1/22. Unilateral virginal breast hypertrophy.A case of unilateral virginal breast hypertrophy with a review of the etiological factors and treatment modalities is presented. A 16-year-old girl presented with progressive enlargement of the left breast of 5 months' duration. The result of the mammographic examination was consistent with cystosarcoma phyllodes. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy revealed giant fibroadenoma. Although some of the characteristics of the fine-needle aspiration biopsy specimen were suspicious for cystosarcoma phyllodes, there were no adequate epithelial structures, which are obligatory for the diagnosis. The patient was treated with subcutaneous mastectomy and subpectoral insertion of a silicone gel implant. The histopathological examination was consistent with virginal hypertrophy. The breast maintained its volume with no further growth in the affected or in the normal breast after 4 years of follow-up.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = giant (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/22. Gigantomastia induced by bucillamine.Drug-induced mammary hyperplasias have been reported as rare complications of D-penicillamine and Neothetazone. The authors report the first case of bucillamine-induced giant mammary hyperplasia. Bucillamine is used as an antirheumatic drug that is structurally analogous to D-penicillamine. A 25-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis for the past 5 years started to develop gradual enlargement of her breasts 15 months before presentation. She had been on a combined treatment of steroid and lobenzarit disodium for the first 3 years, and then continued with a combined treatment of steroid and bucillamine for the following years until she was found to have pulmonary tuberculosis, at which time the steroid was suspended 10 months before she visited the authors' clinic. An almost total breast reduction was performed; 5 kg of right breast tissue and 7 kg of left breast tissue were excised. Retrospectively, bucillamine was believed to be the cause of the giant hypertrophy because of its structural similarity to D-penicillamine, which was the subject of an abundance of reports of mammary hyperplasia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = giant (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/22. Reduction mammoplasty in cases of giant fibroadenoma among adolescent females. case reports and literature review.Giant tumours of the breast cause massive enlargement of the breast resulting in asymmetry. Simple excision of the tumour fails to restore symmetry, and in some cases leaves the patient with a secondary deformity. We present two cases of giant fibroadenoma in adolescent females. Both patients underwent a one-stage excision of the giant fibroadenoma and reduction mammoplasty. Relevant operative details and results are presented together with a review of the literature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = giant (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/22. Giant keratoacanthoma arising in hypertrophic lichen planus.A 45-year-old man presented with a rapidly enlarging tumour in an area of long-standing hypertrophic lichen planus of the lower leg. Histological examination of the resected specimen showed it to be a giant keratoacanthoma measuring 37 x 57 mm. Neoplastic change is a rarely reported complication of chronic variants of cutaneous lichen planus. To date there have been only two reports of keratoacanthoma development in association with lichen planus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = giant (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/22. Giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath of the toe imitating macrodactyly: case report.The authors present a case of giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (GCTTS) imitating macrodactyly macroscopically. They give an overview of the differential diagnosis of macrodactyly, the behavior of GCTTS, its most frequent localizations, the scope of surgical procedures available in cases of the disproportionate enlargement of a digit, and also of earlier GCTTS cases recorded in the files of the Orthopedic Clinic of the Semmelweis University.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = giant (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/22. Idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis.Idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis is a rare disorder of unknown origin. It is a fibrosing inflammatory process that involves the dura mater. Herein are described 14 patients with idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis; their clinical, laboratory and radiological findings, as well as their treatment, are analyzed. Neuropathological findings of six cases including two autopsied cases are also presented. The main clinical features were headache and cranial nerve palsies. Many patients had mild to moderate elevation of c-reactive protein, and three patients had perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody. The CSF in most cases showed inflammatory changes. neuroimaging studies revealed diffuse or localized thickening of the dura, and MRI findings were key to diagnosis of this disorder. The clinical course was chronic. All patients were treated with corticosteroid and improved intially, but half of them experienced relapses. Two patients received surgical intervention. Pathological examination in two autopsied cases revealed diffuse thickening of the dura, especially in the posterior part of the falx cerebri and the tentorium cerebelli. Microscopic examination of the dura showed dense fibrosis with inflammatory cell infiltration composed mainly of lymphocytes. The cell infiltration was marked at the surface of the dura mater. One case had necrotizing vasculitis of the small arteries located in the dura and the cerebral surface. There were no giant cells, caseation necrosis, or epitheloid granuloma. Four patients underwent biopsy of the dura, and the pathological study showed non-specific inflammatory changes. The relationship of idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis with connective tissue disease or vasculitis syndrome is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = giant (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/22. Focal hypertrophic pachymeningitis in association with temporal arteritis.We present an extremely rare case of a patient with focal hypertrophic pachymeningitis in association with histologically proven temporal arteritis (giant cell arteritis). It is proposed that focal hypertrophic pachymeningitis in itself is the contributing factor to severe headache rather than temporal arteritis alone.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = giant (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/22. Acute monocular visual loss in carcinomatous hypertrophic pachymeningitis mimicking giant cell arteritis.This report describes a 69-year-old woman who presented with acute monocular visual loss, ipsilateral headache, and elevated sedimentation rate (ESR) and c-reactive protein (CRP). Both temporal artery biopsies were negative. neuroimaging, dural biopsy, and breast biopsy all confirmed the diagnosis of carcinomatous hypertrophic pachymeningitis associated with metastatic breast carcinoma. After treatment with corticosteroids, her vision improved. Her clinical presentation initially mimicked the symptoms and signs of giant cell arteritis. Acute monocular visual loss without other cranial nerve palsies may be an uncommon presentation of hypertrophic pachymeningitis from metastatic breast carcinoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = giant (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/22. Acute monocular visual loss in carcinomatous hypertrophic pachymeningitis mimicking giant cell arteritis.This report describes a 69-year-old woman who presented with acute monocular visual loss, ipsilateral headache, and elevated sedimentation rate and c-reactive protein. Both temporal artery biopsies were negative. neuroimaging, dural biopsy, and breast biopsy all confirmed the diagnosis of carcinomatous hypertrophic pachymeningitis associated with metastatic breast carcinoma. After treatment with corticosteroids, her vision improved. Her clinical presentation initially mimicked the symptoms and signs of giant cell arteritis. Acute monocular visual loss without other cranial nerve palsies may be an uncommon presentation of hypertrophic pachymeningitis from metastatic breast carcinoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = giant (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/22. Giant hypertrophied anal papilla. Case report.Anal papillae, polypoid lesions formed by hyperplasia of connective tissue in the vicinity of the anal columns, are usually small and asymptomatic. A rare case of giant hypertrophied anal papilla complicated by massive anal bleeding and prolapse is reported.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = giant (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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