1/34. hypertensive encephalopathy: complication in children treated for myeloproliferative disorders--report of three cases.We routinely perform echo-planar diffusion-weighted sequences in all brain magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies. When three children undergoing chemotherapy for acute leukemia presented with seizures, conventional MR images demonstrated what appeared to be acute, posterior, parasagittal infarcts. However, diffusion-weighted images were normal. These MR imaging findings were consistent with those of hypertensive encephalopathy. Early recognition and treatment of minimal hypertension in these patients allows reversal of encephalopathy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = posterior (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/34. hypertensive encephalopathy presenting with thunderclap headache.A 68-year-old woman presented with thunderclap headache, which led to a search for subarachnoid hemorrhage. Both computerized tomography of the head and cerebrospinal fluid examination were normal. magnetic resonance imaging revealed abnormalities in the white matter in the parieto-occipital regions. There was no aneurysm on magnetic resonance angiography. Treatment of hypertension led to resolution of the posterior leukoencephalopathy. hypertensive encephalopathy with reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy can present as a thunderclap headache.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2481.2557501704keywords = posterior leukoencephalopathy, leukoencephalopathy, posterior (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/34. Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome in a patient with hypertensive encephalopathy--case report.A 58-year-old male presented with reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) manifesting as headache, papilledema, and renal hypertension. T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging showed hyperintensity lesions in the medulla, pons, bilateral thalami, and bilateral deep white matter of the parieto-occipital lobes. The pons was swollen. diffusion-weighted MR imaging did not show increased intensity in these lesions. The lesions disappeared with improvement of clinical symptoms after treatment for hypertension. These findings suggested the lesions were vasogenic edema and the diagnosis was RPLS. T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted MR imaging are useful modalities to differentiate RPLS from other central nervous system abnormalities such as infarction, multiple sclerosis, and central pontine myelinolysis. The clinical and neuroradiological findings of RPLS can be reversed by timely initiation of treatment for the causative factor.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 57813.113229001keywords = leukoencephalopathy syndrome, posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome, posterior leukoencephalopathy, leukoencephalopathy, posterior (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/34. Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome: a report of 2 cases.Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLE) is an increasingly recognised disorder, most commonly associated with malignant hypertension, toxaemia of pregnancy or the use of immunosuppressive agents. Two cases of RPLE syndrome occurring in the setting of accelerated hypertension and eclampsia are described. Both patients had seizures, altered sensorium and typical findings on neuroimaging. They had complete clinical and radiological recovery. The clinical course, pathophysiology and neuroimaging features of RPLE syndrome are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 57813.113229001keywords = leukoencephalopathy syndrome, posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome, posterior leukoencephalopathy, leukoencephalopathy, posterior (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/34. Serial investigation of perfusion disturbances and vasogenic oedema in hypertensive encephalopathy by diffusion and perfusion weighted imaging.Serial MRI including diffusion and perfusion imaging was performed in a patient with hypertensive encephalopathy. At admission, the patient was disorientated and presented with seizures and cortical blindness. perfusion imaging showed a marked reduction in blood volume and flow, with corresponding vasogenic oedema in the occipital, posterior temporal, and, to a lesser extent, frontal lobes. The clinical symptoms disappeared rapidly following treatment, whereas the disturbed circulation pattern and vasogenic oedema resolved more slowly. A complete normalisation was seen after 1 year.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = posterior (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/34. CT and MRI findings of cyclosporine-related encephalopathy and hypertensive encephalopathy.We present the MRI and CT findings of one child with cyclosporine-related encephalopathy, and one child with hypertensive encephalopathy following cyclosporine-related encephalopathy. The imaging findings were shown well on T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MR images. cyclosporine-related encephalopathy was distributed predominantly in the posterior white matter. hypertensive encephalopathy showed similar changes of CT attenuation, but with wider distribution. These two disorders seem to have the same pathogenesis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = posterior (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/34. Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy secondary to indinavir-induced hypertensive crisis: a case report.Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) is an uncommon entity related to multiple and different pathologies, the most common being hypertensive crisis. It is believed to be secondary to the breakdown on the blood-brain barrier. At the beginning, it is undistinguishable from other leukoencephalopathies. However, the disappearance of brain lesions after removal of the potential cause, establish the differential diagnosis with other leukoencephalopathies. We present the case of an hiv-infected patient with a RPLS related to a hypertensive crisis short after the initiation of indinavir-containing highly active antiretroviral therapy. Once blood pressure was controlled and indinavir replaced by nelfinavir, white matter lesions at magnetic resonance imaging disappeared. The clinical and radiologic evolution excludes other diagnosis as progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and points indinavir as a potential hypertension-inducing agent in hiv-infected predisposed subjects.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 16591.039649963keywords = leukoencephalopathy syndrome, posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome, posterior leukoencephalopathy, leukoencephalopathy, posterior (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/34. Two cases of malignant hypertension with reversible diffuse leukoencephalopathy exhibiting a reversible nocturnal blood pressure "riser" pattern.We report two cases of malignant hypertension with reversible diffuse leukoencephalopathy demonstrating a nocturnal blood pressure (BP) rising pattern ("riser" pattern). Case 1 was a 54-year-old man diagnosed with malignant hypertension who presented with diffuse leukoencephalopathy and nocturnal BP rise during the acute phase. These abnormal findings diminished after treatment of hypertension. Case 2 was a 50-year-old woman diagnosed with malignant hypertension in association with leukoencephalopathy, heart failure and acute renal failure. She also presented with a "riser" pattern during the acute phase. In contrast to case 1, the leukoencephalopathy and "riser" pattern in case 2 were not improved even after 1 month of treatment. Following intensive antihypertensive treatment, renal failure was improved in case 1, but renal failure was not improved after 1 month in case 2. In conclusion, a possible explanation of this phenomenon is that a causative volume overload due to renal dysfunction produced the temporal leukoencephalopathy-like brain edema and "riser" pattern in these cases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 593.14953439561keywords = leukoencephalopathy (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/34. hypertensive encephalopathy.The case report of a patient with hypertensive encephalopathy is presented here. The findings of reversible bilateral thalamic changes on T2-weighted MR imaging is an atypical manifestation of the reversible posterior leucoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS), which is the neuroradiological correlate of hypertensive encephalopathy. The importance of prompt and accurate diagnosis of hypertensive encephalopathy / RPLS is stressed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = posterior (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/34. Hypertensive brainstem encephalopathy: clinical and radiographic features.Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome associated with hypertension rarely presents with predominant involvement of the brainstem and relative sparing of the supratentorial regions. We describe the clinical and neuroimaging features of three patients with reversible hypertensive brainstem encephalopathy. headache and confusion in the setting of severe hypertension, with a relative paucity of brainstem signs and symptoms, despite extensive neuroimaging abnormalities in the brainstem support the diagnosis. The clinical findings and neuroimaging abnormalities resolve with treatment of the hypertension, further distinguishing this syndrome from brainstem infarction.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 11562.6226458keywords = leukoencephalopathy syndrome, posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome, posterior leukoencephalopathy, leukoencephalopathy, posterior (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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