Histologic examination of the intraventricular tumor revealed a craniopharyngioma, and the abdominal mass was diagnosed as a gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSION: The neuroendoscopic foraminoplasty technique should be considered as an alternative treatment for patients who present with an obstructive hydrocephalus caused by a tumor that occludes both foramina of Monro when shunt placement or endoscopic third ventriculostomy is not feasible.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = carcinoma, adenocarcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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