1/14. Congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma: particulate staining pattern of TGK.A case of late onset non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (CIE) was studied. This patient was not born as a collodion baby and did not have skin abnormalities until 9-10 years of age. She gradually developed erythroderma and fine scales, callosities of her feet, and a mild ectropion. Since recent work has revealed that in the majority of CIE patients, transglutaminase (TGK) is distributed in the cytoplasm of granular cells and horny cells (11), TGK was studied in our case. It was found that TGK was distributed along the cell periphery of horny cells and also in the cytoplasm of granular cells. In the control skins, TGK was stained along the cell periphery of horny cells and granular cells. The marginal band formation was normal. Involucrine and loricrin, the building materials of the marginal band whose-cross-linking is mediated by TGK, were normally stained in the upper epidermis. Cytoplasmic TGK of granular cells and normal development of the marginal band may serve as a helpful diagnostic marker of CIE, particularly because the often confusing collodion baby of lamellar ichthyosis may lack TGK staining and the marginal band altogether.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = erythroderma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/14. Non-bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma associated with retinitis pigmentosa.Non-bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma (NBIE) is an autosomal recessive condition characterized by generalized erythema and scaling. Two brothers with NBIE and retinitis pigmentosa are reported. One of them also had a marfanoid habitus, thoracic kyphosis, and arachnodactyly, and was heterozygous for alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency. A third brother had skin involvement, but normal vision. retinitis pigmentosa has been described in association with NBIE as part of Rud syndrome, which is no longer considered a separate entity. Major diagnostic features of Rud syndrome, such as hypogonadism, mental retardation, and epilepsy were absent in this family. The association of NBIE with retinitis pigmentosa in this family seems distinct from any previously described, currently recognized syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83333333333333keywords = erythroderma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/14. Ultrastructural features resembling those of harlequin ichthyosis in patients with severe congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma.Congenital ichthyoses are a group of heterogeneous disorders of cornification. Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) can be clinically subdivided into congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma and lamellar ichthyosis. Ultrastructurally, ARCI is classified into four groups: ichthyosis congenita (IC) types I-IV. The genetic background of the ARCI disorders is heterogeneous, but only one disease gene, transglutaminase 1, has been detected so far. We describe six patients with severe congenital ichthyosis from six different Scandinavian families. They could not be classified ultrastructurally into the four IC groups because of atypical findings of electron microscopy. These included abnormal lamellar bodies, alterations in keratohyalin, remnant organelles and lipid inclusions in the upper epidermal cells, which resembled the ultrastructural findings of harlequin ichthyosis (HI), although the HI phenotype was not present at birth. Some clinical features, such as thick scales, erythroderma, alopecia and ectropion were common to all patients. ichthyosis was usually accentuated in the scalp and four patients had clumped fingers and toes. None of the patients carried the transglutaminase 1 mutation. We conclude that ultrastructural findings resembling those detected in previous HI cases (type 1 and 2) can also be found in patients who do not have classic clinical features of that rare ichthyosis. This may be due to lack of specificity of ultrastructural markers for HI or to its clinical heterogeneity.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = erythroderma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/14. Loricrin keratoderma: a cause of congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma and collodion baby.A group of hereditary palmoplantar keratodermas due to heterozygous mutation in the loricrin gene has recently been identified. Of five reported pedigrees, four presented as mutilating keratoderma with ichthyosis (variant Vohwinkel syndrome), and one as progressive symmetric erythrokeratoderma. We report a new Japanese pedigree of loricrin keratoderma. A 14-year-old male and his 11-year-old female sibling had both been born as collodion babies and were initially diagnosed as having non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, but later developed palmoplantar keratoderma with pseudoainhum. Their father was similarly affected. Direct sequencing of genomic dna revealed a G residue insertion at codon 230-231 of the loricrin gene. Antibody studies confirmed the presence of mutant loricrin in the retained nuclei. We conclude that loricrin gene mutation may present as congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, and should be included in the differential diagnosis of collodion baby.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = erythroderma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/14. Bullous and non-bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma associated with generalized pustular psoriasis of von Zumbusch type.Bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma (BIE) and non-bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma (NBIE) are rare congenital ichthyoses. Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) of von Zumbusch type is a rare and severe form of psoriasis marked by desquamative and pustular erythroderma associated with fever and altered general conditions. We report two adults with an ichthyosis typical of BIE in the first case and NBIE in the second, without any previous history of psoriasis, who presented with a severe and relapsing GPP of von Zumbusch type. Using current knowledge of the genetic relationship between psoriasis and congenital ichthyoses, we discuss the possibility of a common physiopathological link between congenital ichthyoses and GPP, and examine the possible therapeutic problems resulting from this pathological association, especially in BIE.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.1666666666667keywords = erythroderma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/14. Oral acitretin treatment in severe congenital ichthyosis of the neonate.Two newborn infants with ichthyosis, one with lamellar ichthyosis and one with nonbullous ichthyosis form erythroderma, who presented at birth with a collodion baby appearance, were treated with acitretin (1 mg/kg/day). Clinical improvement was achieved shortly after treatment. The second case received oral retinoid for 3.5 months and was followed for nine months. The result was excellent. The treatment resulted in a satisfactory improvement in the skin condition of the first case. The tolerance to the drug was good. Side effects were not observed. It was concluded that early management of severe ichthyosis cases could prevent life-threatening events such as hyperthermia, disturbance in electrolyte and fluid balance, and infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = erythroderma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/14. Congenital ichthyosis with hypogonadism and growth retardation--a new syndrome with peculiar ultrastructural features.A male patient presented with a congenital ichthyosis clinically characterized by generalized erythroderma, fine scaling on the trunk and palmoplantar hyperkeratoses with severely affected nails. The acanthotic epidermis was characterized by hyperproliferation with a large quantity of mitoses and extremely suppressed keratinization without a normal granular layer. The horny layer was parakeratotic and contained remnants of cell debris and lipid droplets. Ultrastructurally the prickle cell layer was characterized by binuclear cells, oedematization of the keratinocytes and isolated dyskeratotic cells. Some suprabasal cells showed unusual morphological features, containing nuclei with cytoplasmic pseudoinclusions, sometimes leading to a complete disintegration of the nuclear structure, and bowl- and lens-shaped accumulations of a filamentous material. Instead of normal tonofibrils, the aggregated material consisted of fine interlacing filaments. The latter are compared with the filamentous shells in ichthyosis hystrix Curth-Macklin and congenital reticular ichthyosiform erythroderma. The clinical symptomatology--congenital ichthyosis, growth retardation, secondary hypogonadism, hepatomegaly--and the ultrastructural characteristics of the keratinization disorder indicate that the present case cannot be considered as a subtype of the recessively inherited ichthyosis congenita group, but suggest a new syndrome as a separate nosologic entity.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = erythroderma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/14. Augmentation mammaplasty for mammarial hypotrophy and ptosis in a patient with ichthyosis.A 30-year-old female with mammarial hypotrophy was diagnosed with non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (NBCIE) with dermatologic evaluation. Her mammarial hypotrophy and ptosis was corrected with a breast implant. Although there is a tendency to skin infections and increased skin fragility in the ichthyotic patients, breast augmentation with silicone prosthesis is well-tolerated by the patient.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = erythroderma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/14. Lamellar ichthyosis.A 6-year-old African boy with a history of a collodion membrane presented with scale in a generalized distribution and flexural accentuation. Large, brown, polygonal scales were present on the forehead, lateral aspects of the face, and extremities. The nature of the scales and the lack of erythroderma in this patient are consistent with a mild form of lamellar ichthyosis (LI). LI and nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (NBCIE) represent phenotypes at the poles of the autosomal recessive ichthyosis spectrum. Mutations in genes encoding transglutaminase 1 (TGM1), the ABCA12 transporter (ABCA12), ichthyin, lipoxygenase 3 (ALOXE3), and 12(R)-lipoxygenase (ALOX12B) have been shown to underlie both NBCIE and LI.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = erythroderma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/14. Helical hairs: a new hair anomaly in a patient with Netherton's syndrome.A new hair shaft defect, helical hair, is presented. This hair abnormality was found to accompany trichorrhexis invaginata and pili torti in an infant with Netherton's syndrome. The patient's main clinical features included erythroderma since birth, failure to thrive, recurrent infections, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, eosinophilia, hypergammaglobulinemia, and high serum IgE levels. A possible mechanism for the formation of helical hair is reviewed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = erythroderma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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